Hackney South (UK Parliament constituency)

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Hackney South
Former Borough constituency
for the House of Commons
1885–1955
Number of members one
Replaced by Bethnal Green and Hackney Central
Created from Hackney

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For the present constituency, see Hackney South and Shoreditch (UK Parliament constituency).

Hackney South was a parliamentary constituency in "The Metropolis" (later the County of London). It was represented by nine Members of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, only two of whom, Horatio Bottomley and Herbert Morrison, were returned.

History

The constituency was created under the Redistribution of Seats Act, 1885 when the two-member Parliamentary Borough of Hackney was split into three single-member divisions. The seat, officially the Southern Division of the Parliamentary Borough of Hackney was first contested at the 1885 general election. The constituency was abolished in 1955.

Boundaries

Hackney South in the Metropolitan area, showing boundaries used from 1885 to 1918.
Hackney South in the parliamentary county of London, showing boundaries used from 1918 to 1950.
Hackney South in the parliamentary county of London, showing boundaries used from 1950 to 1955.
A map showing the wards of Hackney Metropolitan Borough as they appeared in 1916.

1885 - 1918

In 1885 the constituency was defined as consisting of:

  • No. 7 or South Hackney Ward of Hackney Parish
  • No. 6 or Homerton Ward of Hackney Parish
  • The part of the No. 5 or Hackney Ward of Hackney Parish south of the centres of Everning Road, Upper Clapton Road, and the Upper and Lower Clapton Roads.[1]

1918 - 1950

The Representation of the People Act 1918 redrew constituencies throughout Great Britain. Seats in the County of London were redefined in terms of wards of the Metropolitan Boroughs that had been created in 1900. The Metropolitan Borough of Hackney was divided into three divisions, with the same names as the constituencies created in 1885. Hackney South was defined as consisting of:

  • Homerton Ward
  • South Hackney Ward
  • Stamford Hill Ward
  • The part of Clapton Park Ward to the south of a line drawn along the centres of Glenarm Road, Glyn Road and Redwald Road to its junction with Maclaren Street, thence across the recreation grounds in Daubeney Road to the borough boundary at a point fifty feet north of a boundary post situate at the junction of the Waterworks River with the River Lea at Lead Mill Point.[2]

1950 - 1955

Under the Representation of the People Act 1948 the Boroughs of Hackney and Stoke Newington jointly formed two seats, the borough constituencies of Stoke Newington and Hackney North and Hackney South. Hackney South was enlarged: consisting of the Metropolitan Borough of Hackney except the five wards of Leaside, Maury, Southwold, Springfield and Stamford.[3]

Redistribution

Following a review of constituencies by the Boundary Commission appointed under the House of Commons (Redistribution of Seats) Act 1949, parliamentary seats in the metropolitan boroughs of Bethnal Green, Hackney and Stoke Newington were redrawn. The Hackney South constituency was abolished, with most passing to a new Hackney Central borough constituency, and some parts to Bethnal Green.[4]

Members of Parliament

Election Member Party Notes
1885 Sir Charles Russell Liberal later Baron Russell of Killowen
1894 by-election John Fletcher Moulton Liberal later Baron Moulton
1895 Thomas Herbert Robertson Conservative
1906 Horatio Bottomley Liberal resigned 16 May 1912 after being declared bankrupt
1912 by-election Hector Morison Liberal
1918 Horatio Bottomley Independent expelled 1 Aug 1922 after being convicted of fraud
1922 by-election Clifford Erskine-Bolst Conservative
1923 Herbert Morrison Labour later Baron Morrison of Lambeth
1924 George Garro-Jones Liberal later 1st Baron Trefgarne
1929 Herbert Morrison Labour later Baron Morrison of Lambeth
1931 Marjorie Graves Conservative
1935 Herbert Morrison Labour later Baron Morrison of Lambeth
1945 Herbert Butler Labour
1955 constituency abolished

Elections

Elections in the 1950s

General Election 1951: Hackney South[5]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Herbert Butler 39,271 66.5 +5.5
Conservative Peter Rawlinson 18,003 30.5 +9.8
Communist J R Betteridge 1,744 3.0 -0.8
Majority 21,268 36.0 +0.7
Labour hold
General Election 1950: Hackney South[6]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Herbert Butler 35,821 61.0 +9.6
Conservative H P Brooks 15,105 25.7 N/A
Liberal Frank Albert Marlow 5,575 9.5 N/A
Communist J R Betteridge 4,891 3.8 -20.4
Majority 20,716 35.3 +7.9
Labour hold

Elections in the 1940s

General Election 1945: Hackney South[7]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Herbert Butler 10,432 51.6 -7.7
Liberal National S Price 4,901 24.2 N/A
Communist William Rust 4,891 24.2 N/A
Majority 5,531 27.4 +8.8
Labour hold

Elections in the 1930s

General Election 1935: Hackney South[8]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Herbert Morrison 15,830 59.3 +14.7
Conservative Marjorie Graves 10,876 40.7 -14.7
Majority 4,954 18.6 +29.4
Labour gain from Conservative
General Election 1931: Hackney South[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Marjorie Graves 15,920 55.4 +28.4
Labour Herbert Morrison 12,827 44.6 -6.6
Majority 3,093 10.8 +35.0
Conservative gain from Labour

Elections in the 1920s

General Election 1929: Hackney South[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Herbert Stanley Morrison 15,590 51.2 +4.7
Unionist Sir Tresham Joseph Philip Lever 8,222 27.0 N/A
Liberal Miss Muriel Morgan Gibbon 6,302 20.7 -32.8
Communist John Thomas Murphy 331 1.1 N/A
Majority 7,368 24.2 +31.2
Labour gain from Liberal
General Election 1924: Hackney South[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal George M Garro-Jones 13,415 53.5 +23.3
Labour Herbert Stanley Morrison 11,651 46.5 +3.7
Majority 1,761 7.0 +19.2
Liberal gain from Labour
General Election 1923: Hackney South [12]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Herbert Stanley Morrison 9,578 42.8 -5.8
Liberal George Morgan Garro-Jones 6,757 30.2 n/a
Unionist Clifford Erskine-Bolst 6,047 27.0 -24.4
Majority 2,821 12.2 +29.6
Turnout 65.8 -4.2
Labour gain from Unionist Swing n/a
General Election 1922: Hackney South [13]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Unionist Clifford Erskine-Bolst 14,017 51.4 +1.2
Labour George Wilfrid Holford Knight 9,276 48.6 -1.2
Majority 4,741 17.4 +17.0
Unionist hold

In May 1922 Bottomley was convicted of fraud and imprisoned in Wormwood Scrubs.[14] He was expelled from the Commons and a writ issued for a by-election in August.[15]

Hackney South by-election, 18 August 1922
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Unionist Clifford Erskine-Bolst 9,118 50.2 N/A
Labour George Wilfrid Holford Knight 9,046 49.8 N/A
Majority 72 0.4 N/A
Unionist gain from Independent

Although elected a member of the 31st parliament, Erskine-Bolst was unable to take his seat as the House had adjourned, and did not meet again prior to dissolution.

Elections in the 1910s

In December 1918 Horatio Bottomley's bankruptcy was annulled, allowing him to stand for parliament again.[16]

General Election 14 December 1918 Composed of the Hackney wards of Homerton, South Hackney and Clapton Park (part)
Electorate 25,212
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Horatio Bottomley 11,145 79.7 N/A
Coalition Liberal Arthur Henry 2,830 20.3 N/A
Majority 8,315 59.5 N/A
Independent gain from Coalition Liberal

Bottomley resigned his Commons seat on 16 May 1912, due to his involvement in bankruptcy hearings.[17]

Hackney South by-election, 24 May 1912 [18]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Hector Morison 5,339 52.5 +3.1
Conservative John C Gibson 4,836 47.5 +15.9
Majority 503 4.9 -12.9
Liberal hold
General Election December 1910: Hackney South[19]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Horatio Bottomley 5.068 49.4 -13.3
Conservative S C King-Farlow 3,243 31.6 -5.5
Independent Liberal R H Roberts 1,946 19.0 N/A
Majority 1,825 17.8 -8.0
Liberal hold
General Election January 1910: Hackney North[20]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Horatio Bottomley 7,299 62.9 +0.5
Conservative C Wertheimer 4,304 37.1 +6.9
Majority 2,995 25.8 -6.4
Liberal hold

Elections in the 1900s

General Election 1906, Hackney South
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Horatio Bottomley 6,736 62.4 +12.5
Conservative Thomas Herbert Robertson 3,257 30.2 -19.9
Independent Liberal Rev. W Riley 804 7.4 N/A
Majority 3,476 32.2 +38.8
Liberal gain from Conservative
General Election 1900, Hackney South
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Thomas Herbert Robertson 4,714 50.1 +1.3
Liberal Horatio Bottomley 4,376 49.9 -1.3
Majority 338 3.6 +0.1
Conservative hold

Elections in the 1890s

General Election 1895, Hackney South [21]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Thomas Herbert Robertson 4,681 51.2 +2.3
Liberal John Fletcher Moulton 4,362 48.8 -2.3
Majority 319 3.5 +5.7
Conservative gain from Liberal

Sir George Russell was elevated to the peerage in 1894, necessitating a by-election.

Hackney South by-election, 7 May 1894 [22]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal John Fletcher Moulton 4,530 51.1 -6.8
Conservative Thomas Herbert Robertson 4,338 48.9 +6.8
Majority 192 2.2 -13.7
Liberal hold
General Election 1892: Hackney South[23]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Sir Charles Russell 4,537 57.9 +7.0
Conservative Thomas Herbert Robertson 3,293 42.1 -7.0
Majority 1,244 15.9 +14.1
Liberal hold

Elections in the 1880s

General Election 1886: Hackney South[24]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Sir Charles Russell 2,800 50.9 -10.5
Conservative C J Darling 2,700 49.1 +10.8
Majority 100 1.8 -21.3
Liberal hold

Following the appointment of Russell as Attorney General, he was obliged to stand for re-election.

Hackney South by-election, 11 February 1886 [25]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Sir Charles Russell 3,174 61.4 +3.7
Conservative Andrew Richard Scoble 1,979 38.3 -4.0
Independent Conservative Henry Munster 17 0.3 N/A
Majority 1,195 23.1 +7.8
Liberal hold
General Election 1885: Hackney South[26]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Charles Russell 3,544 57.7 N/A
Conservative C J Darling 2,602 42.3 N/A
Majority 942 15.3 N/A
Liberal win (new seat)

References

  1. ↑ Redistribution of Seats Act, 1885, C. 23., Sixth Schedule, Divisions of boroughs. Number, names, contents, and boundaries of divisions.
  2. ↑ Representation of the People Act 1918 c.64, Ninth Schedule: Redistribution of Seats
  3. ↑ Representation Of The People Act 1948, c.65, First Schedule: Parliamentary Constituencies
  4. ↑ The Parliamentary Constituencies (Bethnal Green, Hackney and Stoke Newington) Order 1955 (S.I. 1955/20)
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Sources

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