Help:IPA for Serbo-Croatian

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The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Serbo-Croatian (the Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin and Serbian standards thereof) pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.

English approximations are, in some cases, very loose and intended only to give a general idea of the pronunciation. See Serbo-Croatian phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds.

Consonants
IPA example nearest English equivalent
Latin Cyrillic
b bob боб bob
d dan дан doom
d͡ʑ[1] đak ђак juice
d͡ʒ[1] ak џак George
f film филм film
ɡ gore горе gore
j ja ја yaw
k kola кола cola
l Luka Лука Luke
bicikl бицикл little
ʎ bilje биље million
m more море more
n ne не no
ŋ[2] banka банка bank
ɲ konj коњ canyon
p pet пет pet
r robot робот robot (trilled)
vrba врба US: verb (trilled)
s sto(l) сто(л) stole
ʃ šuma шума shell
t tata тата tattoo
t͡ɕ[1] ćup ћуп cheese
t͡s šorc шорц shorts
t͡ʃ[1] čekić чекић church
ʋ[3] voda вода[3] van
x hir хир here
z zima зима zoo
ʒ žaba жаба fusion
Vowels
IPA example nearest English equivalent
(long vowels with falling tone)
Latin Cyrillic
a rad рад father
e let лет let
i list лист least
o more море more
u trup труп troop
Tone and vowel length
Tonic marks are not part of the orthography but are found in dictionaries.[4]
IPA example explanation
Latin Cyrillic
e sezóna сезо́на non-tonic short vowel
bìfē бѝфе̄ non-tonic long vowel[5]
ě èkser ѐксер short vowel with rising tone
ěː kréda кре́да long vowel with rising tone
ê sȅme сȅме short vowel with falling tone
êː ȇp ȇп long vowel with falling tone

Notes

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Many Croatian and some Bosnian speakers make no distinction between /t͡ɕ/ and /t͡ʃ/ (⟨ć⟩ and ⟨č⟩), and between /d͡ʑ/ and /d͡ʒ/ (⟨đ⟩ and ⟨dž⟩).
  2. Allophone of /n/ before velar consonants.
  3. 3.0 3.1 ⟨v⟩ is a light fricative, more precisely transcribed [ʋ̝] or [v̞]. However, it does not behave as a fricative in that neither devoices to *[f] before a voiceless consonant nor causes preceding voiceless consonants to become voiced.
  4. Tone marks can also be found on syllabic consonants, such as [ř̩] and [r̩̂ː]. Some articles may use the stress mark, [ˈe], which could correspond to either of the tonic accents, rising or falling, and so are not a complete description.
  5. Many speakers of Croatian and Serbian pronounce unstressed long vowels as short, with some exceptions.