Hangul consonant and vowel tables

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Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. The following hangul tables of consonants and vowels (jamo) display the basic forms in blue in the first row, and their derivatives in the following rows. They are separated into tables of initials, vowels and finals. Jamo are romanized according to the Revised Romanization's transliteration rules. Thus, the table should not be used for normal transcription of Korean language, as sound changes must be observed.

Initials

k/g n d r/l m b s - j ch k t p h
                 
kk tt pp ss jj

Vowels/Medials

  Basic   +i
Basic
a eo o u eu i ae e oe ui eui
y+
ya yeo yo yu     yae ye      
w+
wa weo wae we

Finals

ㅇ 
g n d l m b s ng j ch k t p h
  ㄺ    ㅄ               
kk nj lg bs ss
ㄳ    ㄻ                     
gs nh lm
                         
lb
       ㄽ                     
ls
                         
lt
                         
lp
                         
lh

Collation

Several collation sequences are used to order words. Sequences of the first type are common in South Korea, differing on the treatment of double jamo consonants in syllable-initial (choseong) and -final (jongseong) position; the second sequence is official in North Korea.

South Korea:

  • Consonant letters: ㄱ (ㄲ) ㄴ ㄷ (ㄸ) ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ (ㅃ) ㅅ (ㅆ) ㅇ ㅈ (ㅉ) ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ
  • Vowel letters: ㅏ ㅐ ㅑ ㅒ ㅓ ㅔ ㅕ ㅖ ㅗ ㅘ ㅙ ㅚ ㅛ ㅜ ㅝ ㅞ ㅟ ㅠ ㅡ ㅢ ㅣ

North Korea:

  • Consonant letters: ㄱ ㄴ ㄷ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅅ ‑ᆼ ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ ㄲ ㄸ ㅃ ㅆ ㅉ ᄋ‑
  • Vowel letters: ㅏ ㅑ ㅓ ㅕ ㅗ ㅛ ㅜ ㅠ ㅡ ㅣ ㅐ ㅒ ㅔ ㅖ ㅚ ㅟ ㅢ ㅘ ㅙ ㅝ ㅞ

Consonant letters' names

Variants are given in brackets.

Consonants Names
South Korea North Korea
기역 기윽
쌍기역 된기윽
니은 니은
디귿 디읃
쌍디귿 된디읃
리을 리을
미음 미음
비읍 비읍
쌍비읍 된비읍
시옷 시읃
쌍시옷 된시읃
이응 이응
지읒 지읃
쌍지읒 된지읃
치읓 치읕
키읔 키읔
티읕 티읕
피읖 피읖
히읗 히읕

Consonant names in the 15th century seem to have ended in a vowel, judging from 1451 Hunmin Jeongeum Eonhae's forms such as "ㄱ는", which may have been pronounced geuneun /그는/.

Hangul syllables

Below are 19 tables of 28*21 syllables, making all together 11,172(=19*21*28) possible syllables. These possible syllables are not all in use. Jump to tables with initial letter:

See also