Greater administrative area

Greater administrative areas (simplified Chinese: 大行政区; traditional Chinese: 大行政區; pinyin: Dàxíngzhèngqū) were early top-level administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China that directly governed provinces and municipalities. These were the largest-ever political divisions of China and were controlled by the Central People's Government. They were dissolved between June and November 1954.

List

The greater administrative areas originated from the districts governed by governors-general (总督辖区; 總督轄區; Zǒngdū xiáqū) established during the late Qing dynasty. The six greater administrative areas were:

Area	Chinese Simplified Traditional	Initial subdivisions	1st secretary	1st chairman	Capital	Creation	People's gov't creation
Huabei Area (North China)	华北区 華北區	Hebei, Shanxi, Chahar, Pingyuan, Suiyuan, Beijing, and Tianjin	Liu Shaoqi	Dong Biwu	Beijing	May 1948	August 1948
Dongbei Area (Northeast)	东北区 東北區	Songjiang, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Liaodong, Liaoxi, Rehe, Lüshun-Dalian, Shenyang, Benxi, Anshan, and Fushun	Gao Gang	Gao Gang	Shenyang	August 1946	August 1949
Huadong Area (East China)	华东区 華東區	Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian, Shandong, Shanghai, and Nanjing	Rao Shushi	Rao Shushi	Shanghai	January 1950
Zhongnan Area (Central and South)	中南区 中南區	Hubei, Hunan, Henan, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Hankou	Lin Biao	Lin Biao	Hankou	February 1950
Xibei Area (Northwest)	西北区 西北區	Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Xinjiang, and Xi'an	Peng Dehuai	Peng Dehuai	Xi'an	January 1950
Xinan Area (Southwest)	西南区 西南區	Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Xikang, and Chongqing	Deng Xiaoping	Liu Bocheng	Chongqing	February 1950

History

The highest officials of the greater administrative areas were known as chairmen (主席; Zhǔxí). (From this historical origin derives the term still used today for the top officials of China's autonomous regions.)

North China Area was the first to be abandoned on October 31, 1949 when New China's capital was established in Beijing. The provinces it governed were thenceforth directly controlled by the North China Branch (事务部; 事務部; Shìwù bù) of the Government Administration Council of the Central People's Government instead. In May 1952, control was again transferred, this time to the North China Administrative Council (行政委员会; 行政委員會; Xíngzhèng wěiyuánhuì) of the Government Administration Council.

Several other large-scale entities governed parts of China's territory during this time and were equivalent to greater administrative areas:

• Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
• Local Xizang Government (Tibet Region) - (西藏地方政府; Xīzàng dìfāng zhèngfǔ)
• The Executive Committee of Qiongyai Minority Nationality Autonomous Region - (琼崖少数民族自治区行政委员会; 瓊崖少數民族自治區行政委員會; Qióng yá shǎoshù mínzú zìzhìqū xíngzhèng wěiyuánhuì) from 1949, later assigned to Central and South China Area; the predecessor of Hainan

Except the Northeast, which was governed by a People's Government, the areas' highest government bodies were Military and Administrative Committees (军政委员会; 軍政委員會; Jūnzhèng wěiyuánhuì), which were replaced by administrative councils in November 1952.

Several domains in China today retain the same structure of geographic divisions as the GAAs. Military administrative regions, the divisions of some major banks, and civilian aviation districts are still divided in the same form as the greater administrative areas.

See also

• History of the political divisions of China