Dongfeng Motor

From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
(Redirected from Dongfeng Motor Corporation)
Jump to: navigation, search
Dongfeng Motor Corporation
Public (SEHK: 0489, SSE: 600006)
Industry Automotive
Founded 1969
Headquarters Wuhan, Hubei, China
Key people
 Zhu Yanfeng (Chairman)[1]
Products Passenger cars
Commercial vehicles
Buses
Automotive components
Revenue US$62.9 billion (2012)[2]
US$1.3 billion (2012)[2]
Number of employees
 161,377 (2012)[2]
Subsidiaries Dongfeng Automobile Company
Dongfeng Motor Group Company Limited (66.86%)[3]
Website www.dfmc.com.cn
Dongfeng Motor
Simplified Chinese 东风汽车公司
Traditional Chinese 東風汽車公司
Literal meaning Dongfeng Motor Corporation

Dongfeng Motor Corporation is a Chinese state-owned automobile manufacturer headquartered in Wuhan, China. Traditionally one of the "Big Three" Chinese automakers,[4] Dongfeng is currently in the top four along with Chang'an Motors, FAW Group, and SAIC Motor.[5]

In addition to commercial and consumer vehicles, it also manufactures parts and cooperates with foreign companies. Counting six global automakers as partners, it has more Sino-foreign joint ventures than any other Chinese carmaker. These partnerships allow it to produce and sell a variety of foreign-branded products in China including those of Citroën, Honda, Kia, Nissan, Peugeot, and Renault. Other brand names associated with Dongfeng include Fengshen, Infiniti, Luxgen, and Venucia. Heavy-duty commercial vehicles and buses are sold under the eponymous Dongfeng brand.

The company was the second-largest Chinese vehicle maker in 2014 by production volume manufacturing over 3.5 million whole vehicles that year. Commercial vehicle production was higher than all other domestic manufacturers at nearly 450,000.[6]

Dongfeng has two listed subsidiaries—Dongfeng Motor Group Co (SEHK: 0489) (东风汽车集团股份有限公司, abbr. 东风集团股份)[7] and Dongfeng Automobile Co Ltd (SSE: 600006) (东风汽车股份有限公司).[8]

Dongfeng is sponsoring the Chinese entry for the 2014–2015 Volvo Ocean Race, round-the-world sailing race.

<templatestyles src="Template:TOC limit/styles.css" />

History

1969 to 2000

Tibet

Known as Second Automobile Works (第二汽车制造厂) until 1992,[9] Dongfeng, or "East Wind" in Chinese, was founded in 1969.[4] Its origins lie in a dictate of Chairman Mao Zedong; as part of his "Third Front" strategy, its far inland location in Hubei Province was meant to protect it from foreign invasion.[4] Traditionally manufacturing commercial vehicles, by 2001 these made up about 73% of Dongfeng's production.[10] By 2012 that figure had reversed, and 73% of manufactures were passenger cars.[11] However, the percentage of consumer offerings was likely lower as passenger car counts may include microvans, tiny commercial vehicles that are popular in China.

Between 1978-1985[12] alongside the market-based Chinese economic reforms instituted by Deng Xiaoping, Dongfeng was transformed from a manufacturer of two heavy-duty trucks[4] with fragmented operations and ownership into a single, centrally managed enterprise.[12] This process included placing all Dongfeng operations—from part manufacture to vehicle assembly—under the control of a single business entity and the merger of six truck production bases as well as a number of other companies previously controlled by provincial governments.[13] Post-1985, further reforms that allowed Dongfeng greater autonomy took place; the company was removed from the direct administrative control of the central government.[13]

By the mid-1980s its assets had tripled from those initially given to it by the state in 1981, and management was desirous of even greater production capacity.[14] But in 1995 the company was experiencing financial difficulties as was the case with many Chinese automobile manufacturers at this time.[15] The situation was still dire in 1998 precipitating a 1999 restructuring of the company.[4]

The Chinese partner in many Sino-foreign joint venture companies, Dongfeng initiated most of these cooperative efforts with foreign firms in the early 2000s. But its first was established in 1992 with French PSA Group. Known as Dongfeng Citroën Automobile Company (DCAC), it was the forerunner to the current Dongfeng Peugeot-Citroën Automobile Limited (DPCA).[16]

2000 to 2010

Dongfeng Rich

By 2003 Dongfeng had established joint ventures with Kia Motors (Dongfeng Yueda Kia Automobile Company, 2002[17]), Honda (Dongfeng Honda Automobile, 2003[18]), and Nissan (Dongfeng Motor Company, 2003[19]). As of 2011 it had more Sino-foreign joint ventures than any other Chinese automaker,[4] and the 2013 creation of a partnership with French Renault means it retains this title today.

In 2009, it sold 1.9 million vehicles[20] ranking second among domestic automakers[21] and third overall.[5]

This state owned enterprise[22] has come into conflict with authority at both the national and provincial levels.[23] Alongside First Automobile Works it saw the successful dismantling of the Automobile Corporation, a central government entity presumably tasked with preventing non-competitive business practices through dictating output volumes and curtailing purchasing, as well as exasperation at the right of the State to make managerial appointments.[14]

2010 to present

A Dongfeng-built Nissan Tiida

At the 2010 Beijing Auto Show Dongfeng showed an electric vehicle concept car, a physical representation of its vow to bring an electric car to market by 2015. China subsidies oil, an incentive for the State to spur alternative energy vehicle development, and Chinese automakers see opportunities in less mature electric vehicles because Western companies have yet to develop much of a lead in the technology.[24]

In 2010, the company sold 2.72 million units,[25] making it the second most-productive Chinese vehicle-maker.[26] It reported 1.72 million sales of passenger vehicles that same year.[27]

2011 production figures put the company in second place, in terms of production volume, in its home market; Dongfeng produced 3.06 million vehicles that year.[28]

It was the second-largest Chinese automaker in 2012 by production volume, and Dongfeng manufactured over 2.76 million whole vehicles that year with passenger cars comprising 73% of manufacture.[11] The number of cars counted as passenger vehicles may conflate consumer offerings and tiny commercial trucks and vans known as microvans, however.

Dongfeng established its first research and development facility outside of China in October 2012, when it acquired a 70 percent stake in the Swedish engineering company T Engineering AB.[29]

In January 2013 Dongfeng and the Sweden-based Volvo agreed to form a China-based medium- and heavy-duty truck manufacturing joint venture called Dongfeng Commercial Vehicles, to be owned 55% by Dongfeng Motor and 45% by Volvo.[30][31] As part of the transaction Volvo will pay 5.6 billion yuan (US$900 million) to Dongfeng, Dongfeng will contribute the bulk of its China-based medium- and heavy-duty truck manufacturing activities to the venture, and Dongfeng will buy out Nissan Motors from its existing joint venture in medium- and heavy-duty trucks with the Japanese company.[30][31]

In December 2013 Dongfeng and the French automaker Renault agreed to form a 50:50 joint venture, Dongfeng Renault Automotive Co Ltd., to manufacture Renault brand passenger cars for the Chinese market.[32] The two partners agreed to invest an initial 7.76 billion yuan (US$1.27 billion) in the venture, which became Dongfeng's sixth joint venture with a foreign automaker, the most of any Chinese automaker.[33]

In February 2014, loss making PSA Peugeot Citroën, a joint venture partner of Dongfeng since 1992, was recapitalized, with Dongfeng taking a major stake in the French firm [34] [35]

Products

Dongfeng sells vehicles under the following brand names:[36]

  • Dongfeng - mini cars, pick-up trucks
  • Dongfeng Bus - buses and coaches
  • Dongfeng Fengxing - MPVs
  • Dongfeng U-Vane - light commercial vehicles
  • Fengshen - passenger cars
A Dongfeng truck 
A Dongfeng KM6603PA bus 
A Dongfeng microvan 
A Dongfeng Fengxing Jingyi Cross 
A Fengshen A60 
A Fengshen H30 
A Fengshen H30 Cross 
A Fengshen S30 
A Fengshen AX7 
A Fengshen L60 

Fengshen

<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>

Main article: Fengshen

2009 saw the release of an own-branded sedan, the Fengshen S30.[37] Dongfeng-made passenger vehicles were, until the S30, all made by Chinese-foreign joint ventures and carried foreign brand names. These JVs continue to produce the great majority of its passenger products as of 2010.[37]

Own-brand models include a hatchback as well, the Fengshen H30.[37]

Joint ventures

Dongfeng is the Chinese partner in many joint ventures that make trucks and cars.

Cummins

A subsidiary of Dongfeng subsidiary Dongfeng Automobile Co Ltd,[38] Dongfeng Cummins Engine Co Ltd is a joint venture with American engine-maker Cummins that was established in 1995[39] and manufactures truck engines,[40] etc.

Dana

Dongfeng established its joint venture with American parts-maker Dana Holding Corporation, Dongfeng Dana Axle Co, c. 2005.[41] As of 2011, Dana and Dongfeng both have 50% ownership of this joint venture.[42]

Dongfeng Honda

<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>

Main article: Dongfeng Honda
A Honda CR-V made by Dongfeng Honda

Based in Wuhan, Hubei province,[43] Dongfeng Honda Automobile Company was established in 2003[43] and manufactures Honda-branded SUVs and automobiles for the Chinese market.[44] Products produced by this joint venture with Honda[44] include the Honda Civic,[44] the CR-V and the Spirior.[45] As of early 2011, some offerings may incorporate Japanese-made parts.[46] Dongfeng also owns 10% of Honda's auto plant dedicated for export in Guangdong Province, Honda Automobile (China) Company.[citation needed]

In 2010, its model line included what was China's best-selling SUV that year, the CR-V.[47] Other Honda-branded models sold in China are made by Guangqi Honda Automobile (of the Guangzhou Automobile Group), but in 2004 Honda made an agreement that allowed it to sell Dongfeng-built CR-Vs through Guangzhou's showrooms.[48]

Dongfeng Nissan

Nissan and Dongfeng have a long-standing relationship. Early on, the Chinese company produced diesel-powered Nissan trucks built from complete knock-down kits, and Nissan lent Dongfeng technical assistance.[49] When the Chinese State began allowing foreign automakers access to its market though joint ventures with Chinese companies, Nissan chose Dongfeng.[citation needed] It remains the only Chinese partner of Nissan[50] although each foreign automaker is allowed two.[51]

Dongfeng Motor Company

<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>

Main article: Dongfeng Motor Company
A Nissan Teana II made by Dongfeng Motor Company

Established in 2002[10] Dongfeng Motor Co Ltd began operating in July 2003.[52] Nissan hold 50% ownership[53] in this maker of heavy trucks, light commercial vehicles, and passenger cars.[54] Heavy-duty trucks and buses exclusively carry the Dongfeng brand name,[53] light-duty trucks use both the Nissan and Dongfeng names,[54] and consumer offerings are Nissan products with small changes to make them better appeal to the Chinese buyer.[53] While the great majority of passenger cars retain the Nissan name, a small number sell under the brand name Venucia.

A few of its Dongfeng-branded light commercial vehicles have been exported to Afghanistan, Pakistan, Africa, and the Middle East.[55]

Infiniti

Infiniti-branded vehicles are most probably imported as of 2006,[56] but it was reported in 2013 that some production may be moved to China in the future.[57]

Venucia

<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>

Main article: Venucia

A Dongfeng/Nissan own brand with cheaper offerings and ties to a famous-name foreign automaker that are attractive to the less-affluent inland city consumer,[58] Venucia (Qi Chen) launched its first models in 2012.[59]

The name is derived from that of the Roman goddess of beauty, Venus.[60]

Other Nissan joint ventures

Dongfeng Rich (Rui Qi in Chinese)

Other joint ventures include Dongfeng Nissan Passenger Vehicle Co, a unit of Dongfeng Motor Company[61] that makes automobiles for the domestic market and has exported to Egypt.[62] Another unit of Dongfeng Motor Company, Zhengzhou Nissan Automobile Co, manufactures light commercial vehicles.[63] Most Zhengzhou products are sold under the Dongfeng brand, such as the Dongfeng Rich (Rui Qi),[64] a reworked Nissan D22.[65]

Dongfeng Peugeot-Citroën

<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>

Main article: Dongfeng Peugeot-Citroën Automobile
A Dongfeng Citroën C5

Dong Feng Peugeot Citroën Automobile Company is a joint venture with PSA Peugeot-Citroën set up in 1992 and based in Wuhan, capital of Hubei province.[66]

Currently selling a range of Peugeot and Citroën models, its first offering was a hatchback built from semi-complete knock-down kits, the ZX Fukang. Its first Peugeot-branded product was introduced in 2004.[67]

Some of the engines made by this joint venture are used in other Dongfeng passenger car products the Fengshen S30 and H30, for example.[68]

Dongfeng Renault

<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>

Main article: Dongfeng Renault

Created in late 2013, Dongfeng Renault Automotive Co Ltd. plans to produce 150,000 whole vehicles per year at an as-yet-unbuilt production base in China.[69] This facility may become operational as early as 2016.[33]

Dongfeng Yueda Kia

<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>

Main article: Dongfeng Yueda Kia
A Kia K5 made by Dongfeng Yueda Kia

A joint venture with the Korean Kia Motors, Dongfeng Yueda Kia Automobile Co is based in Yancheng, Jiangsu province and produces Kia-branded automobiles for the Chinese market.[51]

While Kia car assembly began at a non-Dongfeng affiliated company[citation needed] with the Kia Pride in 1997 at Jiangsu Yueda Auto Works, an equally owned partnership (Yueda Kia Motors) was formed in 1999, and Dongfeng took over half of Jiangsu Yueda's ownership of that in March 2002.[70] Kia has a 50% share while Dongfeng and Jiangsu Yueda Investment Co Ltd (SSE: 600805) each hold 25% ownership.[71]

In 2010 its Sportage was the 8th most-purchased SUV in China.[47]

The company has two production bases in China.[72]

Dongfeng Yulon

<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>

Main article: Dongfeng Yulon
A Luxgen 7

An equally owned joint venture with Taiwanese automaker Yulon Motors, Dongfeng Yulon[73] (or Dongfeng Luxgen[74] or Dongfeng Yulong[75]), was set up in 2009[76] and will manufacture Yulon's Luxgen models in China after the completion of a planned production base in the Hangzhou Xiaoshan Linjiang Industrial Zone in 2011.[73] The cars will be sold in China[77] and production capacity will initially be 240,000 units/year.[78] 120,000 of these units are vehicles and the other half, engines.[79]

As of late 2010, 35 out of a planned 60 sales outlets have signed on to sell the Taiwanese cars. This JV is Dongfeng's second try at a cooperation with this Taiwanese company.[73]

Dongvo (Hangzhou) Truck Company

<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>

Main article: Dongvo (Hangzhou) Truck Company

Formerly called Dongfeng Nissan-Diesel Company, Dongvo is a joint venture between Volvo's UD Trucks and Dongfeng established in 1996.[80] It has facilities at Hangzhou.[80]

Production bases and facilities

Originating from Hubei province, Dongfeng now has sites throughout China.

Dongfeng sites

Its first production base for passenger vehicle manufacture is in Wuhan, capital of Hubei province, and the second, in the city of Wenzhou, Zhejiang province.[15] Some commercial vehicles are most likely made in the city of Shiyan, Hubei province,[citation needed] as it is the home to a Dongfeng commercial vehicle division.[81]

Joint venture sites

Joint venture sites are located all over China.

Wuhan

Dongfeng has multiple production bases in Wuhan, capital of Hubei province.[82] Two[82] are for its joint ventures with Honda, one of which should see completion in 2012,[83] and another two are for its joint venture with PSA Peugeot Citroën.[66] A third Wuhan base for this latter joint venture is planned.[84]

Xiangfan

Various sites in Xiangfan, Hebei province, produce Cummins truck engines,[15] Thomson International thermostats,[49] disc brakes in cooperation with the Hebei Asbestos Product Mill and the Italian ALA,[49] powertrains for its joint venture with PSA Peugeot Citroën,[66] light commercial vehicles for a joint venture with Nissan,[50] and cars.[50]

Shiyan

A Nissan joint venture engine production base in Shiyan, Hubei province, produces diesel engines, and other sites here produce auto parts,.[50]

Zhengzhou

A joint venture with Nissan has a production base, Zhengzhou Light Truck plant, in Zhengzhou, capital of Henan province.[50] In 2010, this was joined by a second, increasing production capacity by 120,000 units/year.[85] Production capacity figures may consider engines and vehicles as discrete.

Guangzhou

A passenger-car production base[86] and technical center[87] in Guangzhou, Guangdong province,[86] is part of both the Nissan joint venture Dongfeng Motor Co[10] and a unit of that joint venture,[61] Dongfeng Nissan Passenger Vehicle Co.[88]

Another Guangzhou production base manufactures Nissan engines.[89] Yet another produces engines for the Dongfeng-Honda joint venture.[48]

A Huadu District, Guangzhou city, Guangdong province, production base is under construction as of late 2010.[85] It will have a 240,000 units/year production capacity,[85] but these may be engines not vehicles. It could be the large-scale vehicle production base currently being built that will expand Dongfeng-nissan local production capacity in this area to 600,000 units/year.[68]

Jiangsu province

Its joint venture with Kia has two production bases the newer located in the Yancheng Economic Development Zone of Jiangsu province.[71]

Shanghai

An R&D center in Shanghai,[66] the China Tech Center, is wholly owned by PSA Peugeot Citroën[84] but lends assistance to Dongfeng's joint venture with this French automaker.

Overseas activities

Dongfeng is involved in a number of ventures in foreign countries, including Indonesia, Malaysia and Myanmar.[90]

Philippines

<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>

Main article: Dong Feng Motor Philippines

China Dong Feng Motor Distributors, Inc. Philippines is the sole manufacture/distributor of Dong Feng brand in Philippines.[citation needed]

The main business are sales of the Dongfeng series light commercial vehicles, Dongfeng Cummins engines parts, mini-vans, the Special Purpose Vehicle series, pickups, buses, tractor heads and dump trucks etc.[citation needed]

Vietnam

A Dongfeng company, Dongfeng Liuzhou Motor Co Ltd, sells in Vietnam.[90]

Paraguay

A Dongfeng subsidiary, Zhengzhou Nissan Automobile, in early 2011 signed a deal with AM Reguera, a Paraguayan company that assembles automobiles and makes appliances, for the manufacture of pick-up trucks scheduled to start in 2012 after construction of a production base in Capiatá.[91]

United Kingdom

Small, Dongfeng-branded commercial vans are sold in the UK by importer Vestatec.[92] Sales started in 2011, and the vehicles are sold through dealerships.[93]

References

  1. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 New policy to encourage China's carmaker consolidation xinhuanet.com, 2010-02-22 10:27:20
  6. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 NISSAN AND DONGFENG TO ESTABLISH THE MOST COMPREHENSIVE PARTNERSHIP IN COMMERCIAL AND PASSENGER VEHICLE OPERATIONS IN CHINA Nissan Official Site, September 19, 2002
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ Kia to build a second plant in China kiamotors.com, 2004-05-14
  18. ↑ Dongfeng Honda Automobile Co., Ltd. Honda Official Site
  19. ↑ General Introduction to Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd. Dongfeng Motor Co Official Site
  20. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  21. ↑ UPDATE 2-Incentives boost China's SAIC Feb auto sales 45 pct reuters.com, Mon Mar 8, 2010 10:09pm EST
  22. ↑ Outpacing its green due, China pursues leadership in new energy solutions xinhuanet.com, 2009-07-21
  23. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  24. ↑ For China's oil subsidy, see China's fuel subsidy costs the world reuters.com, Wed Jun 4, 2008 8:08am EDT
  25. ↑ China Car Market 101: Who Makes All Those 18 Million Cars? thetruthaboutcars.com, January 19, 2011
  26. ↑ Sales surge, but congestion concerns rise people.com.cn, November 15, 2010
  27. ↑ Dongfeng hits 2010 target 40 days early chinadaily.com.cn, 2010-11-29
  28. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  29. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  32. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  34. ↑ "PSA Peugeot Citroën announces major business and financial projects for the development and growth of the Group" 19 Feb 2014
  35. ↑ http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/7bc33a6a-98ad-11e3-8503-00144feab7de.html#axzz3T1a96CGy
  36. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 37.2 Dongfeng offering own-brand sedans chinadaily.com.cn, 2010-02-08
  38. ↑ Introduction Dongfeng Automobile Co Ltd Official Site
  39. ↑ How Cummins Does It: The engine maker runs different game plans in India and China businessweek.com, AUGUST 22, 2005
  40. ↑ Introduction Dongfeng Automobile Co. Ltd. Official Site
  41. ↑ COMPANY NEWS; DANA FORMS VENTURE WITH DONGFENG MOTOR OF CHINA nytimes.com, March 11, 2005
  42. ↑ Dana Expands Its Control in Two Ventures in China, India wsj.com, JULY 6, 2011, 1:25 A.M. ET
  43. ↑ 43.0 43.1 Dongfeng Honda Automobile Co., Ltd. Honda Official Site
  44. ↑ 44.0 44.1 44.2 Honda takes Civic to China. By: Webb, Alysha. Automotive News, 3/27/2006, Vol. 80, Issue 6195
  45. ↑ Dongfeng Honda's new CR-V goes on sale in Guangzhou. China Business News. Shanghai: Mar 15, 2010.
  46. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  47. ↑ 47.0 47.1 Top 10 Best-Selling Sedans and SUVs in 2010 chinaautoweb.com, January 14, 2011
  48. ↑ 48.0 48.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  49. ↑ 49.0 49.1 49.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  50. ↑ 50.0 50.1 50.2 50.3 50.4 "Nissan's China Business" Nissan Official Site, May 2009
  51. ↑ 51.0 51.1 Dongfeng Motor Corp. By: Treece, James B. Automotive News, 5/14/2007 Supplement, Vol. 81
  52. ↑ The English Translation of the "Yukashoken-Houkokusho" for the year ended March 31, 2006, Page 4 Nissan Official Site,
  53. ↑ 53.0 53.1 53.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  54. ↑ 54.0 54.1 PDF file of a 04-07 Mid-term Plan Presentation Nissan Official Site, June 16th, 2008
  55. ↑ China section of Nissan Annual Report, 2006-07 Nissan Official Site
  56. ↑ NISSAN AND DONGFENG TO SET UP CHINA AUTO FINANCE COMPANY Nissan Official Site, August 30, 2006
  57. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  58. ↑ AUTOSHOW-China joint venture brands eye growth in inland cities reuters.com, Mon Dec 20, 2010 5:44am EST
  59. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
    • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  60. ↑ Dongfeng Nissan unveils a new brand for China Nissan Official Site, September 8, 2010
  61. ↑ 61.0 61.1 DONGFENG NISSAN RELEASES NEW TEANA IN CHINA Nissan Official Site, Apr 20, 2006
  62. ↑ DONGFENG NISSAN PRODUCES ONE MILLIONTH VEHICLE IN CHINA Nissan Official Site, September 19, 2008
  63. ↑ ZHENGZHOU NISSAN LAUNCHES HIGH-END LCV NT400 CABSTAR IN CHINA Nissan Official Site, November 12, 2009
  64. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  65. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  66. ↑ 66.0 66.1 66.2 66.3 China Division: PSA Peugeot Citroën in China; NEWS KIT PSA Peugeot Citroën Official Site, April 2010
  67. ↑ China Division: PSA Peugeot Citroën in China, p. 4
  68. ↑ 68.0 68.1 Dongfeng sales continue surge chinadaily.com.cn, 2010-06-28
  69. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  70. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  71. ↑ 71.0 71.1 Dongfeng Yueda Kia Says 2nd Factory to Start Production Soon. SinoCast China Business Daily News. London (UK): Aug 6, 2007.
  72. ↑ Hyundai lines up slew of new models, ups forecast chinadaily.com.cn, 2010-01-05
  73. ↑ 73.0 73.1 73.2 Cross-Straits partnership links Dongfeng and Yulon chinadaily.com.cn, 2010-12-20
  74. ↑ Dongfeng-Luxgen formally announce JV partnership chinacartimes.com, December 14, 2010
  75. ↑ Leading car makers across Taiwan Strait set up JV chinadaily.com.cn, 2010-12-15
  76. ↑ Prospect of Chinese sales drives Yulon Motor shares up taipeitimes.com, Tue, Sep 07, 2010
  77. ↑ Yulon’s LuxGen heading to China taipeitimes.com, Wed, Feb 17, 2010
  78. ↑ Leading car makers across Taiwan Strait set up JV chinadaily.com.cn, 2010-12-15
  79. ↑ Dongfeng forges JV with Taiwan carmaker chinadaily.com.cn, 2010-10-11
  80. ↑ 80.0 80.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  81. ↑ China's auto industry not overheated, analysts say chinadaily.com.cn, 2010-10-18
  82. ↑ 82.0 82.1 Honda to build 168 mln USD new plant in China xinhuanet.com, 2010-01-21 00:11:20
  83. ↑ Honda says JV with Dongfeng to build new China plant reuter.com, Wed Jan 20, 2010 1:18am EST
  84. ↑ 84.0 84.1 Peugeot sees China driving its brand chinadaily.com.cn, 2010-10-29
  85. ↑ 85.0 85.1 85.2 Ready consumer cash fueling robust sales chinadaily.com.cn, 2010-10-25
  86. ↑ 86.0 86.1 Dongfeng Motor Company Passenger Vehicle's Guangzhou Huadu Plant Goes into Operation Nissan Official Site, May 18, 2004
  87. ↑ DONGFENG MOTOR COMPLETES NEW DONGFENG NISSAN TECHNICAL CENTER Nissan Official Site, March 20, 2006
  88. ↑ DONGFENG MOTOR CO., LTD. ANNOUNCES THE EXPANSION OF HUADU PLANT IN GUANGZHOU Nissan Official Site, July 29, 2009
  89. ↑
  90. ↑ 90.0 90.1 China, ASEAN in creation of win-win situation chinadaily.com.cn, 2010-10-29
  91. ↑ AM Reguera fabricará desde el 2012 camionetas en Capiatá ultimahora.com, Monday, February 21, 2011 (Translated)
  92. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  93. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

Retrieved from "https://infogalactic.com/w/index.php?title=Dongfeng_Motor&oldid=4965332"