Gorboduc (play)
Gorboduc, also titled Ferrex and Porrex, is an English play from 1561. It was first performed at the Christmas celebration given by the Inner Temple in 1561, and performed before Queen Elizabeth I on 18 January 1562, by the Gentlemen of the Inner Temple.[1] The authors were Thomas Norton and Thomas Sackville, said to be responsible for the first three Acts, and the final two, respectively.
The first quarto, published by the bookseller William Griffith, was published 22 September 1565.[2] A second authorized quarto corrected by the authors followed in 1570 printed by John Day with the title The Tragedie of Ferrex and Porrex. A third edition was published in 1590 by Edward Allde.[3]
The play is notable for several reasons: as the first verse drama in English to employ blank verse; for its political subject matter (the realm of Gorboduc is disputed by his sons Ferrex and Porrex), which was still a touchy area in the early years of Elizabeth's reign, while the succession to the throne was unclear; for its manner, progressing from the models of the morality play and Senecan tragedy in the direction which would be followed by later playwrights. That is, it can be seen as a forerunner of the whole trend that would later produce Titus Andronicus and King Lear. It also provides the first well-documented performance of a play in Ireland: Charles Blount, 8th Baron Mountjoy staged it at Dublin Castle in 1601.[4]
Synopsis
At the play's beginning, the argument gives the following summary of the play's action: "Gorboduc, King of Britain, divided his realm in his lifetime to his sons, Ferrex and Porrex. The sons fell to dissention. The younger killed the elder. The mother that more dearly loved the elder, for revenge killed the younger. The people, moved with the cruelty of the fact, rose in rebellion and slew both father and mother. The nobility assembled and most terribly destroyed the rebels. And afterward for want of issue of the prince, whereby the succession of the crown became uncertain, they fell to civil war in which both they and many of their issues were slain, and the land for a long time almost desolate and miserably wasted."
Characters
- Gorboduc, King of Great Britain
- Videna, Queen and wife to King Gorboduc
- Ferrex, Elder Son to King Gorboduc
- Porrex, Younger Son to King
- Clotyn, Duke of Cornewall
- Fergus, Duke of Albany
- Mandud, Duke of Leagre
- Gwenard, Duke of Cumberland
- Eubulus, Secretary to the king Gorboduc
- Arostus, A Counsellour of king Gorboduc
- Dordan, A Counsellour assigned by the king to his Eldest Son Ferrex
- Philander, A Counsellour assigned by the king to his younger Son Porrex
- Hermon, A Parasite of Ferrex
- Tyndar, A Parasite of Porrex
- Nuntius, A Messenger of Ferrex's death
- Nuntius, A Messenger of Duke Fergus rising
- Marcella, A Lady of the Queen's privy Chamber
- Chorus, Four ancient and sage men of Britain
References
- ↑ Ribner, Irving. (1957) The English History Play In The Age Of Shakespeare, pp. 37-8.
- ↑ Cauthen, I. B. (1962) "'Gorboduc, Ferrex and Porrex'": The First Two Quartos". Studies in Bibliography 15: 231-3; p. 231.
- ↑ Ribner (1957) p. 38.
- ↑ Carroll, Jame S. (2004) "Gorboduc and Titus Andronicus", Notes and Queries, 51: 267-9.
