Former Yan

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Former Yan (前燕)
燕
337–370
Capital Jicheng (棘城) (337-341)
Longcheng (341-350)
Jicheng (薊城) (350-357)
Yecheng (357-370)
Government Monarchy
Emperor
 •  337-348 Murong Huang
 •  348-360 Murong Jun
 •  360-370 Murong Wei
History
 •  Murong Huang's claim of princely title 23 November 337[1][2] 337
 •  Murong Jun's claim of imperial title 4 January 353[3][4]
 •  Fall of Yecheng 11 December 370[5][6]
 •  Disestablished 370
Preceded by		 Succeeded by
Jin Dynasty (265-420)
Ran Wei
Former Qin

The Former Yan (Chinese: 前燕; pinyin: Qiányàn; 337-370) was a state of Xianbei ethnicity during the era of Sixteen Kingdoms in China.

Initially, Murong Huang and his son Murong Jun claimed the Jin Dynasty (265-420)-created title "Prince of Yan," but subsequently, in 352, after seizing most of the former Later Zhao territory, Murong Jun would declare himself emperor, and after that point, the rulers of the Former Yan declared themselves "emperors".

History

In winter 342, the Xianbei of Former Yan, ruled by the Murong clan, attacked Goguryeo's capital, and destroying the capital Hwando and forcing its King Gogukwon to flee for a while. The Xianbei used the Goguryeo people for slave labor. Buyeo was also destroyed by the Xianbei in 346, the Korean peninsula also became subject to Xianbei migration.[7] The Xianbei enslaved 50,000 men and women from Goguryeo in addition to taking the queen mother and queen prisoner after the capital was seized during their 342 invasion of Goguryeo.[8]

Their capital was Yen (Beijing) in 350, then Ye (Changteh) in 357, and finally Loyang in 364.[9]

Rulers of the Former Yan

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See also: Emperors family tree
Temple names Posthumous names Family names and given name Durations of reigns Era names and their according durations
Chinese convention: use family and given names
Taizu (太祖 Taìzǔ) Wenming (文明 Wénmíng) 慕容皝 Mùróng Huǎng 337-348 Yanwang (燕王 Yànwáng) 337-348
Liezong (烈宗 Lièzōng) Jingzhao (景昭 Jǐngzhāo) 慕容儁 Mùróng Jùn 348-360 Yanwang (燕王 Yànwáng) 348-353
Yuanxi (元璽 Yuánxǐ) 353-357
Guangshou (光壽 Guāngshoù) 357-360
Did not exist You (幽 Yōu) 慕容暐 Mùróng Wěi 360-370 Jianxi (建熙 Jiànxī) 360-370

See also

Notes and references

  1. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 95.
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 99.
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 102.
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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