Cyclopentolate

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Cyclopentolate
Cyclopentolat Structural Formulae V1.svg
Systematic (IUPAC) name
(RS)-2-(dimethylamino)ethyl (1-hydroxycyclopentyl)(phenyl)acetate
Clinical data
Pregnancy
category
  • C
Routes of
administration		 Topic
Identifiers
CAS Number 512-15-2 YesY
ATC code S01FA04 (WHO)
PubChem CID: 2905
DrugBank DB00979 YesY
ChemSpider 2802 YesY
UNII I76F4SHP7J YesY
KEGG D07759 YesY
ChEBI CHEBI:4024 YesY
ChEMBL CHEMBL1200473 N
Chemical data
Formula C17H25NO3
Molecular mass 291.385 g/mol
  • O=C(OCCN(C)C)C(c1ccccc1)C2(O)CCCC2
  • InChI=1S/C17H25NO3/c1-18(2)12-13-21-16(19)15(14-8-4-3-5-9-14)17(20)10-6-7-11-17/h3-5,8-9,15,20H,6-7,10-13H2,1-2H3 YesY
  • Key:SKYSRIRYMSLOIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N YesY
 NYesY (what is this?)  (verify)

Cyclopentolate is a medication commonly used during pediatric eye examinations that dilates the eye (mydriatic), prevents accommodation of the eye to different distances (cycloplegic), and blocks specific receptors called muscarinic receptors (muscarinic antagonist).[1] Cyclopentolate is also administered as an atropine substitute to reverse muscarinic and central nervous system effects of indirect cholinomimetic (anti-AChase) administration.

When used in eye drops in paediatric eye examinations, cyclopentolate 0.5 percent and 1.0 percent is used to stop the eye focusing at any distance closer than infinity. This enables the ophthalmologist or optometrist to obtain a more accurate reading of the correcting lenses required for clear vision at distance. Brand names include Cyclogyl, Cylate, & Pentolair.[2]

The drops take around 30–60 minutes to work and usually less than 24 hours (pupil dilation could last up to 96 hours) to wear off (with patients advised not to drive a vehicle or operate machinery for at least 12 hours). The pupils become wider when cyclopentolate is administered, making the eyes more sensitive to light. Close objects (and possibly distant objects) will also appear blurred.

Side effects to cyclopentolate are rare, but can include effects such as disorientation, incoherent speech or visual disturbances during the 24-hour period that the drug has an effect. The side effects are more common in children.

Both eyes instilled with cyclopentolate 1%, causing both mydriasis and cycloplegia
Pupil dilation (mydriasis) caused by cyclopentolate 1% instilled into both eyes

References

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