Dorzolamide

Dorzolamide

Systematic (IUPAC) name
(4S,6S)-2-ethylamino-4-methyl-5,5-dioxo- 5λ6,7-dithiabicyclo[4.3.0]nona-8,10-diene-8-sulfonamide
Clinical data
Trade names	Trusopt
AHFS/Drugs.com	monograph
MedlinePlus	a602022
Pregnancy category	US: C (Risk not ruled out)
Legal status	US: ℞-only
Routes of administration	Topical (eye drops)
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding	~33%
Biological half-life	4 months
Identifiers
CAS Number	130693-82-2 N Template:CAS
ATC code	S01EC03 (WHO)
PubChem	CID: 5284549
IUPHAR/BPS	6810
DrugBank	DB00869 Y
ChemSpider	4447604 Y
UNII	9JDX055TW1 Y
KEGG	D07871 N
ChEBI	CHEBI:4702 Y
ChEMBL	CHEMBL218490 Y
Chemical data
Formula	C10H16N2O4S3
Molecular mass	324.443 g/mol
SMILES CCNC1CC(C)S(=O)(=O)c2sc(cc12)S(=O)(=O)N
InChI InChI=1S/C10H16N2O4S3/c1-3-12-8-4-6(2)18(13,14)10-7(8)5-9(17-10)19(11,15)16/h5-6,8,12H,3-4H2,1-2H3,(H2,11,15,16)/t6-,8-/m0/s1 Y Key:IAVUPMFITXYVAF-XPUUQOCRSA-N Y
NY (what is this?)  (verify)

Dorzolamide (trade name Trusopt) is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. It is an anti-glaucoma agent, and acts by decreasing the production of aqueous humour. It is administered as a topical ophthalmic in the form of a 2% solution.

History

This drug, developed by Merck, was the first drug in human therapy (market introduction 1995) which resulted from structure-based drug design. It was developed to circumvent the systemic side effects of acetazolamide which has to be taken orally.

Uses

Dorzolamide hydrochloride is used to lower increased intraocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.

Pharmacodynamics

It lowers IOP by about 20%.

Side effects

Ocular stinging, burning, itching and bitter taste. it causes shallowing of the anterior chamber and leads to transient myopia.