Hazzm Movement
| Hazzm Movement | |
|---|---|
| حركة حزم Harakat Hazzm Participant in the Syrian Civil War |
|
| 200px Official logo of the Hazzm Movement  Hazzm Movement flag |
|
| Active | 25 January 2014 – 1 March 2015 |
| Leaders | Bilal Atar Abdullah Awda Hamza Shamali Murshid al-Khalid Mohammed al-Dahik |
| Area of operations | Idlib Governorate, Syria Aleppo Governorate, Syria Hama Governorate, Syria Homs Governorate, Syria[1] |
| Strength | 400[2] (February 2015) |
| Part of | Free Syrian Army[3] Levant Front[4] Syrian Revolutionary Command Council[5] |
| Became | Levant Front[6] Jaysh al-Thuwar |
| Opponents | Syrian Armed Forces Islamic State of Iraq and Syria[7] Al-Nusra Front[4] |
| Battles and wars | Syrian Civil War |
The Hazzm Movement (Arabic: حركة حزم, Harakat Hazzm, meaning Movement of Steadfastness[11]) was an alliance of Syrian rebels that existed from 25 January 2014[12] until 1 March 2015, when they joined the Levant Front.
History
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The Hazzm Movement was established on 25 January 2014 when 12 small rebel factions merged. Several of the factions had been part of the Farouq Brigades.[13] The groups that became the Army of Mujahedeen were originally going to join the Hazzm Movement.[14] The previous incarnation of the group, called Harakat Zaman Mohamed (The movement of the time of Muhammad), was supported by the Syrian Muslim Brotherhood.[14]
The Hazzm Movement had a northern division, led by Murshid al-Khalid (Abu al-Muatassim), and a southern division led by Mohammed al-Dahik (Abu Hatem). The Secretary-General was Bilal Atar (Abu Abd al-Sham).[13] Abdullah Awda (Abu Zeid) was in charge of military operations[11] and Hamza Shamali (Abu Hashem) in charge of political affairs.[13]
The group was supplied BGM-71 TOW anti-tank missiles[13] in a covert CIA program launched in 2014. Scores of the groups fighters also received U.S. military training in Qatar under the same program.[15]
In October 2014, Al-Nusra Front began attacking positions of Hazzm in Idlib Province, overrunning bases and seizing weapon stores, due to its perceived closeness to the United States.[15] Following the loss of men and weapons to Nusra, the Idlib branch of Hazzm stopped receiving funds from the CIA in December 2014, funds to the Aleppo branch continued.[16] In January 2015, Al Nusra attacked Hazzm Movement positions in Aleppo province. The Hazzm Movement reacted by joining the Levant Front, a large alliance of prominent Aleppo-based Islamist rebel groups; the alliance urged al Nusra to resolve its dispute with the Hazzm Movement by negotiating with the Levant Front.[17]
On 1 March 2015, after several heavy clashes with the Al-Nusra Front, the Hazzm Movement announced they were dissolving and joining the Levant Front.[6]
On 5 May 2015, former members of the Hazzm Movement and the Syria Revolutionaries Front based in the north, as well as Jabhat al-Akrad, the Dawn of Freedom Brigades and smaller FSA groups formed Jaysh al-Thuwar.[18][19]
Component groups
The 12 groups that merged on 25 January 2014 to form the Hazzm Movement were:
- Kataib Farouq al-Shamal
- 9th Special Forces Brigade
- 1st Brigade of Madraat
- Liwa Ayman Bil Allah
- Katibat Abi Harith - Farouq Hama
- Katibat Ahrar al-Salmiya - Farouq Hama
- Liwa Ahbab Allah
- 60th Brigade
- Katibat Shaheed Abdul Ghaffar Hamish
- Katibat Shaheed Abdullahi Bukar
- Saraya Sawt al-Haq
- Katibat Abu Asad al-Nimr[13]
See also
References
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External links
- Hazzm Movement on TwitterLua error in Module:WikidataCheck at line 28: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). (Arabic)
- Hazzm Movement's YouTube Channel
