Communications Workers of America
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| Full name | Communications Workers of America |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1947 |
| Members | 456,529 ("active" and "dues-paying retired" members) 166,491 ("non-dues-paying retired" members) (2014)[1] |
| Affiliation | AFL-CIO, CLC |
| Key people | Chris Shelton, president |
| Office location | Washington, D.C. |
| Country | United States, Canada |
| Website | cwa-union |
Communications Workers of America (CWA) is the largest communications and media labor union in the United States, representing about 600,000 members in both the private and public sectors.[1] The union has 27 locals in Canada via CWA-SCA Canada (Syndicat des communications d’Amérique) representing about 8,000 members. CWA has several affiliated subsidiary labor unions bringing total membership to over 700,000. CWA is headquartered in Washington, DC, and affiliated with the AFL-CIO, the Canadian Labour Congress, and Union Network International. The current president is Chris Shelton.
Contents
History
In 1918 telephone operators organized under the Telephone Operators Department of the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers. While initially successful at organizing, the union was damaged by a 1923 strike and subsequent AT&T lockout. After AT&T installed company-controlled Employees' Committees, the Telephone Operators Department eventually disbanded.[2] The CWA's roots lie in the 1938 reorganization of telephone workers into the National Federation of Telephone Workers after the Wagner Act outlawed such employees' committees or company unions. NFTW was a federation of sovereign local independent unions that lacked authority over the affiliated local unions leaving it at a serious organizational disadvantage. After losing a strike with AT&T in 1947, the federation led by Joseph A. Beirne,[3] reorganized as CWA, a truly national union, which affiliated with the Congress of Industrial Organizations in 1949. CWA has continued to expand into areas beyond traditional telephone service. In 1994 the National Association of Broadcast Employees and Technicians merged with the CWA and became The Broadcasting and Cable Television Workers Sector of the CWA, NABET-CWA. Since 1997, it includes The Newspaper Guild, and since 2000 it includes Human Rights Watch's support staff. In 2004, the Association of Flight Attendants merged with CWA, and became formally known as the Association of Flight Attendants-CWA, or AFA-CWA.
Contracts and strikes
Following is a partial list of contracts and strikes that the Communications Workers of America were involved in:[4][5][6]
| Year | Company | Number of Members Affected | Duration of Strike | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1955 | Southern Bell Telephone Co. | 50,000 | 72 days | Strike was in answer to management's effort to prohibit workers from striking. |
| 1968 | AT&T | 200,000 | 18 days | Wage increases to compensate for cost of living, and medical benefits won |
| 1971 | Bell System | 400,000 | 1 week | Cost of Living Allowance (COLA) won for workers |
| 1983 | Bell System | 600,000 | 22 days | Last contract with the Bell System before its breakup. Bell System sought givebacks. The contract resulted in Wage increases, employment security, pension, and health improvements. |
| 1986 | AT&T | 175,000 | 25 days | COLA clause suspended in contract - former Bell System contracts vary substantially from the AT&T contract. |
| 1989 | AT&T | 175,000 | n/a | Child and elder care benefits added to contract. COLA clause removed from contract |
| 1989 | NYNEX | 175,000 | 17 weeks | Strike was due to major health care cuts by NYNEX |
| 1998 | US West | 34,000 | 15 day | Strike was due to mandatory overtime demands and forced pay-for-performance plan. Overtime caps were won.[7] |
| 2000 | Verizon | 80,000 | 3 weeks | Strike was due to mandatory overtime demands. Provisions for stress were won. |
| 2011 | Verizon | 45,000 | 13 days | Strike was due to major wage and health care cuts by Verizon, a forced pay-for-performance plan and movement-of-work job security provisions. Contract extended. |
| 2012 | AT&T | 20,000 | 2 Days | AT&T West; California, Nevada, and AT&T East; Connecticut - Unfair labor practice strike during contract negotiations.[8] |
Composition
Membership
According to CWA's Department of Labor records since 2006, when membership classifications were first reported, the total reported membership has varied greatly and unpredictably due to the addition and removal of reported membership categories.[9] As of 2014, around 27%, or a fourth, of the union's total membership are classified as "non-dues-paying retirees," and not eligible to vote in the union. The other, voting eligible, classifications are "active" (65%) and "dues-paying retired" (8%). CWA contracts also cover some non-members, known as agency fee payers, which number comparatively about 7% of the size of the union's membership. This accounts for 166,491 "non-dues-paying retirees" and 52,240 "dues-paying retirees," plus about 43,353 non-members paying agency fees, compared to 404,289 "active" members.[1]
Affiliates
- Association of Flight Attendants (AFA-CWA) represents over 55,000 flight attendants at 22 airlines. Established in 1945, it affiliated with the CWA in 2004.
- International Union of Electronic, Electrical, Salaried, Machine and Furniture Workers (IUE-CWA) represents over 45,000 manufacturing and industrial workers.
- The Newspaper Guild (TNG-CWA) represents over 34,000 media workers at wire services, newspapers, magazines, and broadcast news. Established in 1933, it affiliated with the CWA in 1995.
- National Association of Broadcast Employees and Technicians (NABET-CWA) represents over 10,000 workers employed in the broadcasting, distributing, telecasting, recording, cable, video, sound recording and related industries. Established in 1934, it affiliated with the CWA in 1994.
- National Coalition of Public Safety Officers (NCPSO-CWA) represents over 16,000 municipal police, correctional officers, emergency medical services (EMS) workers, communications dispatchers, probation officers, and firefighters.
- CWA Public, Healthcare and Education Workers represents more than 140,000 workers including social workers, educators, and health care providers.
- Printing, Publishing and Media Workers Sector (PPMWS-CWA) represents over 8,000 workers in a diverse range of occupations in daily newspapers, commercial printing and mailing operations, and graphic design.
- In February 2012, The Transport Workers Union of America and CWA executive boards voted to work together in a new affiliation.[10] The two unions represent 120,000 airline workers and are joined forces to support bargaining and organizing campaigns at airlines.[11]
Further reading
- Bahr, Morton. From the Telegraph to the Internet: A 60 Year History of the CWA. Washington, D.C.: Welcome Rain Publishers, 1998. ISBN 1-56649-949-6
- Palladino, Grace. Dreams of Dignity, Workers of Vision: A History of the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers. Washington, D.C.: International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, 1991.
- Schacht, John N. The Making of Telephone Unionism, 1920–1947. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1985. ISBN 0-8135-1136-4
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 US Department of Labor, Office of Labor-Management Standards. File number 000-188. Report submitted August 29, 2014.
- ↑ Norwood, S: Labor's Flaming Youth, page 302. University of Illinois Press, 1990.
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- ↑ Communications Workers of America - Timeline Accessed March 24, 2010.
- ↑ CWA Local 3805 Timeline Accessed March 24, 2010.
- ↑ U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Monthly Labor Review - January, 1990 Accessed March 24, 2010.
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- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 US Department of Labor, Office of Labor-Management Standards. File number 000-188. (Search)
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