Bulawayo

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Bulawayo
koBulawayo
City
View of Bulawayo's Central Business District (CBD) from Pioneer House by Prince Phumulani Nyoni. The CBD is 5.4 square kilometres and is in a grid pattern with 17 avenues and 11 streets
View of Bulawayo's Central Business District (CBD) from Pioneer House by Prince Phumulani Nyoni. The CBD is 5.4 square kilometres and is in a grid pattern with 17 avenues and 11 streets
Flag of Bulawayo
Flag		 Coat of arms of Bulawayo
Coat of arms
Nickname(s): 'City of Kings', 'Skies', 'Bluez' or 'Bulliesberg'
Motto: Si Ye Phambili
Location in the Bulawayo Province
Location in the Bulawayo Province
Bulawayo is located in Zimbabwe
Bulawayo
Bulawayo
Location in the Bulawayo Province
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Country Zimbabwe
Province Bulawayo
District City of Bulawayo
Settled 1840
Incorporated (town) 1897
Incorporated (city) 1943
Divisions
 		 4 Districts, 29 Wards, 156 Suburbs
Government
 • Type Provincial Municipality
 • Mayor Martin Moyo
Area
 • City 1,706.8 km2 (659.0 sq mi)
 • Water 129.3 km2 (49.9 sq mi)
 • Urban 993.5 km2 (383.6 sq mi)
 • Metro 1,706.8 km2 (659.0 sq mi)
Elevation[1] 1,358 m (4,455 ft)
Population (2012 census)
 • City 653,337
 • Density 380/km2 (990/sq mi)
 • Urban 655,675
 • Urban density 2,305/km2 (5,970/sq mi)
Time zone SAST (UTC+2)
 • Summer (DST) not observed (UTC+2)
Area code(s) 9
Climate Cwa
Website citybyo.co.zw

Bulawayo is the second-largest city in Zimbabwe after the capital Harare, with, as of the 2012 census, a population of 653,337.[2] It is located in Matabeleland, 439 km (273 mi) southwest of Harare, and is now treated as a separate provincial area from Matabeleland. The capital of Matabeleland North is now Lupane, as Bulawayo is a stand-alone province.

Colloquially Bulawayo is also known by various names, these being the 'City of Kings', 'Skies', 'Bluez', 'Bulliesberg' or 'KoNtuthu ziyathunqa' – a isiNdebele phrase for "a place that continually exudes smoke". This name arose from the city's historically large industrial base.[3] The majority of the Bulawayo's population belongs to the Ndebele ethnic and language group.

For a long time in Zimbabwe's history Bulawayo was regarded as the industrial centre of Zimbabwe and the city served as the hub to the country's rail network with the National Railways of Zimbabwe headquartered there because of its strategic position near Botswana and South Africa.[3] It is the nearest large city to Hwange National Park, Matobo National Park and Victoria Falls.

History

Inhabitant of Bulawayo, 1890
Bulawayo Scouts in 1893

The city was founded by the Ndebele king, Lobengula the son of King Mzilikazi kaMatshobana who settled in modern-day Zimbabwe around the 1840s after the Ndebele people's great trek from Zululand. The name Bulawayo comes from the isiNdebele word KoBulawayo meaning 'a place where he is being killed.' It is thought that at the time of the formation of the city, there was a civil war and a group of Ndebeles not aligned to Prince Lobengula were fighting him as they felt he was not the heir to the throne, hence he gave his capital the name 'where he (the prince) is being killed'. It is said that when King Lobengula named the place "KoBulawayo" his generals asked "who is being killed mtanenkosi (prince)?" and he replied "Yimi umntwanenkosi engibulawayo", meaning "its me the prince who is being killed". At the time Lobengula was just a prince fighting to ascend his father's (Mzilikazi) throne. It was common at the time for people to refer to Bulawayo as "KoBulawayo UmntwaneNkosi" "a place where they are fighting or rising against the prince". The name Bulawayo is imported from Nguniland which is a place once occupied by the Khumalo people. The place still exists and it is next to Richards Bay.[citation needed]

In the 1860s the city was further influenced by European intrigue and many colonial powers cast covetous eyes on Bulawayo and the land surrounding it. Britain made skilful use of private initiative in the shape of Cecil Rhodes and the Chartered Company to disarm the suspicion of her rivals. Lobengula once described Britain as a chameleon and himself as the fly.[4]

During the 1893 Matabele War the invasion by British South Africa Company troops led the then king, Lobengula to flee from his burning capital and head north, BSAC troops and white settlers occupied the town. On 4 November 1893, Leander Starr Jameson declared Bulawayo a settlement under the rule of the British South Africa Company and Cecil John Rhodes ordered that the new settlement be built on the ruins of Lobengula's royal town, which is where the State House stands today. In 1897, the new town of Bulawayo acquired the status of municipality, Lt. Col. Harry White became one of the first mayors,[5] and in 1943, Bulawayo became a city.

Siege

At the outbreak of the Second Matabele War, in March 1896, Bulawayo was besieged by Ndebele forces, and a laager was established there for defensive purposes. The Ndebele had experienced the brutal effectiveness of the British Maxim guns in the First Matabele War, so they never mounted a significant attack against Bulawayo, even though over 10,000 Ndebele warriors could be seen near the town. Rather than wait passively, the settlers mounted patrols, called the Bulawayo Field Force, under legendary figures such as Frederick Selous and Frederick Russell Burnham. These patrols rode out to rescue any surviving settlers in the countryside, and attacked the Ndebele. Within the first week of fighting, twenty men of the Bulawayo Field Force were killed and another fifty were wounded.

During the siege, conditions inside Bulawayo quickly deteriorated. By day, settlers could go to homes and buildings within the town, but at night they were forced to seek shelter in the much smaller laager. Nearly 1,000 women and children were crowded into the small area and false alarms of attacks were common. The Ndebele made a critical error during the siege in neglecting to cut the telegraph lines connecting Bulawayo to Mafikeng. This gave both the besieged Bulawayo Field Force and the British relief forces, coming from Salisbury and Fort Victoria, now Harare and Masvingo respectively 300 miles to the north, and from Kimberley and Mafeking 600 miles to the south, far more information than they would otherwise have had. Once the relief forces arrived in late May 1896, the siege was broken and an estimated 50,000 Ndebele retreated into their stronghold, the Matobo Hills near Bulawayo. Not until October 1896 would the Ndebele finally lay down their arms.

Modern city

Bulawayo City Hall
Bulawayo City Council Offices
Kenilworth Towers, residential flats

In recent years, Bulawayo has experienced a sharp fall in living standards coinciding with the severe economic crisis affecting the country. Today it is home to the strongest opposition to the government of Robert Mugabe. The main problems include poor investment and widespread unemployment. Water shortages due to lack of expansion in facilities and supplies have become steadily more acute since 1992. Cholera broke out in 2008.

Bulawayo City Council

Although controlled by the main opposition party MDC-T, the council has managed to stand out as the leading municipality in Zimbabwe in terms of service delivery to its residents, through various campaigns engineered by the city council such as the #mycitymypride campaign and #keepbyoclean on social media, these have been met with positive responses by residents and other stakeholders within the city. In recent years Bulawayo has now been widely perceived as the cleanest city in Zimbabwe due the councils effective waste management strategy, although like all major cities and towns in the country Bulawayo faces water challenges however the situation within the city has been described as manageable. In 2015 the City of Bulawayo was praised for its town planning which unlike major urban areas such as Harare and Chitungwiza has not been marred by corruption and problems such as illegal settlements.

Geography

Bougainvillea outside a Bulawayo home

Topography

The city sits on a plain that marks the Highveld of Zimbabwe and is close to the watershed between the Zambezi and Limpopo drainage basins. The land slopes gently downwards to the north and northwest. The southern side is hillier, and the land becomes more broken in the direction of the Matobo Hills to the south.

Petrea flower in a garden in Bulawayo

Climate

Due to its relatively high altitude, the city has a subtropical climate despite lying within the tropics. Under the Köppen climate classification, Bulawayo features a humid subtropical climate (Cwa), though it is a drier version of the climate. The mean annual temperature is 19.16 °C (66.44 °F),[6] similar to Pretoria at a similar altitude but almost 600 km (373 mi) farther south. As with much of southern and eastern Zimbabwe, Bulawayo is cooled by a prevailing southeasterly airflow most of the year, and experiences three broad seasons: a dry, cool winter season from May to August; a hot dry period in early summer from late August to early November; and a warm wet period in the rest of the summer, early November to April. The hottest month is October, which is usually the height of the dry season. The average maximum temperature ranges from 21 °C (70 °F) in July to 30 °C (86 °F) in October. During the rainy season, daytime maxima are around 26 °C (79 °F). Nights are always cool, ranging from 8 °C (46 °F) in July to 16 °C (61 °F) in January.

The city's average annual rainfall is 594mm, which supports a natural vegetation of open woodland, dominated by Combretum and Terminalia trees. Most rain falls in the December to February period, while June to August is usually rainless. Being close to the Kalahari Desert, Bulawayo is vulnerable to droughts and rainfall tends to vary sharply from one year to another. In 1978, 888mm of rain fell in the three months up to February (February 1944 is the wettest month on record with 368mm) while in the three months ending February 1983, only 84mm fell.

Climate data for Bulawayo
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 36
(97)		 34
(93)		 34
(93)		 33
(91)		 31
(88)		 28
(82)		 28
(82)		 32
(90)		 36
(97)		 36
(97)		 37
(99)		 35
(95)		 37
(99)
Average high °C (°F) 27.7
(81.9)		 27.2
(81)		 27.1
(80.8)		 25.9
(78.6)		 24.1
(75.4)		 21.6
(70.9)		 21.5
(70.7)		 24.4
(75.9)		 27.9
(82.2)		 29.4
(84.9)		 28.7
(83.7)		 27.7
(81.9)		 26.1
(79)
Average low °C (°F) 16.5
(61.7)		 16.2
(61.2)		 15.3
(59.5)		 13.0
(55.4)		 9.9
(49.8)		 7.4
(45.3)		 7.2
(45)		 9.1
(48.4)		 12.4
(54.3)		 15.0
(59)		 16.0
(60.8)		 16.3
(61.3)		 12.9
(55.2)
Record low °C (°F) 9
(48)		 8
(46)		 9
(48)		 3
(37)		 1
(34)		 −2
(28)		 0
(32)		 0
(32)		 3
(37)		 7
(45)		 9
(48)		 11
(52)		 −2
(28)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 117.8
(4.638)		 104.6
(4.118)		 51.4
(2.024)		 33.3
(1.311)		 7.0
(0.276)		 2.2
(0.087)		 1.0
(0.039)		 1.4
(0.055)		 7.0
(0.276)		 38.4
(1.512)		 91.1
(3.587)		 120.3
(4.736)		 575.5
(22.657)
Average rainy days 10 8 5 3 1 1 0 0 1 4 8 10 51
Mean monthly sunshine hours 244.9 212.8 251.1 252.0 279.0 267.0 288.3 300.7 288.0 272.8 237.0 226.3 3,119.9
Mean daily sunshine hours 7.9 7.6 8.1 8.4 9.0 8.9 9.3 9.7 9.6 8.8 7.9 7.3 8.54
Source #1: World Meteorological Organization[7] NOAA (sun 1961–1990)[8]
Source #2: BBC Weather (record highs and lows)[9]

Demographics

Population census controversy

The population of Bulawayo according to the 2012 National census stands at 653 337,[10] however this figure has been resoundingly rejected by the Bulawayo City Council authority with Councillor Martin Moyo claiming an anti-Bulawayo conspiracy to under fund projects in the city.[11][12] The population of the city according to metropolitan council sources is closer to 1,5 million and a more closer and estimated figure being 1,2 million. Reports have alluded to the De-industrialization of the city as the reason for its population decline, a claim which was rubbished as council officials referred to the fact that in 1992 were the city's population stood at 620 936 the city has grown in the number of households due to urban expansion. City authorities also laid claim to the fact that the current water challenges facing the city were also as a result of an increasing population despite the economic challenges facing the city.

Historical population
Year Pop. ±%
1992 620,936 —    
2002 676,650 +9.0%
2012 653,337 −3.4%
Source: Zimbabwe National Statistics Agency (ZIMSTAT)

Economy

Bulawayo has long been known as the industrial hub of Zimbabwe. It has a large manufacturing presence, and large industries such as Merlin Textiles, Zimbabwe Engineering Company (Zeco), Hubert Davies, Radar Metal Industries, National Blankets, G & D Shoes, Merlin, Tregers Group, Stewarts & Lloyds, Hunyani Holdings, Cold Storage Commission. However, some of these companies have either moved operations to Harare or no longer exist altogether which has crippled Bulawayo's economy. The industries are deserted and the infrastructure has since been left to deteriorate, further deterring investors from operating in the city. The reason for the city's de-industrialization has been heralded to be the lack of infrastructure to support the size of the city and its operations and an unreliable source of water and the collapse of the rail infrastructure which was a core reason of placing industry in Bulawayo to begin with. Many locals argue that it is because of marginalisation they experience against the government due to cultural differences between the Shona in Harare and the Ndebele Proper in Bulawayo because the National railways of Zimbabwe (Headquarters Bulawayo) is a government parastatal and as such should have been thriving had it not been for embezzlement of allocated funds by company executives who are believed to be Shona. The water issue is not new and had brought about the "help a thirsty Matabele" initiative of the 1970s and the Matabeleland Zambezi Water Project which would put an end to the water issue in Matabeleland was drafted, however this project was put on hold soon after independence. these allegations have all been labelled hogwash by the relevant authorities, however they have only fuelled the secessionist initiative into a general opinion. Before the collapse of Zimbabwe's rail infrastructure, Bulawayo was an important transport hub, providing rail links between Botswana, South Africa and Zambia and promoting the city's development as a major industrial centre. The city still contains most of what remains of Zimbabwe's heavy industry and food processing capability including a Thermal Power Station which resumed operations in February 2011 after a capitalisation deal with the Government of Botswana where Bulawayo would supply 45 Megawatts in three years. Like many parts of the country, Bulawayo has for the past ten years seen a huge drop in service delivery and an increase in unemployment due to the number of resignations of people seeking better prospects across the border. Many people resorted to farming, mining and the black market for sustenance, while others depended on the little foreign currency that would be sent by family in other countries. However, with the introduction of the multi-currency system in 2009, a new approach is seen by investors in the city who admire the already-available infrastructure and the huge workforce and Bulawayo as great prospects for the future and is set to once again contribute greatly to the economy of Zimbabwe. The city is served by Joshua Mqabuko Nkomo International Airport which has been expanded a number of times to cope with the influx of visitors into the region. The Edgars clothing stores are headquartered in Bulawayo. The Rovos rail run luxury train, Pride of Africa makes a stop in Bulawayo for pick up and dropping off passengers. Bulawayo is situated along the Trans-African Highway network important trade route of Cairo – Cape Town Highway. Most of the city's industries are privately owned, especially in the transport sector.

The Bulawayo Centre

Important buildings and infrastructure

These include

The Nesbitt Castle
The Nesbitt Castle, Bulawayo

Government

Mayors since independence

Mayor Party Time in office
Martin Moyo (Incumbent) MDC-T 2013 –[13]
Patrick Thaba-Moyo MDC-T 2008–2013[14]
Japhet Ndabeni Ncube MDC, MDC-M 2001–2008[15]
Abel Siwela ZANU-PF 1996–2000 died in office[15]
Joshua Teke Malinga ZANU-PF 1993–1995?
I. Gadhlula ZANU-PF 1992-1993
N. Sidanile ZANU-PF 1991-1992
Dennis Madulane Ndlovu ZANU-PF 1990-1991
A.L. Ncube ZANU-PF 1989-1990
J.M. Ndlovu ZANU-PF 1988–1989
Nicholas Joel Mabodoko PF-ZAPU 1985–1988
Enos M. Mdlongwa PF-ZAPU 1983–1985
Naison Khutshwekhaya Ndlovu PF-ZAPU 1981–1983

Mayors during UDI

Mayor Party Time in office
Mike Constandinos 1979–1981
D.J. Rowland 1978-1979
Mrs. J.L. Sharland 1977-1978
E.Hoyle 1976-1977
L. Sexon 1975-1976
C.M. Scott 1974-1975
E.D. Gordon 1973-1974
R.S. Harris 1972-1973
H. Coronel 1971-1972
T.H. Doyle 1970-1971
J.M. Logan 1969-1970
J. Goldwasser 1968–1969[16]
W.R. Kinleyside 1967-1968
A. Menashe 1965–1967[16]

Mayors during the colonial period

Mayor Party Time in office
A.C. Dold 1964-1964
Aubrey M. Butcher 1963-1964
S.H. Millar 1962-1963
J.G. Pain 1961-1962
M.E. Brett 1960-1961
S.H. Millar 1959-1960
M.M. McNellie (OBE, MM) 1957-1959
J.W. Phillips (OBE) 1955-1957
J.M. MacDonald 1953-1955
C.M. Newman (OBE, MC, VD, ED) 1951-1953
J.H. Butcher 1949-1951
H.A. Holmes 1947-1949
Donald Macintyre (CBE) Southern Rhodesia Labour Party 1944–1947[17]
E.J. Dawies 1942-1944
D.W. Young 1940-1942
T.A.E. Holdengarde 1938-1940
Donald Macintyre (CBE) Southern Rhodesia Labour Party 1936–1938[17]
C.M. Harris 1934–1936[16]
T.A.E. Holdengarde 1933-1934
W. Maver 1932-1933
W.H. Peard 1929–1932[17]
H.B. Ellenbogen 1927–1929[16][17]
H.R. Barbour 1924-1927
J.H. Bookless 1923-1924
James Cowden Rhodesia Party 1919–1923 four consecutive terms[17][18]
W.J. Atterbury 1918-1919
George Stewart 1917-1918
W.J. Atterbury 1915-1917
W.B. Bucknall 1914-1915
Alex Fraser 1913-1914
Lt. Col. Walter Baxendale 1912-1913
Alex Fraser 1911-1912
E. Basch 1907–1911[16]
E.F. Philip 1906-1907
Lt. Col. Walter Baxendale 1904-1906
J.E. Scott 1902-1904
John Kerr 1901-1902
William H. Haddon 1900-1901
Lt. Col. Henry Frederick "Harry" White (DSO) 1899–1900 returned to military service[5]
Charles Holland 1898-1899
I.G. Hirschler 1897–1898[16]

Newspapers

Sister cities

Bulawayo is twinned with:

Culture and recreation

Sports

Bulawayo is home to the Queens Sports Club and Bulawayo Athletic Club, two of the three grounds in Zimbabwe where test match cricket has been played. It is also home to Hartsfield Rugby grounds where many international Test matches have been played. Hartsfield was developed by Reg Hart, after whom the grounds were named, and on which field many of southern Africa's greatest rugby players have competed. It is home to two large football teams, Highlanders and Zimbabwe Saints. Other football teams include Bantu Rovers, Chicken Inn, How Mine and Quelaton.

Other important sporting and recreational facilities include

Museums

Bulawayo has a number of museums of national importance, including the Natural History Museum of Zimbabwe, National Gallery, Bulawayo and the Bulawayo Railway Museum.

Parks

There are a number of parks in Bulawayo, including

  • Centenary Park
  • Barham Green
  • Hillside Dams Conservancy
  • Mabukweni

Suburbs and districts

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Main article: Category:Suburbs of Bulawayo
No Suburb/Location Origin of Name
1 Ascot Adjoining the Bulawayo Ascot race-course
2 Barbour Fields The suburb was named after a former mayor, H. R. Barbour, who during the colonial era, was greatly interested in the welfare of the indigenous people. There is a place called Barbour in Argyll & Bute. Barbour is a Scottish family name, though it was apparently first recorded on the English side of the border, in Cumberland and Northumberland. The father of Scottish vernacular poetry, John Barbour (1320–1395), is best remembered for his epic poem "The Brus" telling the story of King Robert I. The origin of the name is occupational (a cutter of hair as well as an extractor of teeth during the Middle Ages).
3 Barham Green The suburb was named after two people. The first was a former Bulawayo City Councillor [who later became an Alderman] Mrs. M. E. Barham, M.B.E. and the other was Rev. Rufus Green. The two people were critical in the establishment of this suburb. During the colonial Rhodesia era, the suburb was designated for the Coloured community.
4 Beacon Hill Also known as Beryl Drive, reference is made to fact that it is the high point of the suburbs and:possesses the areas with the highest marking beacon at its summit.
5 Bellevue The suburb was named after estate name. Sometimes spelt Belle Vue. The origin of this universally-popular place name is ultimately French – 'beautiful view'.
6 Belmont
7 Belmont Industrial Area The area was named after a former Bulawayo City Engineer, Mr. Kinmont.
8 Bradfield The suburb was named after Mr. Edwin Eugene Bradfield, a pioneer.
9 Burnside This area used to be a portion of former town Council area, used be part of Matsheumhlope Farms. Name is derived from the reference to the River Matsheumhlophe. Burn is a Scottish and northern English word for a stream.
10 Cement This was named after the surrounding industrial area, responsible for the making of cement.
11 Cowdray Park
12 Donnington
13 Donnington West
14 Douglasdale The Douglas family, descendants of William de Duglas (late 12th century) was one of the most powerful in Scotland.
15 Eloana
16 Emakhandeni Emakhandeni is the isiNdebele name for Fort Rixon, which was the area where the regiment, aMakhanda were located. eMakhandeni is the locative term.
17 Emganwini Reference is made to the plentiful Amarula trees in the vicinity.
18 Enqameni
19 Enqotsheni
20 Entumbane This is place where King Mzilikazi was buried. One of the dozens of high density suburbs of Bulawayo: commonly referred to as the "Western Suburbs". The first disturbances that led to the Gukurahundi were sparked in Entumbane, hence the term "Impi ye Ntumbane" that refers to the disturbances.
21 Estate name
22 Estate name
23 Fagadola
24 Famona The suburb was named after, Famona, one of the daughters of King Lobengula. It means jealousy or envy must end *literally- die*
25 Fortunes Gate (Including Mtaba Moya) The suburb name comes from the original property name, and the gates are those of the original market building.
26 Four Winds The suburb name comes from the original property name, the first house was on top of a hill.
27 Glencoe This name is etched into the Scottish psyche as the bleak glen in the Highlands where, in 1692, a party of MacDonald men, women and children was treacherously massacred by the Campbells, who were acting under government orders.
28 Glengary The suburb was named after its estate name. The "Glengarry" bonnet is an oblong woollen cap, popular amongst pipe bands.
29 Glenville (Including Richmond South) The suburb was named after its estate name.
30 Granite Park
31 Greenhill The suburb name comes from the reference to scenery and topography.
32 Gwabalanda Named after one of Ndebele chiefs, Gwabalanda Mathe
33 Harrisvale
34 Helenvale
35 Highmount
36 Hillcrest The suburb name comes from the reference to topography. It is Greenhill's crest
37 Hillside The suburb name comes from the reference to topography. (Greenhill's slope)
38 Hillside South The suburb name comes from its position as the south facing slope of Greenhill
39 Hume Park Hume/Home is a Lowland Scottish family name.
40 Hyde Park The name originates from the large amount of residents which trace their ancestry to England
41 Ilanda Ndebele name for the egret
42 Iminyela The name of the type of tree common in that area.
43 Intini The name was given as a commemoration to the Mhlanga family which originally set out with the Khumalo family under Mzilikazi as gratitude to their contribution to the Ndebele Kingdom, Mthwakazi. The Ntini is the totem of the Mhlanga-Mabuya clan.
44 Jacaranda Reference is made to the Jacaranda trees
45 Kelvin (Industrial area, includes North East and West) The area was named in reference to a suburb of Glasgow. It takes its name from the River Kelvin, a tributary of the River Clyde.
46 Kenilworth The suburb was named after its estate name.
47 Khumalo The suburb was named after the Royal Clan of the Matabele
48 Khumalo North Reference to the position of Kumalo suburb
49 Kilallo
50 Killarney
51 Kingsdale
52 Lakeside Lakeside is the stretch of water at the junction of the Old Essexvale Road and the road to the suburb of Waterford, and then onto Hope Fountain Mission
53 Lobengula Named after the second and last Matabele King, Lobengula
54 Lobenvale The suburb name is derived from a combination of King Lobengula's name and Umguza Valley
55 Lochview The suburb name is in reference to Lakeside Dam and is famous in the city for its large Scottish residents and the Scottish style houses. According to the Bulawayo City Suburb Names website, the suburb was named in reference to Lakeside Dam
56 Luveve Named after Ndebele chief Luveve. Established in 1935
57 Mabuthweni The suburb name means “where the soldiers are”, the name was given in reference to a bachelor quarters.
58 Magwegwe The suburb name is named after Magwegwe, who was one of the significant people in King Lobengula's royal Bulawayo town.
59 Magwegwe North Reference to the position relative to that of Magwegwe.
60 Magwegwe West Reference to the position relative to that of Magwegwe.
61 Mahatshula Mahatshula is named after one of the Ndebele Indunas. This Induna's name was Mahatshula Ndiweni
62 Makokoba The suburb got its name from the actions of Mr. Fallon, who used walk around with a stick. The name comes from the word "umakhokhoba" which was the locals referred to Fallon as, meaning “the little old man who walks with a stick”. The word actually describes the noise of the stick hitting the ground ko-ko-ko or the doors. It is the oldest African dwelling in the city. Political activism was rife pre-Zapu era.
63 Malindela The suburb was named after the mother of Faluta, who was the mother of Lobengula i.e. named after Lobengula's maternal grandmother.
64 Manningdale Named after of the developer suburb
65 Marlands
66 Matsheumhlope The name comes from the association with river (“White Stones”). White stones in Ndebele Proper and Zulu language are amatshe amhlope.
67 Matshobana The suburb was named after Matshobana, who was a chief of the Khumalo clan and more significantly he was the father of Mzilikazi, the founder of the Ndebele Kingdom.
68 Montgomery named after Bernard Montgomery, 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein a decorated British Army commander
69 Montrose The suburb was named by the estate developers and street names are of many Cotswolds villages and towns.
70 Morningside
71 Mpopoma The name comes from a descriptive Ndebele name for the area, which was derived from the sound the Mpopoma River makes when flowing.
72 Munda The Tonga name for a plot of land on which people would farm
73 Mzilikazi Suburb was named after the founder of uMthwakazi, King Mzilikazi. A stone's throw away from Barbourfields suburb separated by a road called Ambulance Drive that leads to one of Zimbabwe's large hospitals called Mpilo.
74 New Luveve Reference is made to the suburb Luveve, see Luveve suburb.
75 Newsmansford
76 Newton Estate name
77 Newton West Reference to position (Newton).
78 Nguboyenja Named after Lobengula’s son and heir.
79 Njube Named after one of Lobengula’s sons
80 Nketa Named after the Traditional Heritage Site of Nketa Hill on which King Lobengula assembled his entire kingdom and divided its citizens according to cultural ethnicity and different stages of incorporation into three groups the Zansi which is Xhosa for "south", referring to the people who left the Zulu Kingdom originally, the Enhla or Nxele which referred to the second mass incorporated group which was the Swati, Pedi, Sotho with whom they settled in Mhlahlandela 1 and the final group was the Hole /ˈxɒli/, which constituted of the Shona, Kalanga and Bakwena. Most historians argued that this was clear evidence of Lobengula's lack of foresight and political tact as he was literally undoing what his father had spent his lifetime trying to achieve, a unified kingdom with a single identity.
81 Nkulumane One of the sons of King Mzilikazi and heir, founder of the Matebele kingdom.
82 North End Reference to direction of suburb.
83 North Lynne
84 North Trenance Reference to position relative to that of Trenance.
85 Northlea
86 Northvale Former Town Council area, reference to position and (Umguza) valley
87 Ntaba Moyo
88 Orange Grove
89 Paddonhurst Named after Major Cecil Paddon, O.B.E., (pioneer).
90 Parklands Estate name. Park Lands estate A (Portion of original grant to Dominican Sisters).
91 Parkview Situated on the location adjacent to the Centenary Park and proposed location of Bulawayo Zoo
92 Pelandaba Phelandaba translates “The matter is concluded”, a reference to the successful conclusion to the struggle for security.
93 Pumula Phumula means “a resting place”, reference to the fact that many have built homes there to retire to.
94 Pumula South Named in reference to relative position of Pumula
95 Queens Park A reference to the Queen and the three main roads – Victoria, Alexandra and Elizabeth
96 Queens Park East A reference to the position relative to that of Queen Park.
97 Queens Park West A reference to the position relative to that of Queen Park.
98 Queensdale
99 Rangemore Suburb adopted the original estate name.
100 Raylton Suburb adopted the original estate name.
101 Richmond
102 Riverside Derived from the original estate name, which was in reference to the Umguza River
103 Romney Park The suburb was named after George Romney, a British painter
104 Sauerstown Named after Dr. Han Sauer, original owner of the land
105 Selbourne Park Named after the main road of Selbourne Avenue, now called L. Takawira Avenue, facing Ascot Mansions
106 Sizinda Battle regiment of Mzilikazi of the Matabele
107 Southdale
108 Souththwold The suburb was named by the estate developers and street names are of many Cotswolds villages and towns.
109 Steeldale Composite name referring to industry.
110 Suburbs This was the first suburb and retained that name.
111 Sunninghill After British royal residence (given to present Queen at time of marriage).
112 Sunnyside Chosen from list of suggested names
113 Tegela The name is derived from a Ndebele word ukwethekela meaning “to visit”.
114 The Jungle
115 Thorngrove Suburb name came from the large number of Mimosa (Thorn) trees in the area.
116 Trenance
117 Tshabalala The “isibongo” or praise name for Lobengula’s mother, Fulata, who was of Swazi extraction.
118 Tshabalala Extension Extension in reference to the suburb of Tshabalala
119 Umguza Estate Named after the Umguza River which runs through it
120 Upper Rangemore Name in reference to Rangemore suburb.
121 Waterford
122 Waterlea
123 West Somerton
124 Westgate
125 Westondale
126 Willsgrove
127 Windsor Park Named after English town or Guildford Castle grounds
128 Woodlands Chosen from a list of suggested names
129 Woodville
130 Woodville Park
Retained the old Estate Name.[19][20]

Schools and colleges

In Bulawayo, there are 128 primary and 48 secondary schools.[21]

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Primary schools

No. School Name
1. Amaswazi Primary School
2. Amaveni Primary School
3. Babambeni Primary School
4. Baines Infant School
5. Baines Junior
6. Barham Green Primary School
7. Carmel Primary School
8. Coghlan Primary School
9. Dominican Convent Primary School, Bulawayo
10. Dumezweni Primary School
11. Emakhandeni Primary School
12. Fairbridge Primary School
13. Fusi Primary School
14. Gampu Primary School
15. Godlwayo Primary School
16. Helemu Primary School
17. Henry Low Primary School
18. Hillside Infant School
19. Hillside Junior School
20. HQ 1 Brigade Primary School
21. Hugh Beadle Primary School
22. Induba Primary School
23. Infant School
24. Ingubo Primary School
25. Ingwegwe Primary School
26. Inkanyezi Primary School
27. Insukamini Primary School
28. Intunta Primary School
29. Inzwananzi Primary School
30. John Slaven Primary School
31. Josiah Chinamano Primary School
32. King George VI Memorial School
33. Kumalo Primary School
34. Lobengula Primary School
35. Lobengula Primary School
36. Lochview Primary School
37. Losikeyi Primary School
38. Lotshe Primary School
39. Lukhanyiso Primary School
40. Luveve Primary School
41. Mabhukudwana Primary School
42. Mafakela Primary School
43. Mafela Primary School
44. Magwegwe Primary School
45. Mahlabezulu
46. Mahlathini Primary School
47. Malindela Primary School
48. Manondwana Primary School
49. Manyewu Primary School
50. Maphisa Primary School
12. Masiyephambili Junior School
51. Masuku Primary School
52. Maswazi Primary School
53. Matshayisikova Primary School
54. Mawaba Primary School
55. Mazwi Primary School
56. Mbizo Primary School
57. McKeurten Primary School
58. Mganwini Primary School
59. Mgiqika Primary School
60. Mgombane Primary School
61. Mhali Primary School
62. Milton Junior School
63. Mkhithika Primary School
64. Moray Primary School
65. Mpumelelo Primary School
66. Mthombowesizwe Primary School
67. Mtshane Primary School
68. Mtshede Primary School
69. Mtshingwe Primary School
70. Mzilikazi Primary School
71. Newmansford Primary School
72. Ngwalongwalo Primary School
73. Nketa Primary School
74. Nkulumane Primary School
75. Ntabeni Primary School
76. Ntshamathe Primary School
77. Nyamande Primary School
78. Petra Primary School
79. Phelandaba SDA Primary School
80. Queen Elizabeth II Primary School
81. Rangemore Primary School
82. Robert Tradgold Primary School
83. Rose Camp Primary School
84. Saint Thomas Aquinas
85. Senzangakhona Primary School
86. Sigombe Primary School
87. St. Bernards R.C Primary School
88. St. Patricks R.C Primary School
89. St. Thomas Aquinas Primary School
90. Tategulu Primary School
91. Tennyson Primary School
92. Thembiso Primary School
93. Thomas Rudland Primary School
94. Trenance Primary School
95. Waterford Primary School
96. Whitestone School
97. Woodville Primary School
98. Zulukandaba Primary School

Secondary and high schools

No. School Name
1 Amhlope Pumula No. 2 Secondary School
2 Amhlophe Secondary School
3 Bulawayo Adventist Secondary School (BASS)
4 Bulawayo Technical School
5 Christian Brothers' College, Bulawayo
6 Cowdray Park Secondary School
7 Dominican Convent High School, Bulawayo
8 Emakhandeni Secondary School
9 Entumbane Secondary School
10 Eveline Girls High School
11 Falcon College
12 Founders High School
13 Gifford High School
14 Girls' College
15 Hamilton High School
16 Ihlati Secondary School
17 Inyanda High School
18 Lobengula Secondary School
19 Luveve High School
20 Magwegwe Secondary School
21 Mandwandwe Secondary School
22 Masotsha Secondary School
23 Milton High School
24 Montrose Girls High School
25 Mpopoma High School
26 Msitheli Secondary School
27 Mzilikazi High School
28 Njube Secondary School
29 Nketa Secondary School
30 Nkulumane Secondary School
31 Northlea High School
32 Petra High School
33 Premier High School
34 Pumula High School
35 Sikhulile Secondary School
36 Sizane High School
37 Sobukazi High School
38 St Bernard's R.C. High School
39 St. Columbus High School
40 Townsend High School
41 Mncumbatha Secondary School

Schools outside Bulawayo

Colleges and universities

Natives and residents

Literature

The city of Bulawayo serves as the backdrop for French novel "Sale Hiver à Bulawayo", written by Soline de Thoisy (2011). It is the starting point for the 1925 novel by Agatha Christie, The Secret of Chimneys, where the main character is leading tours, and meets up with an old friend who gives him two jobs to do in England.

References

  1. ↑ Google Earth
  2. ↑ Zimbabwe at GeoHive
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ A.R.C.B. Review: A Russian Look at Rhodesia. The Journal of African history, Vol. 2. No 1 (1961), pp. 161–162 available on JSTOR
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ GISS Climate data, Average annual temperature 1971 to 2001
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 16.5 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  18. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ http://www.bulawayo1872.com
  20. ↑ http://www.rampantscotland.com/placenames/placename_bulawayo.htm
  21. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[dead link]
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