Demographics of Egypt

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Population density

Egypt is the most populous country in the Middle East and the third-most populous on the African continent (after Nigeria and Ethiopia). About 95% [1] of the country's 82.5 million[2] (2012 est.) people live along the banks of the Nile throughout the Nile Delta, which fans out north of Cairo; and along the Suez Canal. These regions are among the world's most densely populated, containing an average of over 3,820 persons per square mile (1,540 per km².), as compared to 181 persons per sq. mi. for the country as a whole.

Small communities spread throughout the desert regions of Egypt are clustered around oases and historic trade and transportation routes. The government has tried with mixed success to encourage migration to newly irrigated land reclaimed from the desert. However, the proportion of the population living in rural areas has continued to decrease as people move to the cities in search of employment and a higher standard of living.

According to the Peterson Institute for International Economics and other proponents of demographic structural approach (cliodynamics), the basic problem Egypt has is unemployment driven by a demographic youth bulge: with the number of new people entering the job force at about 4% a year, unemployment in Egypt is almost 10 times as high for college graduates as it is for people who have gone through elementary school, particularly educated urban youth, who comprised most of the people that were seen out in the streets during the Egyptian Revolution of 2011. An estimated 75% of Egyptians are under the age of 25 with just 3% over the age of 65, making it one of the most youthful populations in the world.[3][4]

Population

Egypt has a population of 88.8 million (2015-05-20).[5] According to the OECD/World Bank statistics population growth in Egypt from 1990 to 2008 was 23.7 million and 41%.[6]

Age distribution

Data taken from Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics.[7]

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Percentage Distribution of Population in Censuses (1976,1986,1996,2006) by Age Group

Percentage Distribution of Population in Censuses by Age Group

Age group 2006 1996 1986 1976
0-4 10.6 11.6 15.3 13.9
5-9 10.5 12.9 13.2 12.8
10-14 10.6 13.3 11.6 13.4
15-19 11.8 11.6 10.6 10.9
20-24 10.8 8.6 8.9 8.4
25-29 8.8 7.4 7.7 7.3
30-34 6.5 6.7 6.4 5.8
35-39 6.4 6.5 6.1 5.6
40-44 5.6 5.3 4.4 5.1
45-49 5.1 4.5 4.0 4.2
50-54 4.2 3.4 3.5 4.0
55-59 3.1 2.5 2.6 2.4
60-64 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.7
65-69 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.4
70-74 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.2
75+ 1.0 0.8 0.8 1.0

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Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01/07/2010)

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01/07/2010) :

Age group Male Female % Total
0-4 4,282 4,072 10.6 8,354
5-9 4,265 4,007 10.5 8,272
10-14 4,330 4,023 10.6 8,353
15-19 4,738 4,501 11.7 9,239
20-24 4,358 4,155 10.8 8,513
25-29 3,412 3,498 8.8 6,910
30-34 2,614 2,503 6.5 5,117
35-39 2,498 2,536 6.4 5,034
40-44 2,237 2,186 5.6 4,423
45-49 2,029 1,942 5.0 3,971
50-54 1,668 1,640 4.2 3,308
55-59 1,312 1,136 3.1 2,448
60-64 971 871 2.3 1 842
65-69 693 597 1.6 1 290
70-74 435 419 1.1 854
75+ 408 392 1.0 800
Total 40,250 38,478 100 78,728

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Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01/07/2012)

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01/07/2012) :

Age group Male Female % Total
0-4 4,780 4,410 11.17 9,190
5-9 4,534 4,192 10.60 8,726
10-14 3,970 3,706 9.33 7,676
15-19 3,970 3,746 9.37 7,710
20-24 4,236 4,024 10.04 8,260
25-29 4,084 3,924 9.73 8,008
30-34 3,346 3,249 8.01 6,595
35-39 2,589 2,524 6.21 5,113
40-44 2,262 2,206 5.43 4,468
45-49 2,077 2,037 5.00 4,114
50-54 1,821 1,798 4.40 3,619
55-59 1,494 1,480 3.61 2,974
60-64 1,105 1,113 2.69 2,218
65-69 767 785 1.89 1,552
70-74 501 517 1.24 1,018
75+ 522 536 1.29 1,058
Total 42,058 40,247 100 82,305

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Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01/01/2013)

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01/01/2013) :

Age group Male Female % Total
0-4 4,861 4,481 11.17 9,342
5-9 4,610 4,259 10.60 8,869
10-14 4,038 3,765 9.33 7,803
15-19 4,038 3,805 9.37 7,843
20-24 4,309 4,089 10.04 8,398
25-29 4,152 3,987 9.73 8,139
30-34 3,403 3,300 8.01 6,703
35-39 2,633 2,564 6.21 5,197
40-44 2,300 2,241 5.43 4,541
45-49 2,113 2,069 5.00 4,182
50-54 1,852 1,827 4.40 3,679
55-59 1,519 1,504 3.61 3,023
60-64 1,124 1,130 2.69 2,254
65-69 781 797 1.89 1,578
70-74 510 525 1.24 1,035
75-79 291 303 0.71 594
80+ 239 242 0.57 481
Total 42,773 40,888 100 83,661

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Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01/07/2013)

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01/07/2013):

Age Group Male Female Total %
0-4 4 910 594 4 538 740 9 449 334 11,17
5-9 4 657 900 4 313 848 8 971 748 10,60
10-14 4 079 894 3 812 951 7 892 845 9,33
15-19 4 079 894 3 853 840 7 933 634 9,37
20-24 4 353 289 4 140 279 8 493 568 10,04
25-29 4 195 561 4 037 843 8 233 404 9,73
30-34 3 438 467 3 342 721 6 781 188 8,01
35-39 2 660 343 2 596 487 5 256 830 6,21
40-44 2 323 857 2 269 370 4 593 227 5,43
45-49 2 134 584 2 095 590 4 230 173 5,00
50-54 1 871 704 1 850 252 3 721 956 4,40
55-59 1 535 218 1 523 136 3 058 354 3,61
60-64 1 135 641 1 144 907 2 280 548 2,69
65-69 788 639 807 569 1 596 208 1,89
70-74 515 244 531 564 1 046 809 1,24
75-79 294 425 306 672 601 097 0,71
80+ 241 849 246 108 487 957 0,58
Total 43 217 105 41 411 877 84 628 982 100
Age group Male Female Total Percent
0-14 13 648 388 12 665 539 26 313 927 31,09
15-64 27 728 560 26 854 425 54 582 985 64,50
65+ 1 840 157 1 891 913 3 732 070 4,41

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Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01/07/2014)

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01/07/2014) in thousands:

Age Group Male Female Total %
0-4 5 102 4 728 9 830 11,3
5-9 4 729 4 398 9 127 10,5
10-14 4 225 3 959 8 184 9,4
15-19 4 312 4 077 8 389 9,7
20-24 4 565 4 365 8 930 10,4
25-29 4 280 4 119 8 399 9,7
30-34 3 413 3 319 6 732 7,8
35-39 2 678 2 604 5 282 6,1
40-44 2 391 2 349 4 740 5,5
45-49 2 194 2 156 4 350 5,0
50-54 1 898 1 877 3 775 4,3
55-59 1 547 1 536 3 083 3,6
60-64 1 130 1 131 2 261 2,6
65-69 789 801 1 590 1,8
70-74 515 535 1 050 1,2
75+ 537 555 1 092 1,3
Total 44 305 42 509 86 814 100
Age group Sex ratio Male Female Total Percent
0-14 107.4 14 056 13 085 27 141 31,26
15-39 104.1 19 248 18 484 37 732 43,46
40-64 101.2 9 160 9 049 18 209 20,97
65+ 97.4 1 841 1 891 3 732 4,30

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Household population by age and sex (DHS 2014)

Household population by age and sex (DHS 2014).[8]

Total Population in thousands: 114 428 (Males 56 926, Females 57 501)

Age Group Male (%) Female (%) Total (%)
0-4 14,1 12,6 13,4
5-9 12,1 11,1 11,6
10-14 10,7 9,9 10,3
15-19 9,1 9,0 9,1
20-24 7,8 8,6 8,2
25-29 8,2 9,4 8,8
30-34 7,0 7,7 7,3
35-39 5,9 6,2 6,0
40-44 4,8 5,1 4,9
45-49 4,7 4,7 4,7
50-54 4,2 4,5 4,4
55-59 3,4 3,7 3,5
60-64 3,4 3,3 3,4
65-69 2,0 1,9 1,9
70-74 1,4 1,3 1,3
75-79 0,6 0,5 0,5
80+ 0,5 0,6 0,6
Age group Male (%) Female (%) Total (%)
0-14 36,9 33,6 35,3
15-64 58,6 62,1 60,4
65+ 4,5 4,3 4,3
Recent population growth in Egypt, Data of FAO, year 2005; number of inhabitants in thousands.
Historical populations in thousands
Year Pop. ±% p.a.
1805 4,000 —    
1882 6,712 +0.67%
1897 9,669 +2.46%
1907 11,190 +1.47%
1917 12,718 +1.29%
1927 14,178 +1.09%
1937 15,921 +1.17%
1947 18,967 +1.77%
1960 26,085 +2.48%
1966 30,076 +2.40%
1976 36,626 +1.99%
1986 48,254 +2.80%
1996 59,312 +2.08%
2006 72,798 +2.07%
2013 84,314 +2.12%
Source: Population in Egypt[9]

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01/01/2015):

Age Group Male Female Total %
0-4 5 168 230 4 791 812 9 960 042 11,3
5-9 4 790 338 4 456 493 9 246 831 10,5
10-14 4 279 072 4 013 008 8 292 080 9,4
15-19 4 367 988 4 131 991 8 499 979 9,7
20-24 4 623 621 4 424 043 9 047 664 10,3
25-29 4 334 645 4 175 258 8 509 903 9,7
30-34 3 456 601 3 364 004 6 820 605 7,8
35-39 2 711 932 2 639 282 5 351 214 6,1
40-44 2 422 954 2 379 682 4 802 636 5,5
45-49 2 222 893 2 184 980 4 407 873 5,0
50-54 1 922 803 1 903 745 3 826 548 4,4
55-59 1 567 139 1 557 610 3 124 749 3,6
60-64 1 144 789 1 146 574 2 291 363 2,6
65-69 800 241 811 254 1 611 495 1,8
70-74 522 379 540 837 1 063 216 1,2
75+ 544 608 562 470 1 107 078 1,3
Total 44 880 233 43 083 043 87 963 276 100
Age group Male Female Total Percent
0-14 14 237 640 13 261 313 27 498 953 31,26
15-64 28 775 365 27 907 169 56 682 534 64,44
65+ 1 867 228 1 914 561 3 781 789 4,30

Historical and Present Population Distrubion:

Age group 2015/01/01 2013/07/01 2013/01/01 2012/07/01 2010/07/01 2006 1996 1986 1976
0-14 31.26 (27,498,953) 31.09 (26,313,927) 31.1 (26,014,000) 31.1 (25,592,000) 31.7 (24,979,000) 31.7 37.8 40.1 40
15-64 64.44 (56,682,534) 64.50 (54,582,985) 64.49 (53,959,000) 64.48 (53,085,000) 64.6 (50,805,000) 64.6 58.7 56.6 56.4
65+ 4.30 (3,781,789) 4.41 (3,732,070) 4.41 (3,688,000) 4.42 (3,628,000) 3.7 (2,944,000) 3.7 3.5 3.3 3.6

Egyptians abroad

According to the International Organization for Migration, an estimated 2.7 million Egyptians live abroad and contribute actively to the development of their country through remittances (US$7.8 billion in 2009), circulation of human and social capital, as well as investment. Approximately 70% of Egyptian migrants live in Arab countries (923,600 in Saudi Arabia, 332,600 in Libya, 226,850 in Jordan, 190,550 in Kuwait with the rest elsewhere in the region) and the remaining 30% are living mostly North America (318,000 in the United States, 110,000 in Canada) and Europe (90,000 in Italy).[10]

Urban and Rural Population

Figures from CAPMAS:[11]

Midyear

Population

Urban Population (in thousands) Urban Population (per cent) Rural Population (in thousands) Rural Population (per cent)
1990 51 911 22 519 43.4 29 392 56.6
1991 52 985 22 908 43.2 30 077 56.8
1992 54 082 23 366 43.2 30 716 56.8
1993 55 201 23 804 43.1 31 397 56.9
1994 56 344 24 276 43.1 32 068 56.9
1995 57 642 24 709 42.9 32 933 57.1
1996 58 835 25 053 42.6 33 782 57.4
1997 60 053 25 578 42.6 34 475 57.4
1998 61 296 26 104 42.6 35 192 57.4
1999 62 565 26 559 42.5 36 006 57.5
2000 63 860 27 132 42.5 36 728 57.5
2001 65 182 28 118 43.1 37 064 56.9
2002 66 628 28 554 42.9 38 074 57.1
2003 67 965 29 130 42.9 38 835 57.1
2004 69 304 29 653 42.8 39 651 57.2
2005 70 653 30 187 42.7 40 466 57.3
2006 72 009 30 585 42.5 41 424 57.5
2007 73 644 31 720 43.1 41 924 56.9
2008 75 194 32 249 42.9 42 945 57.1
2009 76 925 33 083 43.0 43 842 57.0
2010 78 685 33 804 43.0 44 881 57.0
2011 80 530 34 489 42.8 46 041 57.2
2012 82 550 35 373 42.9 47 177 57.1
2013 84 629 36 213 42.8 48 416 57.2
2014 86 814 37 095 42.7 49 719 57.3

Future Population Projections

The Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS) has released high/medium/low population projections for 2011-2031 based on Final Results of 2006 Population Census.[11] The 2020 high variant is 92.6 million, the medium - 91.0 million, the low - 90.0 million. The 2030 high variant is 104.4 million, the medium - 101.7 million, the low - 99.8 million. However the information could be misleading as the 2013 population figure of 84.6 million is higher than the projected high of 83 million.

Vital statistics

Vital statistics:[12][13][14][15]

Midyear population (x 1000) Live births Deaths Natural change Crude birth rate (per 1000) Crude death rate (per 1000) Natural change (per 1000) Total fertility rate
1934 15,449 651,663 429,851 221,812 42.2 27.8 14.4
1935 15,624 645,760 412,197 233,563 41.3 26.4 14.9
1936 15,801 698,186 455,832 242,354 44.2 28.8 15.3
1937 16,009 694,086 434,208 259,878 43.4 27.1 16.2
1938 16,300 704,376 429,248 275,128 43.2 26.3 16.9
1939 16,598 696,746 429,033 267,713 42.0 25.8 16.1
1940 16,900 697,700 444,448 253,252 41.3 26.3 15.0
1941 17,208 695,016 440,981 254,035 40.4 25.6 14.8
1942 17,522 658,324 494,358 163,966 37.6 28.2 9.4
1943 17,842 689,771 492,644 197,127 38.7 27.6 11.0
1944 18,167 722,166 472,234 249,932 39.8 26.0 13.8
1945 18,498 787,502 512,003 275,499 42.6 27.7 14.9
1946 18,835 776,000 484,000 292,000 41.2 25.7 15.5
1947 19,197 834,557 408,577 425,980 43.5 21.3 22.2
1948 19,529 832,728 397,976 434,752 42.6 20.4 22.3
1949 19 989 831,310 410,524 420,786 41.6 20.5 21.1
1950 21,514 904,941 388,944 515,997 44.2 19.0 25.2
1951 22,020 934,584 402,158 532,426 44.6 19.2 25.4
1952 22,562 969,443 380,633 588,810 45.2 17.8 27.5
1953 23,138 934,830 429,097 505,733 42.6 19.6 23.0
1954 23,747 957,158 401,306 555,852 42.6 17.9 24.7
1955 24,387 926,500 405,663 520,837 40.3 17.6 22.7
1956 25,057 958,880 384,974 573,906 40.7 16.4 24.4
1957 25,756 914,494 429,512 484,982 38.0 17.8 20.1
1958 26,480 1,013,743 409,197 604,546 41.1 16.6 24.5
1959 27,228 1,078,947 411,188 667,759 42.8 16.3 26.5
1960 27,998 1,113,888 437,822 676,066 43.0 16.9 26.1
1961 28,786 1,166,620 420,158 746,462 43.9 15.8 28.1
1962 29,591 1,125,798 486,699 639,099 41.3 17.9 23.4
1963 30,410 1,196,388 431,673 764,715 42.8 15.4 27.4
1964 31,242 1,205,785 449,375 756,410 42.1 15.7 26.4
1965 32,084 1,220,658 411,636 809,022 41.5 14.0 27.5
1966 32,937 1,234,976 477,021 757,955 41.0 15.8 25.1
1967 33,799 1,210,214 440,161 770,053 39.2 14.2 24.9
1968 34,660 1,206,585 509,430 697,155 38.1 16.1 22.0
1969 35,511 1,197,245 468,017 729,228 36.8 14.4 22.4
1970 36,342 1,161,539 500,626 660,913 34.9 15.0 19.8
1971 37,152 1,186,350 445,192 741,158 34.8 13.1 21.8
1972 37,945 1,187,286 499,628 687,658 34.1 14.3 19.7
1973 38,734 1,259,004 459,816 799,188 35.3 12.9 22.4
1974 39,534 1,287,614 457,620 829,994 35.4 12.6 22.8
1975 40,359 1,331,799 456,041 875,758 36.0 12.3 23.7
1976 41,213 1,378,917 444,228 934,689 36.4 11.7 24.7
1977 42,094 1,447,402 457,558 989,844 37.3 11.8 25.5
1978 43,006 1,479,698 415,605 1,064,093 37.2 10.5 26.8
1979 43 951 1,633,674 444,753 1,188,921 40.0 10.9 29.1
1980 44,932 1,569,247 421,227 1,148,020 37.3 10.0 27.3 5.3
1981 45 946 1,593,698 432,264 1,161,434 36.8 10.0 26.8
1982 46,991 1,601,265 441,621 1,159,644 34.1 9.4 24.7
1983 48,072 1,666,915 412,700 1,254,215 34.7 8.6 26.1
1984 49,190 1,797,206 400,600 1,396,606 36.5 8.1 28.4 4.9
1985 50,347 1,903,022 442,258 1,460,764 37.8 8.8 29.0
1986 51 545 1,907,975 455,888 1,452,087 37.0 8.8 28.2
1987 52 777 1,902,604 466,161 1,436,443 36.0 8.8 27.2
1988 54,011 1,912,765 427,018 1,485,747 35.4 7.9 27.5 4.4
1989 55,207 1,722,934 414,214 1,308,720 31.2 7.5 23.7
1990 51,911 1,687,000 393,250 1,293,750 32.5 7.6 24.9
1991 52,985 1,636,551 391,588 1,244,963 30.9 7.4 23.5 4.1
1992 54,082 1,496,866 382,465 1,114,401 27.7 7.1 20.6
1993 55,201 1,600,549 380,000 1,220,549 29.0 6.9 22.1
1994 56 344 1,610,652 385,296 1,225,356 28.6 6.8 21.7
1995 57,642 1,604,835 384,548 1,220,287 27.8 6.7 21.2 3.6
1996 58 835 1,662,065 379,983 1,282,082 28.2 6.5 21.8
1997 60,053 1,654,695 389,301 1,265,394 27.6 6.5 21.1 3.3
1998 61,296 1,687,252 399,772 1,287,480 27.5 6.5 21.0 3.4
1999 62,565 1,693,025 401,433 1,291,592 27.1 6.4 20.6
2000 63,860 1,751,854 404,699 1,347,155 27.4 6.3 21.1 3.5
2001 65,182 1,741,308 404,531 1,336,777 26.7 6.2 20.5
2002 66,628 1,766,589 424,034 1,342,555 26.5 6.4 20.2
2003 67,965 1,777,418 440,149 1,337,269 26.2 6.5 19.7 3.2
2004 69,304 1,779,500 440,790 1,338,710 25.7 6.4 19.3
2005 70,653 1,800,972 450,646 1,350,326 25.5 6.4 19.1 3.1
2006 72,009 1,853,746 451,863 1,401,883 25.7 6.3 19.5
2007 73,644 1,949,569 450,596 1,498,973 26.5 6.1 20.4
2008 75 194 2,050,704 461,934 1,588,770 27.4 5.9 21.5 3.0
2009 76,925 2,217,409 476,592 1,740,817 28.8 6.2 22.6
2010 78,685 2,261,409 483,385 1,778,024 28.7 6.1 22.6
2011 80,530 2,442,094 493,086 1,949,008 30.3 6.1 24.2
2012 82,550 2,629,769 529,247 2,100,522 31.9 6.4 25.5
2013 84,629 2,622,000 511,000 2,111,000 31.0 6.0 25.0
2014 86,814 2,720,495 531,864 2,188,631 31.3 6.1 25.2 3.5

Source: Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS)[16]

Fertility Rate (The Demographic Health Survey)

Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and CBR (Crude Birth Rate):[17]

Year CBR (Total) TFR (Total) CBR (Urban) TFR (Urban) CBR (Rural) TFR (Rural)
1992 29,7 3,93 (2,7) 23,3 2,92 (2,0) 35,0 4,91 (3,4)
1995 28,0 3,63 (2,6) 23,9 3,01 (2,2) 31,4 4,19 (2,9)
1997 3,3 2,7 3,7
1998 27 3,4 23 2,8 31 3,9
2000 27,8 3,53 (2,9) 24,8 3,09 (2,6) 30,1 3,88 (3,1)
2003 26,3 3,2 (2,5) 21,7 2,6 (2,1) 29,8 3,6 (2,9)
2005 27,1 3,1 (2,3) 23,6 2,7 (2,1) 29,6 3,4 (2,5)
2008 26,6 3,0 (2,4) 23,3 2,7 (2,2) 29,1 3,2 (2,5)
2014 29,1 3,5 (2,8) 23,3 2,9 (2,4) 32,7 3,8 (3,0)

Demographics by Governorate

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Urban and Rural Population of Governorates

Matruh
2
3
16
Giza
7
North
Sinai
South
Sinai


Faiyum
Beni Suef
Minya
Asyut
Sohag
Qena
Luxor
Aswan
Red Sea
New Valley


Data taken from CAPMAS:[18]

Governorate  % Urban Population (2015) Rural Urban
Alexandria 98.8 4,812,186 56,698 4,755,488
Aswan 42.3 1,431,488 826,543 604,945
Asyut 26.5 4,245,215 3,119,112 1,126,103
Beheira 19.5 5,804,262 4,674,346 1,129,916
Beni Suef 23.2 2,856,812 2,193,871 662,941
Cairo 100.0 9,278,441 0 9,278,441
Dakahlia 28.2 5,949,001 4,271,428 1,677,573
Damietta 38.7 1,330,843 815,244 515,599
Faiyum 22.5 3,170,150 2,456,368 713,782
Gharbia 30.0 4,751,865 3,324,630 1,427,235
Giza 58.6 7,585,115 3,138,310 4,446,805
Ismailia 45.4 1,178,641 643,778 534,863
Kafr el-Sheikh 23.1 3,172,753 2,441,246 731,507
Luxor 37.8 1,147,058 713,422 433,636
Matruh 70.6 447,846 131,841 316,005
Minya 18.9 5,156,702 4,183,284 973,418
Monufia 20.6 3,941,293 3,128,460 812,833
New Valley 48.0 225,416 117,180 108,236
North Sinai 60.2 434,781 173,095 261,686
Port Said 100.0 666,599 0 666,599
Qalyubia 44.7 5,105,972 2,825,045 2,280,927
Qena 19.7 3,045,504 2,445,051 600,453
Red Sea 95.1 345,775 17,062 328,713
Sharqia 23.1 6,485,412 4,987,707 1,497,705
Sohag 21.4 4,603,861 3,618,543 985,318
South Sinai 51.1 167,426 81,924 85,502
Suez 100.0 622,859 0 622,859
Total 42.7 87,963,276 50,384,188 37,579,088

Population Density by Governorate

Egyptian Population Density in pre-2013 administrative divisions[needs update]

Data taken from CAPMAS:.[18] Information for population is in thousands, pop density - persons/km2 and area is in km2.

Governorate Population in thousands (2014-07-01) Pop. Density (Inhabited Area) Pop. Density (Total Area) % Inhabited to Total Inhabited Area Total Area
Alexandria 4,761 2,841.5 2,070.0 72.8 1,675.50 2,300.00
Aswan 1,412 13,477.1 22.5 0.2 104.77 62,726.00
Asyut 4,181 2,656.3 161.3 6.1 1,574.00 25,926.00
Beheira 5,720 806.3 582.1 72.2 7,093.84 9,826.00
Beni Suef 2,812 2,053.4 256.7 12.5 1,369.41 10,954.00
Cairo 9,184 48,235.3 2,976.8 6.2 190.40 3,085.12
Dakahlia 5,881 1,662.1 1,662.1 100.0 3,538.23 3,538.23
Damietta 1,316 1,968.7 1,445.7 73.4 668.47 910.26
Faiyum 3,118 1,680.0 513.8 30.6 1,856.00 6,068.00
Gharbia 4,698 2,418.7 2,418.7 100.0 1,942.34 1,942.34
Giza 7,487 6,286.3 567.9 9.0 1,191.00 13,184.00
Ismailia 1,162 229.3 229.3 100.0 5,066.97 5,066.97
Kafr el-Sheikh 3,132 903.5 903.5 100.0 3,466.69 3,466.69
Luxor 1,132 4,992.7 469.8 9.4 226.73 2,409.68
Matruh 437 111.4 2.6 2.4 3,921.40 166,563.00
Minya 5,076 2,104.8 157.3 7.5 2,411.65 32,279.00
Monufia 3,890 1,596.9 1,556.6 97.5 2,435.93 2,499.00
New Valley 222 205.1 0.5 0.2 1,082.24 440,098.00
North Sinai 428 203.7 14.8 7.2 2,100.84 28,992.00
Port Said 660 499.7 490.7 98.2 1,320.68 1,344.96
Qalyubia 5,044 4,702.1 4,486.4 95.4 1,072.72 1,124.28
Qena 3,001 1,724.1 277.9 16.1 1,740.63 10,798.00
Red Sea 341 4,794.0 2.9 0.1 71.13 119,099.13
Sharqia 6,402 1,343.7 1,303.6 97.0 4,764.28 4,911.00
Sohag 4,536 2,845.8 411.5 14.5 1,593.92 11,022.00
South Sinai 166 9.9 5.3 53.7 16,791.00 31,272.00
Suez 615 68.3 68.3 100.0 9,002.21 9,002.21
Total 86,814 1109.1 85.9 7.8 78272.98 1010407.87

Ethnic groups

The vast majority of the population of Egypt consists of ethnic Egyptians. The vast majority of Egyptians are native speakers of modern Egyptian Arabic.

Ethnic minorities in Egypt include the Bedouin Arab tribes of the Sinai Peninsula and the eastern desert, the Berber-speaking community of the Siwa Oasis (Siwis) and the Nubian people clustered along the Nile in the southernmost part of Egypt. There are also sizable minorities of Beja and Dom.

The country was host to many different communities during the colonial period, including Greeks, Italians, Syro-Lebanese, Jews and Armenians, though most either left or were compelled to leave after political developments in the 1950s. The country still hosts some 90,000 refugees and asylum seekers, mostly Palestinians and Sudanese.

The CIA World Factbook lists "Egyptians" as 99.6%, and "other" as 0.4% (2006 census). "Other" refers to people who are not citizens of Egypt, who come to Egypt to work for international companies, diplomats, etc.

Other sources[citation needed] give more detailed statistics, including Bedouins, the Beja (ca. 1 million), the Nubians (ca. 300,000 in 1996), Dom (ca. 230,000 in 1996), Berbers (Siwis) (ca. 5,000).

Languages

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Arabic (official; see also Egyptian Arabic and Sa'idi Arabic); English widely understood as well as French.

Religions

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Religion in Egypt (est. 2014)[19]

  Islam (90%)
  Christianity (10%)

According to the CIA World Factbook, approximately 90% of the population is Muslim and 10% is Christian (5% Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, 5% other Christian). Estimates of the Christian population in Egypt range from 6% to 20%.

[20][21][22]

Education

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The literacy rate in modern Egyptian society is highly debated. Education is free through university and compulsory from ages six through 15, though enforcement may be lax. Rates for primary and secondary education have strengthened in recent years. The vast majority of children enter primary school though a significant number drop out. There are approx. 200,000 primary and secondary schools with some 10 million students, 13 major universities with more than 500,000 students, and 67 teacher colleges. Major universities include Cairo University (100,000 students), Ain Shams University, Alexandria University, the 1,000-year-old Al-Azhar University, one of the world's major centers of Islamic learning and the AUC (American University in Cairo), . The former first lady has created many project towards the advancement of Egyptian education and the efforts to force education to the remaining 7-9% of students who drop out illegally. Child labor is a contributing factor to these dropouts but it is considered a serious crime to work children under the legal age and charges are taken very seriously at this time.

CIA World Factbook demographic statistics

Population pyramid in 2005. Many of those 30 and younger are educated citizens who are experiencing difficulty finding work.

The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.

Infant mortality rate

22.41 deaths/1,000 live births (2014 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 73.45 years
male: 70.82 years
female: 76.2 years (2014 est.)

Nationality

noun: Egyptian(s)
adjective: Egyptian

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 73.85%
male: 82.1% (2015 est.)[3]
female: 65.6% (2015 est.)[4],

Genetics

Y-Chromosome

Listed here are the human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups in Egypt.[24]

Haplogroup n A B E1a E1b1a E1b1b1 E1b1b1a E1b1b1a1 E1b1b1a1b E1b1b1a2 E1b1b1a3 E1b1b1a4 E1b1b1b E1b1b1c F G I J1 J2 K L O P,R Q R1a R1b1a R1b1b R2 T
Marker M33 M2 M35 M78 V12 V32 V13 V22 V65 M81 M34 M89 M201 V88 M269 M70
Egypt 370 1.35 - 0.54 2.43 3.24 0.81 7.03 1.62 0.81 9.19 2.43 11.89 6.76 1.08 5.68 0.54 20.81 6.75 0.27 0.81 0.27 0.54 0.27 2.16 2.97 2.97 0.54 6.22

See also

References

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  3. Korotayev A., Zinkina J. Egyptian Revolution: A Demographic Structural Analysis. Entelequia. Revista Interdisciplinar 13 (2011): 139-169.
  4. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  6. CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion Population 1971-2008 (pdf pages 83-85) IEA (OECD/ World Bank) original population ref e.g. in IEA Key World Energy Statistics 2010 page 57)
  7. http://www.capmas.gov.eg/pdf/EgyptInFigure/EgyptinFigures/Tables/English/pop/population/index.html
  8. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. IOM Migration and Development in Egypt Facts and Figures
  11. 11.0 11.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. [1] United nations. Demographic Yearbooks
  13. [2] Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics
  14. http://www.dhsprogram.com/publications/publication-PR54-Preliminary-Reports-Key-Indicator-Reports.cfm
  15. http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2013.htm
  16. CAPMAS - Vital Statistics
  17. http://www.dhsprogram.com/What-We-Do/Survey-Search.cfm
  18. 18.0 18.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. International Religious Freedom Report for 2014 US Department of State
  20. International Religious Freedom Report 2006 - Egypt
  21. 21.0 21.1 International Religious Freedom Report 2007 - Egypt
  22. CIA World Factbook - Egypt
  23. 23.0 23.1 https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/eg.html
  24. Bekada A, Fregel R, Cabrera VM, Larruga JM, Pestano J, et al. (2013) Introducing the Algerian Mitochondrial DNA and Y-Chromosome Profiles into the North African Landscape. PLoS ONE 8(2): e56775. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056775

External links