Ercole, Marquis of Baux

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Ercole Grimaldi
Marquis of Baux
File:Ercole Grimaldi (Marquis of Baux) hier of Prince Honoré II of Monaco by unknown artist.jpg
A painting of a young Ercole Grimaldi (ca. 1630/35)
Born (1623-12-16)16 December 1623
Paris, France
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Monte Carlo, Monaco
Spouse Maria Aurelia Spinola
Issue Louis I, Prince of Monaco
Maria Ippolita, Princess of Montafia
Giovanna Maria, Princess of Francavilla
Teresa Maria, Marchioness of San Martino
Full name
Ercole Grimaldi
House Grimaldi
Father Honoré II, Prince of Monaco
Mother Ippolita Trivulzio

Ercole Grimaldi, Marquis of Baux (16 December 1623 – 2 August 1651) was a member of the House of Grimaldi. He was the first Monegasque prince and heir apparent to the first Monegasque sovereign prince, Honoré II. Dying at the age of 27, Baux was replaced as heir apparent by his son Louis who succeeded Honoré II.

Biography

Early life

The only son of Honoré II of Monaco and Ippolita Trivulzio, he was the heir apparent to principality of Monaco which was raised to the status of principality in 1604.[1] Named after his grandfather Hercule, Lord of Monaco, Grimaldi was styled as the Marquis of Baux, after 1642, the title being one of the subsidiary titles which had been given to his father by Louis XIII of France.[2] In fact, Baux was created Marquis by Louis XIII himself. Baux was a skilled military-man and led the attack on the Serravalle Tower, taking the sentries prisoner.[3]

Death

Baux and his wife and their children went to visit the convent of Carnoles in Mentone. After the visit was over Baux relaxed in the gardens by shooting targets with some guards.[4] Anxious to see how a weapon worked, Baux insisted that a guard show it to him. Improperly handling the gun, the guard accidentally shot it towards Baux and the other guards, two of whom were also injured. Baux received a gunshot wound to the spine and, however good medical care he received, he died the next day on 1 August 1651, at the age of 27.[4] It is said that despite his wound, he insisted over and over again, as he lay on his deathbed, that the guard who shot him should not be punished as it had been an accident. Nonetheless, the man was imprisoned for a time and even tried to kill himself. After his release he never returned to Monaco.[4] Afterwards, there were reports that a local monk had predicted Baux's death and that Baux himself had seen a ghost who had told him to enjoy life for he would not be able to in a short time.[4]

Marriage

Grimaldi was married on 4 July 1641 to Maria Aurelia Spinola, a daughter of Luca Spinola, Prince of Molfetta and his cousin Pellina Spinola.[1] Spinola was a member of the House of Spinola, a powerful and wealthy family from the Republic of Genoa.[5] The marriage produced four children all of which would have further progeny. Through his son Louis he is a direct ancestor of the reigning Albert II of Monaco and through his youngest daughter he is an ancestor of the pretending Carlos, Duke of Parma.[1]

Issue

  1. Louis Grimaldi (25 July 1642 – 3 January 1701), Prince of Monaco as Louis I (1660–1701); married Catherine Charlotte de Gramont and had issue.
  2. Maria Ippolita Grimaldi (8 May 1644 – 8 October 1694) married Carlo Emanuele Filiberto de Simiane, Prince of Montafia and had issue.
  3. Giovanna Maria Grimaldi (born 4 June 1645) married Andrea Imperiali, Prince of Francavilla and had issue.
  4. Teresa Maria Grimaldi (4 September 1648 – 20 July 1723) married Sigismondo III d'Este, Marquis of San Martino and had issue.

Ancestors

Family of Ercole, Marquis of Baux
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 16. Lucien Grimaldi, Lord of Monaco
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 8. Honoré I Grimaldi, Lord of Monaco
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 17. Jeanne de Pontevès-Cabanes
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4. Hercule Grimaldi, Lord of Monaco
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 18. Giovanni Battista Grimaldi, Lord of Montaudion
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 9. Isabella Grimaldi
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 19. Maddalena Pallavicini
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2. Honoré Grimaldi, Prince of Monaco
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 20. Agostino Landi, 2nd Prince of Val di Taro
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 10. Claudio Landi, 3rd Prince of Val di Taro
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 21. Giulia Landi, Countess of Compiano
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 5. Maria Landi
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 22. Álvaro Fernández de Córdoba y Zúñiga, 2nd Lord of Valenzuela
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 11. Juana Fernández de Córdoba y Milá de Aragón
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 23. María Manuel y Milá de Aragón, Lady-in-waiting to Empress Isabella
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1. Ercole Grimaldi, Marquis of Baux
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 24. Gerolamo Teodoro Trivulzio, Count of Melzo
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 12. Giovanni Giacomo Trivulzio, Count of Melzo
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 25. Antonia Barbiano di Belgioioso
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 6. Carlo Emanuele Teodoro Trivulzio, Count of Melzo
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 26. Pietro Antonio Marliani, Count of Busto Arsizio
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 13. Ottavia Marliani
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 27. Cornelia Rajnoldi
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3. Ippolita Trivulzio
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 28. Luigi Alessandro Gonzaga, Lord of Castiglione
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 14. Alfonso Gonzaga, Marquis of Castel Goffredo
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 29. Caterina Anguissola
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 7. Caterina Gonzaga
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 30. Cesare Maggi, Count Maggi
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 15. Ippolita Maggi
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 31. Bianca dal Verme
 
 
 
 
 
 

See also

References

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