Flooding in Jakarta
Flooding in Jakarta occurs on the northwest coast of Java, at the mouth of the Ciliwung River on Jakarta Bay, which is an inlet of the Java Sea and has happened recently in 1996, 2002, 2007 and 2013.
Contents
Jakarta geography
- See also Jakarta#Geography
The area of the Jakarta Special District is 662 km2 of land area and 6,977 km2 of sea area.[1]
Jakarta lies in a low, flat basin, averaging 7 metres (23 ft) above sea level;[citation needed] 40% of Jakarta, particularly the northern areas, is below sea level,[2] while the southern parts are comparatively hilly.
Rivers flow from the Puncak highlands to the south of the city, across the city northwards towards the Java Sea; the Ciliwung River, divides the city into the western and eastern principalities. Other rivers include the Pesanggrahan, and Suntnd high sea tides.
Other contributing factors include clogged sewage pipes and waterways that service an increasing population, in addition to deforestation near rapidly urbanizing Bogor and Depok in Jakarta's hinterland.
Jakarta is an urban area with complex socio-economic problems that indirectly contribute to triggering a flood event.[3]
1996 floods
Major floods occurred in 1996[4][5] when 5,000 hectares of land were flooded.[6]
2002 floods
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2007 floods
- See also 2007 Jakarta flood
Major floods also occurred in 2007.[7] Losses from infrastructure damage and state revenue were at least 5.2 trillion rupiah (572 million US dollars) and at least 190,000 people have fallen ill due flood related illnesses70,000. Approximately 70% of Jakarta's total area was flooded with water up to four meters deep in parts of the city.[8][9]
2013 floods
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Pollution issues
In May 2011, the Jakarta Environmental Management Agency categorized all rivers in Jakarta as polluted; 71% of them were heavily polluted, 20% were partly polluted and 9% were lightly polluted.[10]
Remedies
Flood canals
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East Flood Canal (BKT) in eastern Jakarta was a national project which began in 2003 and late 2009 reached the Java sea and will be accomplished in 2011. It was 23.5 kilometers length which linking five rivers: Cipinang, Sunter, Buaran, Jati Kramat and Cakung. It will reduce flood and hope as a 2 kilometers rowing sport venue too.[11] To ease from flood, Jakarta Emergency Dredging Innitiave (JEDI) phase-2 will make underground canal (siphon) from Ciliwung river to Cipinang river and then go through to East Flood Canal. It will lowering flood at Cawang, Kampung Melayu, Bukit Duri and Kebun Baru. The length will be one kilometer and will be finished at 2016.[12]
Continuing issues
Jakarta sinking
Besides flood from the rivers, Jakarta is also sinking about 5 to 10 centimeters each year and up to 20 centimeters in northern Jakarta mainland. To solve it, the Netherlands will give $4 million for a feasibility study to build a dike on Jakarta Bay. The ring dike will be provided with pumping system and retention area, would regulate and control seawater and use also as additional toll road. The project will be built by 2025.[13]
Construction of an 8 km sea wall along the coast was officially launched on Oct. 9, 2014.[14]
See also
Notes
- ↑ Based on Governor Decree in 2007, No. 171. taken from Statistics DKI Jakarta Provincial Office, Jakarta in Figures, 2008, BPS, Province of DKI Jakarta
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- ↑ Jakarta Flood Feb 2007 « (Geo) Information for All[dead link]
- ↑ 2007 Global Register of Major Flood Events, Dartmouth Flood Observatory, 1 May 2008
- ↑ Jakartans lament the sorry state of the capital’s rivers. The Jakarta Post, Jakarta. May 20, 2011
- ↑ Minister: Jakarta East Flood Canal accomplished in 2011. Waspada.co.id (30 November 2010). Retrieved 12 June 2011.
- ↑ :: Wartakotalive.com | Berita : Kali Ciliwung Disodet. Wartakota.co.id (14 April 2010). Retrieved 12 June 2011.
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