Great-winged petrel
| Great-winged petrel | |
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| File:Pterodroma macroptera in flight 3 - SE Tasmania.jpg | |
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P. macroptera
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| Pterodroma macroptera (Smith, 1840)
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The great-winged petrel (Pterodroma macroptera) is a petrel. In New Zealand it is also known by its Māori name oi and (along with other species such as the sooty shearwater) as a muttonbird.
Contents
Taxonomy
This species was formerly treated as containing two subspecies - P. m. macroptera and P. m. gouldi, the latter of which is endemic to New Zealand. As of 2014, the latter is recognized as a species in its own right, the grey-faced petrel (Pterodroma gouldi).[1] In 2016 further research was published supporting the full species status of the grey-faced petrel.[2]
Description
This is a large seabird, with a body length of 42-45 cm. The bird is completely dark brown except for a variable patch of white near the base of the bill, which is black.[1]
It is separated from sooty shearwater and short-tailed shearwater by the all-dark underwing, the thick, stubby bill, and different jizz. The similar flesh-footed shearwater has a light, pinkish bill. Petrels in the genus Procellaria are larger and have a less bounding flight.[citation needed]
Distribution
The great-winged petrel breeds in the Southern Hemisphere between 30 and 50 degrees south with colonies on Tristan da Cunha, Gough Island, the Crozet Islands, the Prince Edward Islands, the Kerguelen Islands and on the coasts of southern Australia and northern New Zealand. It is a rare vagrant to the Pacific Ocean off the coast of California, United States.[1]
Ecology
The species feeds mostly on squid and to a lesser degree on fish and crustaceans. Prey is generally caught at night, by dipping and surface-seizing. The great-winged petrel will on occasion follow whales and associate with other related bird species to feed. Breeding occurs in the southern winter (beginning in April); nests are either solitary or in small colonies, located in burrows or aboveground among boulders or low vegetation.[1]
References
Further reading
- Harrison, Peter. Seabirds of the World: A Photographic Guide. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 1987, ISBN 0-691-01551-1
- Marchant S, Higgins PJ (1990) Handbook of Australian, New Zealand & Antarctic birds, Volume 1, Part A: Ratites to Petrels, Vol. Oxford University Press, Melbourne
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External links
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Wikispecies has information related to: Pterodroma macroptera |
- Pages with broken file links
- IUCN Red List least concern species
- Articles with unsourced statements from April 2016
- Pterodroma
- Animals described in 1840
- Birds of Africa
- Birds of New Zealand
- Birds of South Africa
- Birds of South Australia
- Birds of Tasmania
- Fauna of the Kerguelen Islands
- Fauna of the Prince Edward Islands
