Ethnic and religious composition of Austria-Hungary

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Ethno-linguistic map of Austria-Hungary, 1910

The ethno-linguistic composition of Austria-Hungary according to the census of 31 December 1910 was as follows:[1]

Population

Area Number %
Cisleithania 28,571,934 55.6
Transleithania 20,886,487 40.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina (Austro-Hungarian condominium) 1,931,802 3.8
Total 51,390,223 100.0

Religions

Map of religions, from Andrees Allgemeiner Handatlas
Religions/Confessions in all of Austria-Hungary Austrian
part		 Hungarian
part		 Bosnia and
Herzegovina
Catholics 76.6% 90.9% 61.8% 22.9%
Protestants 8.9% 2.1% 19.0% 0.3%
Orthodox 8.7% 2.3% 14.3% 43.5%
Jews 4.4% 4.7% 4.9% 0.6%
Muslims 1.3% 0% 0% 32.7%

Languages

The census of 1911 recorded Umgangssprache, everyday language. Jews and those using German in offices often stated German as their Umgangssprache, even when having a different Muttersprache.

Language Number %
German 12,006,521 23.36
Hungarian 10,056,315 19.57
Czech 6,442,133 12.54
Polish 4,976,804 9.68
Serbo-Croatian 4,380,891 8.52
Ruthenian (Ukrainian) 3,997,831 7.78
Romanian 3,224,147 6.27
Slovak 1,967,970 3.83
Slovene 1,255,620 2.44
Italian 768,422 1.50
Other 2,313,569 4.51
Total 51,390,223 100.00

Cisleithanian states

Land Main language others (if more than 2%)
Bohemia Czech (63.2%) German (36.8%)
Dalmatia Croatian (96.2%) Italian (2.8%)
Galicia Polish (58.6%) Ukrainian (40.2%)
Lower Austria German (95.9%) Czech (3.8%)
Upper Austria German (99.7%)
Bukovina Ukrainian (38.4%) Romanian (34.4%), German (21.2%), Polish (4.6%)
Carinthia German (78.6%) Slovenian (21.2%)
Carniola Slovenian (94.4%) German (5.4%)
Salzburg German (99.7%)
Austrian Silesia German (43.9%) Polish (31.7%), Czech (24.3%)
Styria German (70.5%) Slovenian (29.4%)
Moravia Czech (71.8%) German (27.6%)
County of Tyrol German (57.3%) Italian (42.1%)
Austrian Littoral Slovenian (37.3%) Italian (34.5%), Croatian (24.4%), German (2.5%)
Vorarlberg German (95.4%) Italian (4.4%)

Transleithanian states

Land Main language others (if more than 2%)
Kingdom of Hungary Hungarian (majority) .
Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia Croatian (62.5%) Serbian (24.6%), German (5.0%), Hungarian (4.1%)

References

  1. ↑ Volkszählung vom 31. Dezember 1910, veröffentlicht in: Geographischer Atlas zur Vaterlandskunde an der österreichischen Mittelschulen. K. u. k. Hof-Kartographische Anstalt G. Freytag & Berndt, Wien 1911.
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