Guccifer

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Marcel Lazăr Lehel, known as Guccifer, is a Romanian hacker who is responsible for a number of high-level computer security breaches in the U.S. and Romania. Lehel targeted celebrities, Romanian and U.S. government officials, and other prominent persons.

The hacker first appeared in news media in February 2013 after The Smoking Gun reported he was responsible for hacking the AOL account of Dorothy Bush Koch, sister of former president George W. Bush.[1] Family photos of former president George H. W. Bush, who was in the hospital at the time, were circulated to the internet. He also circulated a self-portrait painted by George W. Bush. Guccifer has gone on to hack a number of AOL, Yahoo, Flickr and Facebook accounts, giving him access to information about current and former high-level government officials.

In January 2014, Lehel was jailed in his native Romania for seven years after being convicted of hacking emails of Romanian officials. Lehel was subsequently extradited by Romania to the United States, where he was indicted on federal charges. In May 2016, Lehel pleaded guilty in federal court to two charges. He is currently awaiting sentencing.

Background

Lehel is Romanian and half-Hungarian.[2] He lived in the village of Sambateni to the west of Arad in Romania.[2]

Computer hacking activities

Lehel has said that his pseudonym Guccifer is a portmanteau of Gucci and Lucifer (a reference, he says, to "the style of Gucci and the light of Lucifer").[3]

Lehel had no particular computer expertise, but instead used patience and persistence to obtain private information.[2] Lehel had "no fancy equipment, only a clunky NEC desktop and a Samsung cellphone, and no special skills beyond what he had picked up on the web."[2] He used the simple technique of finding information about his victims online and then using this to guess the correct answers to security questions.[2] At the time of his arrest in 2014, Guccifer was an unemployed taxi driver.[2]

Guccifer later hacked Colin Powell's website and accessed years' worth of his correspondence from another AOL account. The correspondence included personal financial information as well as e-mails to George Tenet, Richard Armitage, and John Negroponte.[4] Through six months of trial and error, Lehel guessed the password of Romanian politician Corina Crețu and gained access to her correspondence with Powell.[2]

The hacker also targeted U.S. Senator Lisa Murkowski; a senior UN official; members of the Rockefeller family; former FBI and Secret Service agents,[5] as well as the brother of Barbara Bush, CBS sportscaster Jim Nantz, and former Miss Maine Patricia Legere.[6]

On March 20, 2013, USA Today reported that Guccifer had successfully hacked the e-mail account of Sidney Blumenthal, a former aide to former president Bill Clinton.[7] He distributed private memos from Blumenthal to Secretary of State Hillary Clinton involving recent events in Libya, including the September 11, 2012 Benghazi attack.[8] Before distributing the memos, he copied and pasted the text into his own new documents, then reformatted them with pink backgrounds and Comic Sans font.[8] The hacker's IP address was traced to Russia, however there was no certainty as to whether this was his actual location or whether he had used a proxy to hide his true location.[9]

In early May 2013, Guccifer hacked into online accounts owned by two members of the Council on Foreign Relations, as well as accounts owned by Adam Posen and his wife and another owned by a former Federal Reserve Board official.[10]

TSG reported on May 7, 2013, that Guccifer had hacked the Twitter feed and e-mail account of Sex and the City author Candace Bushnell.[10] Bushnell spent several hours fighting for control of the accounts, while Guccifer publicly posted portions of an unpublished manuscript to Bushnell's Twitter feed. Guccifer sent an e-mail to TSG claiming responsibility for the hack using the AOL account of actor Rupert Everett.[10]

Prosecutions and imprisonment

Arrests and convictions in Romania

On 22 January 2014, Lehel, then age 40, was arrested by the Romanian law enforcement agency DIICOT (the Department of Investigation of Organized Crime and Terrorism Offenses, Direcția de Investigare a Infracțiunilor de Criminalitate Organizată și Terorism) at his home in Sâmbăteni, Arad County.[11][12]

In 2014, a Romanian court sentenced Lehel to four years in jail for accessing email accounts of public figures "with the aim of getting ... confidential data."[13]

Lehel had already had a police record in Romania, having been arrested and convicted there in 2011 for "hacking into the email accounts of Romanian starlets and other celebrities" under the name pseudonym Micul Fum ("Little Smoke").[2] He was serving a separate three-year sentence in Romania for those crimes.[13]

In an interview with the New York Times in November 2014 conducted while Lazar was imprisoned in the Arad Penitentiary, the hacker "read out a lengthy handwritten statement that he said explained the purpose of his hacking," which included "a potpourri of conspiracy theories about the terrorist attacks of Sept. 11, 2001, the 1997 death of Princess Diana and alleged plans for a nuclear attack in Chicago in 2015."[2] Lazar claimed that the world is run by the Illuminati and a cabal of others.[2]

U.S. indictment and extradition to the U.S.

On June 12, 2014, Lehel was indicted by a federal grand jury in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia in Alexandria, Virginia, on nine charges: three counts of wire fraud, three counts of gaining unauthorized access to protected computers, and one count each of aggravated identity theft, cyberstalking and obstruction of justice.[13][14][15]

The indictment alleged that: "From December 2012 to January 2014, Lazar hacked into the email and social media accounts of high-profile victims, including a family member of two former U.S. presidents, a former U.S. Cabinet member, a former member of the U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff and a former presidential advisor. After gaining unauthorized access to their email and social media accounts, Lazar publicly released his victims' private email correspondence, medical and financial information, and personal photographs. The indictment also alleges that in July and August 2013, Lazar impersonated a victim after compromising the victim's account."[15]

In March 2016, Romania approved an eighteen-month temporary extradition to the United States, and Lehel was surrendered to U.S. authorities.[13][14] Since his extradition, Lehel has been detained in Alexandria, Virginia.[9] He made his first U.S. court appearance on April 1, 2016.[16]

Claim regarding Hillary Clinton email server

In May 2016—one month after being extradited to the U.S., and while jailed in Virginia awaiting trial—Guccifer claimed to have repeatedly hacked Hillary Clinton's email server. This claim occurred in the midst of an ongoing FBI probe of Clinton's use of a private email server while serving as United States Secretary of State. Lazar claimed that the server was "like an open orchid on the Internet"[17] and that "it was easy ... easy for me, for everybody."[9]

Guccifer offered no evidence to substantiate his claim,[18] and U.S. investigators have dismissed the claim because there is no evidence to support it.[19][20] U.S. officials also said that if the hacker really did access Clinton emails, he would have publicly released them, as he did with the emails of his hacking victims.[20]

Guilty plea on U.S. charges

On May 25, 2016, Lazar—then age 44—pleaded guilty in U.S. federal court to unauthorized access to a protected computer and aggravated identity theft as part of a plea agreement with federal prosecutors.[21]

According to a Justice Department press release:

"In a statement of facts filed with his plea agreement, Lazar admitted that from at least October 2012 to January 2014, he intentionally gained unauthorized access to personal email and social media accounts belonging to approximately 100 Americans, and he did so to unlawfully obtain his victims’ personal information and email correspondence. His victims included an immediate family member of two former U.S. presidents, a former member of the U.S. Cabinet, a former member of the U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff and a former presidential advisor, he admitted. Lazar admitted that in many instances, he publically released his victims’ private email correspondence, medical and financial information and personal photographs."[21]

Lazar is scheduled to be sentenced on September 1, 2016.[21]

References

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  3. Ed Adamczyk, 'Guccifer' pleads guilty to hacking emails of Clinton, ex-presidents, UPI (May 25, 2016).
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  9. 9.0 9.1 9.2 Catherine Herridge & Pamela K. Browne, Romanian hacker Guccifer: I breached Clinton server, 'it was easy', Fox News (May 4, 2016).
  10. 10.0 10.1 10.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. (Romanian) Vlad Barza, "Hackerul 'Guccifer', care i-a spart contul șefului SRI, George Maior, a fost prins la Arad", HotNews, 22 January 2014. Retrieved 2014-01-22
  12. (Romanian) "Hackerul 'Micul Fum', necunoscut în satul său din județul Arad", Adevărul, 22 August 2011. Retrieved 2015-03-05
  13. 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 Radu-Sorin Marinas, Romania approves extradition of convicted hacker 'Guccifer' to U.S., Reuters (March 4, 2016).
  14. 14.0 14.1 Romanian National "Guccifer" Extradited to Face Hacking Charges, United States Department of Justice, U.S. Attorney's Office for the Eastern District of Virginia (April 1, 2016).
  15. 15.0 15.1 Romanian National "Guccifer" Charged With Hacking Into Personal Email Accounts, United States Department of Justice, U.S. Attorney's Office for the Eastern District of Virginia (June 12, 2014).
  16. Hacker 'Guccifer' extradited from Romania, appears in U.S. court, Reuters (April 1, 2016).
  17. Cynthia McFadden, Tim Uehlinger & Tracy Connor, Hacker 'Guccifer': I Got Inside Hillary Clinton's Server, NBC News (May 5, 2016).
  18. US Judge: Clinton May Be Ordered to Testify in Records Case, Associated Press (May 4, 2016).
  19. Pete Williams, Guccifer, Hacker Who Says He Breached Clinton Server, Pleads Guilty, NBC News (May 25, 2016) ("Lazar refused to show any of the material he said he found on the Clinton server, and federal investigators said they have found no evidence to back up his claim.").
  20. 20.0 20.1 Matt Zapotosky, Officials: Scant evidence that Clinton had malicious intent in handling of emails, Washington Post (May 5, 2016) ("U.S. officials also dismissed claims by a Romanian hacker now facing federal charges in Virginia that he was able to breach Clinton’s personal email server. The officials said investigators have found no evidence to support the assertion by Marcel Lehel Lazar to Fox News and others, and they believed if he had accessed Clinton’s emails, he would have released them — as he did when he got into accounts of other high-profile people.").
  21. 21.0 21.1 21.2 Romanian Hacker "Guccifer" Pleads Guilty to Computer Hacking Crimes, United States Department of Justice, U.S. Attorney's Office for the Eastern District of Virginia (May 25, 2016).