Grade I listed buildings in Cheshire West and Chester
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There are over 9,000 Grade I listed buildings in England. This page is a list of these buildings in the unitary authority of Cheshire West and Chester.
List of buildings
Name | Location | Type | Completed [note 1] | Date designated | Grid ref.[note 2] Geo-coordinates |
Notes | Entry number [note 3] | Image |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aldford Iron Bridge | Aldford | Bridge | 1824 | 4 June 1952 | SJ4182960087 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
A bridge designed by Thomas Telford and built by William Hazledine for the 1st Marquis of Westminster. It is built in cast iron and has yellow sandstone abutments forming a single arch. There are cast iron railings, and double gates at the crown of the bridge.[1][2] | 1129943 | |
St Peter's Church | Aston-by-Sutton | Church | 1695 | 8 January 1970 | SJ5558478464 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
The chancel dates from 1695, and the nave was built between in 1736 and 1740. The interior of the church was altered during the 19th and early 20th centuries, and the church was repaired in 1949–50 following damage by a land mine in 1940. The building is constructed in Runcorn sandstone, and is in Georgian style.[3][4][5][6] | 1138491 | |
Walls of the outer bailey at Beeston Castle | Beeston | Castle | c.1220 | 1 March 1967 | SJ5392159148 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Built for Ranulf de Blondeville, 6th Earl of Chester, the sandstone castle was damaged in the Civil War. Remaining are the lower courses of the outer bailey. These include the remains of the towers and walls, with a gap at the site of the former gatehouse. The structure is under the care of English Heritage, and the whole site is a scheduled monument.[7][8][9] | 1130513 | |
Walls, towers and gatehouse of the inner bailey at Beeston Castle | Beeston | Castle | c.1220 | 1 March 1967 | SJ5370059266 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Built for Ranulf de Blondeville, 6th Earl of Chester, the sandstone castle was damaged in the Civil War. Remaining are the gatehouse with its D-shaped towers, and parts of the curtain walls and its incorporated D-shaped towers. The structure is under the care of English Heritage, and the whole site is a scheduled monument.[7][8][10] | 1330329 | |
Lower Carden Hall | Carden | House | 15th century or earlier | 22 October 1952 | SJ4602252230 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
The hall was later enlarged and otherwise altered. It is basically timber-framed, with plaster panels on a sandstone plinth. The hall is in two storeys, with slate roofs and casement windows. There are large elaborate brick chimneystacks. In about 1984 the hall was restored, with a brick inner skin and steelwork.[11][12] | 1229918 | |
A Block | Chester Castle | Castle | Dated 1810 | 26 February 1985 | SJ4049265859 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1271824 | ||
Agricola Tower | Chester Castle | Castle | Late 12th or early 13th century | 26 February 1985 | SJ4048265740 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1271825 | ||
Assize Courts Block | Chester Castle | Prison | 1788–1801 | 1 June 1967 | SJ4050365795 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1271823 | ||
B Block | Chester Castle | Gate | 1804 | 26 February 1985 | SJ4044665762 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1245520 | ||
Curtain wall to west and south west of inner bailey, Chester Castle | Chester Castle | Wall | After 1246 | 1 June 1967 | SJ4043065741 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1245537 | ||
Propylaea | Chester Castle | Gate | 1811–13 | 1 June 1967 | SJ4040365841 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1271822 | ||
St Edith's Church | Church Shocklach | Church | c. 1150 | 1 March 1967 | SJ4318050180 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
This is one of the oldest ecclesiastical buildings in Cheshire, and has a Norman doorway. The chancel and chancel arch date from the early 14th century, the ceiling was added in 1813 and the belfry was built in 1815. During a restoration in 1974 a semicircular window was added to the west wall.[13][14][15][16] | 1228322 | |
Eaton Chapel north of Eaton Hall | Eaton Park, Eaton | Chapel | 1873–84 | 2 November 1983 | SJ4139160776 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
A private chapel, with a clock tower, designed by Alfred Waterhouse for the 1st Duke of Westminster. It is built in sandstone with a slate roof, and consists of a nave and an apsed chancel. Inside is a gallery over a narthex, mosaics, an effigy of Constance, Duchess of Westminster, by Joseph Boehm, marble fittings and furniture, and stained glass.[17][18] | 1330615 | |
Golden Gates and overthrow, screens and pair of wing lodges at Eaton Hall | Eaton Park, Eaton | Gate | Early 18th century | 4 June 1952 | SJ4128860722 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
The central pair of gates and the adjacent screen railings are by Robert and John Davies of Croes Foel. In about 1880 further side gates and screens, and a pair of lodges were added, all of which were designed by Alfred Waterhouse. The gates and screens are in wrought iron, and are painted black and gold. The lodges are in stone, they are in French Renaissance style, and each consists of a single chamber.[19][20] | 1136138 | |
Church of St Mary | Eccleston | Church | 1899 | 1 June 1967 | SJ4129062632 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1138410 | ||
Farndon Bridge | Farndon | Bridge | 1339 | 1 March 1967 | SJ4117354412 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
The road bridge crosses the River Dee between the villages of Farndon and Holt, and is partly in Wales. It is constructed in sandstone, and consists of eight arches, five of which are cross the river. The bridge is also a scheduled monument.[21][22][23][24] | 1279428 | |
Church of St Lawrence | Frodsham | Church | Late 12th century | 8 January 1970 | SJ5212277293 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
The parish church of Frodsham stands in an elevated position to the east of the centre of the town. A church has been present on the site since the late 11th century. The fabric of the present church dates from the late 12th century, and its interior has arcades containing Norman material. The tower dates from the 14th century. In the 1880s there was some rebuilding of the interior by Bodley and Garner.[25][26] | 1253193 | |
Belmont Hall | Great Budworth | Country house | 1775 | 4 March 1969 | SJ6548578340 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Designed as a country house, and designed by James Gibbs, although changes were made to the design during construction. It is built in brown brick and has a slate roof. The entrance façade is symmetrical with seven bays and three storeys. Internally there is fine plaster decoration in Rococo style. As of 2013 the building is occupied by Cransley School.[27][28][29] | 1139129 | |
St Mary and All Saints' Church | Great Budworth | Church | 14th century | 8 January 1970 | SJ6648577523 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
The oldest part of the church is the Lady chapel, dating from the 14th century, with the rest of the church being built in the following two centuries. Alterations were carried out during the 19th century by various architects, including Anthony Salvin, William Butterfield and John Douglas, when the church's major benefactor was Rowland Egerton-Warburton of Arley Hall. It is constructed in sandstone, and its architectural style is Perpendicular.[30][31][32] | 1139156 | |
Ince Manor | Ince | House | Late 13th century | 26 September 1963 | SJ4493376548 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
This consists of a group of buildings which were formerly a monastic grange. The remaining buildings are in two blocks, the old hall (pictured) and the monastic cottages, forming two sides of a courtyard. They are built in sandstone. The hall has an arched doorway, and mullioned and transomed windows. The cottages had become derelict towards the end of the 20th century, but have been restored. They have rectangular doorways and windows. The former grange is also a scheduled monument.[33][34][35] | 1138810 | |
Church of St Oswald | Malpas | Church | Late 14th century | 1 March 1967 | SJ4864447189 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1135959 | ||
St Peter's Church | Plemstall, Mickle Trafford | Church | 15th century | 1 June 1967 | SJ4571070092 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
The church stands in an isolated position, and is built in sandstone with slate roofs. It is in Perpendicular style. The tower, with its embattled parapet, and crocketed finials, was added in 1826. The church consists of a nave and chancel in one range, a north aisle, a south porch, and a west tower. Many of the furnishings inside the church were carved by a former incumbent.[36][37] | 1279021 | |
St Oswald's Church | Lower Peover | Church | Late 14th century | 3 January 1967 | SJ7432174167 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
The nave and chancel date probably from the late 14th and 15th centuries, the west tower was added in 1582, and the aisles were altered and re-roofed in 1852 by Anthony Salvin. The body of the church is timber-framed, and the tower is in sandstone.[38][39] | 1139104 | |
St Helen's Church | Northwich | Church | 14th century | 24 March 1950 | SJ6643673805 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Additions were made in the 15th and 16th centuries. During the 19th century there was a series of restorations, the last in 1883–86 when Paley and Austin also widened the north aisle, added a vestry and created a baptistry. The church is constructed in sandstone. It has a west tower and a canted east end.[40][41][42] | 1329880 | |
Winnington Hall | Northwich | Country house | c. 1600 | 24 March 1950 | SJ6450574749 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
This originated as a timber-framed country house. An additional stone wing was added in 1775 by Samuel Wyatt. During the 19th century it was used as a school, until in 1872 it was bought by Sir John Brunner and Ludwig Mond who each lived in a wing. After the First World War it was converted into a club for the use of the workers at the local chemical works, and has since has been made into offices.[43][44][45][46][47] | 1310245 | |
Abbey Gate College Gatehouse | Saighton | Gateway | 1490 | 1 June 1967 | SJ4430761793 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1138394 | ||
Church of St Michael | Shotwick | Church | Late 11th century | 1 June 1967 | SJ3367971771 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1145903 | ||
Sutton Hall | Sutton | House | 15th century | 8 January 1970 | SJ5448679081 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
The hall was extended later. Externally it is constructed in brown brick. The hall has two storeys and attics, and contains timber-framed medieval halls that were encased in brick in the 18th century.[48][49] | 1253572 | |
Church of St Andrew | Tarvin | Church | Late 14th century | 1 March 1967 | SJ4918966963 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1330302 | ||
Church of St Mary | Thornton-le-Moors | Church | 14th century onwards | 1 June 1967 | SJ4415774550 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1330242 | ||
Chapel of St Chad | Tushingham cum Grindley | Chapel of ease | 1689–91 | 1 March 1967 | SJ5275046283 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1130605 | ||
Utkinton Hall | Utkinton | Farmhouse | Medieval | 10 March 1953 | SJ5532664616 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
This former manor house has a medieval core, but most of the present house dates from the 17th and 18th centuries, since when it has been reduced in size. What remains is an L-shaped building in sandstone and brick, with slate roofs. It includes a row of four gables, one of which is timber-framed.[50][51] | 1329835 | |
St Mary's Church | Weaverham | Church | Mid-15th century | 3 January 1967 | SJ6169174237 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
A church has been present on the site since before the Norman conquest. The oldest part of the present church is the tower, with the rest dating from the 16th century. It was restored in 1855 by Anthony Salvin, and in 1877 by John Douglas. Its style is late Perpendicular. The font consists of a 13th-century column carrying a bowl from the 14th or 15th century, and a Jacobean cover.[52][53][54] | 1287233 | |
Abbey Gateway | Chester | Gatehouse | c.1300 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4050266487 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376366 | ||
Barnaby's Tower | Chester | Tower | Probably 13th century | 28 July 1955 | SJ4079465987 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376168 | ||
Bear and Billet Public House | Chester | Jettied house | 1664 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4064465831 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376318 | ||
Bonewaldesthorne Tower | Chester | Angle tower | 1249–61 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4003866552 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376128 | ||
Cathedral Church of Christ and the Blessed Virgin Mary | Chester | Cathedral | c.1100 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4060066446 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376398 | ||
Chester weir and salmon leap | River Dee, Chester | Weir | 1093 | 23 July 1998 | SJ4076765828 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1375691 | ||
Church of St John the Baptist | Chester | Church | Late 11th century | 28 July 1955 | SJ4092266138 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1375977 | ||
Church of St Peter | Chester | Church | 14th century onwards | 28 July 1955 | SJ4052666300 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376247 | ||
City Wall from Bonewaldesthorne Tower to Pemberton's Parlour | Chester | Wall | Late 11th–early 12th century | 28 July 1955 | SJ4012166578 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376130 | ||
Falcon Inn | Chester | Jettied house | 16th century | 28 July 1955 | SJ4056066060 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376292 | ||
Former monastic buildings to Cathedral Church of Christ and the Blessed Virgin | Chester | Abbey | Early 12th century | 28 July 1955 | SJ4058366490 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376397 | ||
Grosvenor Bridge | Chester | Road bridge | 1827–33 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4021665546 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1375839 | ||
Kaleyard Gate | Chester | Town gate | c.1275 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4065866536 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376161 | ||
Morgan's Mount | Chester | Gun emplacement | 1640s | 28 July 1955 | SJ4024266626 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376134 | ||
Cowper House – Nos. 10 (Row) and 12 (Street), Bridge St. | Chester | Town house | 13th century | 28 July 1955 | SJ4050766244 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376063 | ||
Old Crypt – Nos. 11 (Street) and 15 and 15a (Row), Watergate St. | Chester | Town house | c.1300 | 18 July 1955 | SJ4047766256 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376424 | ||
Leche House – Nos. 17 (Street) and 21 (Row), Watergate St. | Chester | Galleried row house | Late 15th century | 28 July 1955 | SJ4046166250 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376427 | ||
Crypt Building – Nos. 28 (Street) and 34 (Row), Eastgate St. | Chester | Town house | c.1300 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4061166290 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376232 | ||
St Ursula's – Nos. 37 (Street) and 45 (Row), Watergate St. | Chester | Galleried row house | c.1180–1280 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4041466232 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376436 | ||
No. 39 Bridge Street | Chester | Bath house | 2nd century Roman | 28 July 1955 | SJ4056166172 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376085 | ||
Bishop Lloyd's House – No. 41 (Street) and 51 and 53 (Row), Watergate St. | Chester | Apartment | Medieval | 28 July 1955 | SJ4040066232 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376439 | ||
Three Old Arches – Nos. 48 and 50 (Street) and 48, 50 and 52 (Row), Bridge St. | Chester | Town house | c.1200 and later | 10 January 1972 | SJ4053566121 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376095 | ||
Blue Bell – Nos. 63 and 65, Northgate St. | Chester | Timber-framed house | Mid–late C15 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4042466617 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376358 | ||
Booth Mansion – Nos. 28–34 (Street) and 28 and 30 (Row), Watergate St. | Chester | Galleried row house | 1700 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4042966276 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376434 | ||
Old Dee Bridge | Chester | Road bridge | Late 14th century | 28 July 1955 | SJ4071765745 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1375850 | ||
Part of City Wall between Morgan's Mount and Northgate | Chester | Wall | 1702–08 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4032566648 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376135 | ||
Part of City Wall from Barnaby's Tower to tower east of Bridgegate | Chester | Wall | 1702–08 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4076365917 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376169 | ||
Part of City Wall from County Hall (not included) to Grosvenor Road | Chester | Wall | Late 11th to early 12th century | 28 July 1955 | SJ4042965662 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376174 | ||
Part of City Wall from Eastgate to Thimbleby's Tower and attached gravestones | Chester | Wall | Late 1st to early 2nd century | 28 July 1955 | SJ4071666311 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376163 | ||
Part of City Wall from Grosvenor Road to the Watergate | Chester | Wall | 1702–08 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4026365841 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376175 | ||
Part of City Wall from Northgate to Phoenix Tower | Chester | Wall | 1702–08 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4050466699 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376136 | ||
Part of City Wall from Pemberton's Parlour to St Martin's Gate (not included) | Chester | Wall | 1702–08 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4017466596 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376132 | ||
Part of City Wall from Phoenix Tower to Kaleyard Gate | Chester | Wall | 1702–08 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4062166671 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376158 | ||
Part of City Wall from St Martin's Gate (not included) to Morgan's Mount | Chester | Wall | 1702–08 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4023166619 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376133 | ||
Part of City Wall from the Newgate to Barnaby's Tower | Chester | Wall | 1702–08 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4077066071 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376167 | ||
Part of City Wall from the Watergate to Bonewaldesthorne Tower | Chester | Wall | 1702–08 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4009366383 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376176 | ||
Part of City Wall from Thimbleby's Tower to Old Newgate | Chester | Wall | 1702–08 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4074966175 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376165 | ||
Part of City Wall with tower base from Kaleyard Gate to Eastgate | Chester | Wall | 1702–08 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4066966492 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376162 | ||
Part of City Walls from Bridgegate to drum tower 50 metres east | Chester | Wall | 1702–08 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4070365842 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376172 | ||
Pemberton's Parlour (aka Goblin Tower) | Chester | Gate | After 1708 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4015366590 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376131 | ||
Phoenix Tower (aka King Charles' Tower) | Chester | Angle tower | 13th century | 28 July 1955 | SJ4061066712 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376157 | ||
Recorder's Steps | Chester | Steps | 1820–22 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4077065921 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376170 | ||
Remains of Roman Amphitheatre | Chester | Amphitheatre | 2nd century Roman | 10 January 1972 | SJ4082366192 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1375863 | ||
Roman shrine to Minerva | Chester | Shrine | Early 2nd century Roman | 28 July 1955 | SJ4066765613 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1375783 | ||
South-east angle tower and wall of Roman legionary fortress | Chester | Angle tower | Late 1st–early 2nd century Roman | 10 January 1972 | SJ4075166165 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376166 | ||
Spur Wall and Water Tower | Chester | Tower | 1322–26 | 28 July 1955 | SJ3999766544 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376129 | ||
St Mary's Centre | Chester | Church | 14th century | 28 July 1955 | SJ4055365844 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376382 | ||
The Bridgegate | Chester | Archway | 1781–82 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4067565829 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376320 | ||
The Eastgate and Clock | Chester | Archway | 1768–69 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4071166343 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376249 | ||
The Northgate | Chester | Archway | 1810 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4041166674 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376370 | ||
The Watergate | Chester | Archway | 1857 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4013766184 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376468 | ||
Thimbleby's Tower | Chester | Angle tower | 13th century | 28 July 1955 | SJ4075166183 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376164 | ||
Unnamed drum tower 50 metres east of the Bridgegate | Chester | Tower | 1702–08 | 28 July 1955 | SJ4071365846 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
1376171 |
Notes
- ↑ The date given is the date used by Historic England as significant for the initial building or that of an important part in the structure's description.
- ↑ Sometimes known as OSGB36, the grid reference is based on the British national grid reference system used by the Ordnance Survey.
- ↑ The "List Entry Number" is a unique number assigned to each listed building and scheduled monument by Historic England.
See also
- Grade I listed buildings in Cheshire
- Grade I listed buildings in Cheshire West and Chester
- Grade I listed buildings in Cheshire East
- Grade I listed buildings in Warrington
- Grade I listed buildings in Halton (borough)
- Grade II* listed buildings in Cheshire West and Chester
References
Citations
- ↑ Hartwell et al. (2011), p. 95
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Hartwell et al. (2011), pp. 115–116
- ↑ Richards (1950), pp. 115–135
- ↑ Starkey (1990), p. 60
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Hartwell et al. (2011), pp. 127–128
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Hartwell et al. (2011), p. 203
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Richards (1947), pp. 145–146
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Hartwell et al. (2011), pp. 347–348
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Hartwell et al. (2011), p. 349
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Hartwell et al. (2011), p. 359
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Hartwell et al. 2011, pp. 361–362.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Hartwell et al. (2011), pp. 378–379
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Hartwell et al. (2011), pp. 375–377
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Hartwell et al. (2011), pp. 414–415
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Hartwell et al. (2011), pp. 528–529
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Hartwell et al. (2011), pp. 438–439
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Hartwell et al. (2011), pp. 512–513
- ↑ Richards (1947), pp. 360–364
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Hartwell et al. (2011), pp. 677–679
- ↑ de Figueiredo & Treuherz (1988), pp. 197–203
- ↑ Koss (170), pp. 28–29
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Hartwell et al. (2011), p. 617
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Hartwell et al. (2011), pp. 645–646
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Hartwell et al. (2011), pp. 659–660
- ↑ Richards (1947), pp. 345–348
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Sources
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Notes
External links
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