Help:IPA for Serbo-Croatian

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The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Serbo-Croatian (the Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin and Serbian standards thereof) pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.

English approximations are, in some cases, very loose and intended only to give a general idea of the pronunciation. See Serbo-Croatian phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds.

Consonants
IPA example nearest English equivalent
Latin Cyrillic
b bob боб bob
d dan дан doom
d͡ʑ[1] đak ђак juice
d͡ʒ[1] ak џак George
f film филм film
ɡ gore горе gore
j ja ја yaw
k kola кола cola
l Luka Лука Luke
bicikl бицикл little
ʎ bilje биље million
m more море more
n ne не no
ŋ[2] banka банка bank
ɲ konj коњ canyon
p pet пет pet
r robot робот robot (trilled)
vrba врба US: verb (trilled)
s sto(l) сто(л) stole
ʃ šuma шума shell
t tata тата tattoo
t͡ɕ[1] ćup ћуп cheese
t͡s šorc шорц shorts
t͡ʃ[1] čekić чекић church
ʋ[3] voda вода[3] van
x hir хир here
z zima зима zoo
ʒ žaba жаба fusion
Vowels
IPA example nearest English equivalent
(long vowels with falling tone)
Latin Cyrillic
a rad рад father
e let лет let
i list лист least
o more море more
u trup труп troop
Tone and vowel length
Tonic marks are not part of the orthography but are found in dictionaries.[4]
IPA example explanation
Latin Cyrillic
e sezóna сезо́на non-tonic short vowel
bìfē бѝфе̄ non-tonic long vowel[5]
ě èkser ѐксер short vowel with rising tone
ěː kréda кре́да long vowel with rising tone
ê sȅme сȅме short vowel with falling tone
êː ȇp ȇп long vowel with falling tone

Notes

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  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Many Croatian and some Bosnian speakers make no distinction between /t͡ɕ/ and /t͡ʃ/ (⟨ć⟩ and ⟨č⟩), and between /d͡ʑ/ and /d͡ʒ/ (⟨đ⟩ and ⟨dž⟩).
  2. Allophone of /n/ before velar consonants.
  3. 3.0 3.1 ⟨v⟩ is a light fricative, more precisely transcribed [ʋ̝] or [v̞]. However, it does not behave as a fricative in that neither devoices to *[f] before a voiceless consonant nor causes preceding voiceless consonants to become voiced.
  4. Tone marks can also be found on syllabic consonants, such as [ř̩] and [r̩̂ː]. Some articles may use the stress mark, [ˈe], which could correspond to either of the tonic accents, rising or falling, and so are not a complete description.
  5. Many speakers of Croatian and Serbian pronounce unstressed long vowels as short, with some exceptions.