Chicken parmigiana
Chicken parmigiana, or chicken parmesan (Italian Pollo alla parmigiana) (also referred to colloquially in the United States as 'chicken parm' and in Australia as a parmi[1] or parma[2]) is a popular Italian-American dish.[3][4] It consists of a breaded chicken breast topped with tomato sauce and mozzarella, parmesan or provolone cheese. A slice of ham or bacon is sometimes added,[5] but not all chefs are in agreement with the addition of pork.[6] It is based on a combination of the Italian melanzane alla Parmigiana, a dish using breaded eggplant slices instead of chicken, along with costelette Parmigiana.[4]
Chicken parmigiana is included as the base of a number of different meals, including sandwiches[7] and pies,[8][9] and the meal is used as the subject of eating contests at some restaurants.[10]
Contents
Popularity
North America
In the United States and Canada, chicken parmigiana is often served as an entree, and sometimes with a side of or on top of pasta. Many restaurants also offer chicken parm sandwiches, putting chicken parmigiana between two slices of bread.[11] In the US, a recipe for chicken parmigiana was published in The New York Times in 1962.[12] The New York Public Library has in their collection a menu from New York City Italian restaurant that has been in the same location since 1906 which shows that chicken parmigiana was being offered in 1958.[13] In the same collection at the New York Public Library, there is a menu from a restaurant on board a cruise ship of the Italian Line, that cruised the North Atlantic between North America and Europe and had offered Petti Di Pollo Alla Parmigiana in 1956 to the wealth class that could afford a scenic cruise.[14] There is a recipe that was published in the 1953 issue of the New York Herald Tribune that used frozen fried chicken patties or fillets along with other pre-processed foods to make a version of the dish at home.[15]
Australia
The dish is regularly served throughout Australia, where it is considered a staple of pub food.[16][17][18][19] Chicken parmigiana is typically served in Australia with a side of chips and salad, although there is some dispute as to whether the chips should be served under or next to the chicken.[20] Its popularity has led to a specialized chicken parmigiana restaurant opening in Melbourne,[20] and chicken parmigiana is the subject of reviews on dedicated websites which compare the dish as purchased from various pubs within a region.[2][20][21][22]
Similar dishes
United Kingdom
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Parmo is a dish originating in Middlesbrough, England. It typically consists of fried breaded chicken topped with a white béchamel sauce and cheese. Parmo originated as escalope Parmesan, a derivative of chicken parmigiana.[23]
Argentina
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In Argentina, a variation of milanesa a la napolitana is made with chicken instead of the usual beef, similar to chicken parmagiana.[24] It is sometimes topped with ham, bacon, or a fried egg and is usually served with french fries.[25][26][27]
See also
References
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- ↑ New Menus Are Offered Home Cook," (6 September 1962). New York Times p.33, in "Chicken Parm", The Food Timeline, retrieved 12 November 2015.
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