Dax, Landes

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Dax
Subprefecture and commune
La Fontaine Chaude
Coat of arms of Dax
Coat of arms
Country France
Region Aquitaine-Limousin-Poitou-Charentes
Department Landes
Arrondissement Dax
Canton Dax-1 and 2
Intercommunality CA Grand Dax
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2026) Julien Dubois[1]
Area1 19.70 km2 (7.61 sq mi)
Population (Jan. 2018)2 Lua error in Module:Wd at line 405: invalid escape sequence near '"^'.
INSEE/Postal code 40088 / 40100
Elevation 2–46 m (6.6–150.9 ft)
(avg. 9 m or 30 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. 2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.

Dax (French pronunciation: ​[daks]; Occitan: Dacs; Basque: Akize) is a commune in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, southwestern France, sub-prefecture of the Landes department.[2]

It is known as a spa destination, specialising in mud treatment for rheumatism and similar ailments. Dax is also known for its bullfighting culture, especially during the August ferias, one of the most crowded festival events in France with 800,000 people attending over five days.[3] It is also a market town, former bishopric and busy local centre, especially for the Chalosse area.

Geography

Dax lies on the river Adour, 30 km (19 mi) from the Atlantic Ocean and 42 km (26 mi) northwest of Bayonne. Dax station has rail connections to Paris, Hendaye, Tarbes, Bordeaux, Bayonne and Pau.

History

It was established by the Romans, and its reputation is supposed to date from a visit by Julia, the daughter of the first Emperor Octavian Augustus. Its Roman name was Civitas Aquensium. In the Middle Ages, it was administered by viscounts until 1177. From the acquisition of Aquitaine in 1152 by Henry II Plantagenet, later King of England, Dax remained under English rule until 1451, when it was conquered by French troops before the end of the Hundred Years' War. It successfully withstood a Spanish siege in 1521-1522.

File:Splendid Hôtel, façade Est.jpg
Splendid Hotel, 1928
File:Hôtel Neurisse.jpg
Neurisse Hotel, XVIIth century.

Population

Historical population
Year Pop. ±% p.a.
1793 3,391 —    
1800 3,398 +0.03%
1806 3,179 −1.10%
1821 4,948 +2.99%
1831 4,716 −0.48%
1836 4,776 +0.25%
1841 5,842 +4.11%
1846 5,615 −0.79%
1851 5,805 +0.67%
1856 6,125 +1.08%
1861 9,856 +9.98%
1866 9,469 −0.80%
1872 9,062 −0.73%
1876 10,250 +3.13%
1881 10,218 −0.06%
1886 10,858 +1.22%
1891 10,240 −1.17%
1896 10,196 −0.09%
1901 10,329 +0.26%
Year Pop. ±% p.a.
1906 11,210 +1.65%
1911 11,387 +0.31%
1921 11,047 −0.30%
1926 12,385 +2.31%
1931 12,663 +0.44%
1936 13,056 +0.61%
1946 14,113 +0.78%
1954 14,557 +0.39%
1962 17,051 +2.00%
1968 19,348 +2.13%
1975 19,137 −0.16%
1982 18,648 −0.37%
1990 19,309 +0.44%
1999 19,515 +0.12%
2007 20,860 +0.84%
2012 20,364 −0.48%
2017 20,681 +0.31%
2019 20,843 +0.39%
Source: EHESS[4] and INSEE (1968-2017)[5]

Climate

Climate data for Dax, Landes (1981–2010 averages, extremes 1958–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 24.0
(75.2)		 27.2
(81)		 29.9
(85.8)		 32.7
(90.9)		 36.2
(97.2)		 40.3
(104.5)		 40.8
(105.4)		 41.1
(106)		 39.0
(102.2)		 34.7
(94.5)		 28.1
(82.6)		 23.9
(75)		 41.1
(106)
Average high °C (°F) 11.4
(52.5)		 13.1
(55.6)		 16.4
(61.5)		 18.1
(64.6)		 21.7
(71.1)		 24.7
(76.5)		 27.0
(80.6)		 27.2
(81)		 25.0
(77)		 20.6
(69.1)		 14.8
(58.6)		 11.6
(52.9)		 19.3
(66.7)
Daily mean °C (°F) 7.2
(45)		 8.2
(46.8)		 11.0
(51.8)		 12.8
(55)		 16.4
(61.5)		 19.5
(67.1)		 21.5
(70.7)		 21.7
(71.1)		 19.1
(66.4)		 15.5
(59.9)		 10.5
(50.9)		 7.6
(45.7)		 14.3
(57.7)
Average low °C (°F) 3.0
(37.4)		 3.3
(37.9)		 5.5
(41.9)		 7.5
(45.5)		 11.1
(52)		 14.2
(57.6)		 16.1
(61)		 16.1
(61)		 13.3
(55.9)		 10.4
(50.7)		 6.1
(43)		 3.7
(38.7)		 9.2
(48.6)
Record low °C (°F) −16.2
(2.8)		 −9.5
(14.9)		 −8.3
(17.1)		 −1.8
(28.8)		 0.3
(32.5)		 3.8
(38.8)		 3.4
(38.1)		 6.8
(44.2)		 2.2
(36)		 −1.7
(28.9)		 −7.2
(19)		 −10.2
(13.6)		 −16.2
(2.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 106.3
(4.185)		 95.8
(3.772)		 82.8
(3.26)		 107.5
(4.232)		 90.2
(3.551)		 69.8
(2.748)		 57.9
(2.28)		 70.3
(2.768)		 89.6
(3.528)		 117.0
(4.606)		 145.7
(5.736)		 118.4
(4.661)		 1,151.3
(45.327)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 12.4 10.4 10.8 12.9 12.1 8.5 7.6 8.8 8.7 11.4 12.6 12.1 128.4
Average relative humidity (%) 87 82 78 79 79 79 78 81 82 87 88 89 82.4
Mean monthly sunshine hours 95.1 108.2 166.0 171.2 196.7 206.6 219.7 212.7 190.2 142.2 93.5 80.2 1,882.4
Source #1: Météo France[6][7][8]
Source #2: Infoclimat.fr (humidity, 1961–1990)[9]

Sights

Place de la cathédrale.
  • Roman archaeological crypt, including the foundations of a Roman temple from the second century AD
  • Remains of the Gallic-Roman walls (4th century)
  • Cathedral of Notre-Dame Ste-Marie
  • Church of Saint-Vincent-de-Xaintes
  • Fontaine Chaude ("Hot Fountain")
  • Château de Dax, former castle where is now Hôtel Splendid (fr)

Sports

The US Dax rugby club founded in 1904 is an important historical team, as many other town in south west of France. Many famous French rugby players comes from Dax and its suburbs such as Pierre Albaladejo, Raphaël Ibanez, or Richard Dourthe for example.

Twin towns

Personalities

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See also

References

  1. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ INSEE commune file
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Dax, EHESS. Script error: No such module "In lang".
  5. ↑ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
  6. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

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