Franz Xaver Niemetschek
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. Franz Xaver Niemetschek (Czech: František Xaver Němeček; Polish: Niemeczek) (Sadská, Bohemia, 24 July 1766 – 19 March 1849, Vienna) was a Czech philosopher, teacher and music critic. He wrote the first full-length biography of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart which has remained an important source of information about the composer.
Life
Niemetschek (who always spelt his name "Nemetschek"[citation needed]) came from a large, musical family. He received his schooling in Prague at the Gymnasium and read philosophy at the university. He taught poetry and Latin at the Gymnasiums in Pilsen and started a music publishing business. In 1800 he was awarded a doctorate and in 1802 he became professor at Prague University, lecturing on logic, ethics and pedagogy. The composer Jan Hugo Vořišek was one of his pupils. He was made a freeman of Pilsen and Prague for his many valuable contributions to the arts, e.g. as director of the institute for the deaf and dumb. He wrote books on music history. He lived near the residence of Josepha Duschekova in the Liechtenstein Palace in the Lesser Quarters of Prague, and was a frequent visitor at the musical gatherings in Bertramka. In 1820 he retired to Vienna after disagreements with the university authorities.
Niemetschek was one of the first music critics in Prague. He saw the Singspiel as the principal factor in the decline of musical standards in the city.
Niemetschek died in Vienna at the age of 82 and is buried in St. Marx Cemetery. Unfortunately his estate, which contained many valuable documents, is now lost.
His Mozart biography
Mozart's widow Constanze made many documents available to him for his research. His book Leben des k.k. Kapellmeisters Wolfgang Gottlieb Mozart was published in 1798. Later, in 1808, it was published in an altered form with the title Lebensbeschreibung des k.k. Kapellmeisters Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Niemetschek claimed to have had a long association with Mozart, but the lack of direct quotations or citings of personal conversations leads some scholars to doubt his claims.[1] However, he welcomed Mozart’s two surviving sons into his home in the Lesser Quarter and became a foster father figure to them.
As the biography makes clear, Niemetschek was very proud of his Czech nationality, and he strongly emphasizes the warm reception that Mozart received during his visits to Prague. See Mozart and Prague.
Based on research by Austrian scholar Walther Brauneis severe doubt has recently been cast on the veracity of Niemetschek's claim that he actually made Mozart's personal acquaintance.[2]
Notes
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
"Niemetschek... implies that he knew Mozart.... [His] future wife ... fashioned hats for Constanze Mozart.... [He] himself never saw the composer.... didn't move to Prague until 1793." - ↑ Walther Brauneis: "Franz Xaver Niemetschek: Sein Umgang mit Mozart – Eine Legende?", Internationaler Musikwissenschaftlicher Kongreß zum Mozartjahr 1991, Baden-Vienna, ed. Ingrid Fuchs, (Hans Schneider, Tutzing 1993), pp. 491-503.
References
- Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, edited by Stanley Sadie; 1980; ISBN 1-56159-174-2
- Salfellner, Harold (2003) Mozart and Prague. Vitalis. ISBN 80-7253-069-0.
External links
- Works by Franz Xaver Niemetschek at Project Gutenberg
- Lua error in Module:Internet_Archive at line 573: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).
- Articles containing Czech-language text
- Articles containing Polish-language text
- Articles with unsourced statements from July 2011
- Articles with Internet Archive links
- Use dmy dates from July 2011
- 1766 births
- 1849 deaths
- People from Sadská
- Czech musicians
- Czech philosophers
- Mozart scholarship
- Biographers
- 18th-century Bohemian people
- 19th-century Czech people
- Czech non-fiction writers