Historical urban community sizes

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Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. These are estimated populations of historical cities over time. Note that there are several problems with estimating the sizes of individual cities, and the highest estimates for a given city, in a given period, may be several times the lowest.

Neolithic settlements

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Town 7000 BC 6000 BC 5000 BC 4000 BC 3800 BC 3700 BC
'Ain Ghazal 2,500[1]
Beidha 1,000[2]
Çatalhöyük 1,650 – 10,000[3]
2,500[1]
1,000[2]
3,000[2]
Choirokoitia[4][5][6][7][8][9][10] 300-600 2,000
Jericho 400 – 2,000[3]
Lepenski Vir 150 – 1,000[11][12][13][14][15][16]
Nea Nikomedeia 500 – 700[17]
Okoliste 1,000-3,000[18]
Vinča-Belo Brdo 2,000 – 2,500[19][20]
Sesklo 1,000 – 5000[21][22][23][24]
Dobrovody 16,000[25] 10,000-16,000[26][27][28]
Fedorovka 6,000[25]
Mehrgarh 1,000- 10,000[29]
Maydanets 10,000[25] 10,000-29,000-46,000[30][31]
Nebelivka 17,000[25]
Talianki 15,000-25,000-30,000[25][32][33] 10,000-15,000[34][35][unreliable source?]
Tell Brak 4,000[2] 5,000[2]
Uruk 5,000[2]

Bronze Age

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Table 1: 3700-2600 BC
City 3700 BC 3400 BC 3100 BC 2800 BC 2600 BC
Adab 11,000 [36]
Anshan 10,000 [36] 10,000 [36]
Bad-tibira 16,000 [36]
Eridu 6,000-10,000 [36]
Habuba Kabira 6,000-8,000 [36]
Harappa 35,000 [37]
Kish 40,000 [36]
Lagash 40,000 [38]
Larak/Larsa 10,000 [36] 10,000 [36]
Manika, Greece[39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] 6,000-15,000 6,000-15,000
Memphis 30,000 [47]
Mohenjo-daro 41,250 [37]
Nekhen 5,000-10,000 [36]
Nippur 13,000 [36]
Shahr-i Sokhta 20,000 [1]
Shuruppak 20,000 [36]
Suheri 13,000 [36] 10,000 [36]
Susa 8,000[2]
Tell Brak 8,000[2] 22,000 [36] 20,000 [36]
Thebes, Greece 4,000

6,000[45]

Umma 26,000 [36]
Ur 6,000 [36]
Uruk 8,000[2]
14,000 [36]
20,000 [36] 40,000 [38]

50,000 [36]

80,000 [36] 80,000 [38]
Table 2: 2500-1200 BC
City 2500 BC 2300 BC 2000 BC 1800 BC 1600 BC 1360 BC 1200 BC
Athens[48][49][50] 10,000 10,000-15,000
Akrotiri (Santorini)[51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60] 8,000-15,000-30,000
Adab 13,000 [36] 10,000 [36] 10,000 [36] 10,000 [36]
Akkad 36,000 [36]
Amarna
Anshan 10,000 [36] 10,000 [36] 10,000 [36] 10,000 [36]
Avaris/Pi-Ramses 100,000 [38] 160,000 [38]
Babylon 65,000[2] 80,000[2]
Dur-Kurigalzu
Ebla 30,000 [36]
Erlitou 24,000[2]
35,000 [36]
Harappa 10,000 [36]
Hattushash
Hazor
Heliopolis
Heracleopolis
Isin 40,000 [36] 20,000 [36]
Kerma
Kesh 11,000 [36]
Kish 25,000 [36] 10,000 [36] 40,000 [38]
Knossos[61][62][63]

[64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72]

1,300

2,000

18,000 20,000-40,000-100,000 30,000
Lagash 40,000 [36] 10,000 [36] 30,000 [36][38] 10,000 [36]
Larak/Larsa 10,000 [36] 40,000 [36] 20,000 [36]
Manika, Greece[45] 6,000

15,000

6,000

15,000

Malia 5,000-10,000-12,500[70][71]
Mari
Memphis 30,000 [36]
35,000[2]
60,000 [2][36][38] 30,000 [36]
Mohenjo-daro 20,000 [36] 20,000 [36] 10,000 [36]
Mozah 15,000 [36] 15,000 [36]
Mycenae 20,000[73] 30,000

35,000[67][74]

Namazga-Tepe 14,000 [36] 14,000 [36]
Nekhen 21,000 [75]
Niniveh
Nippur 20,000 [36] 10,000 [36] 10,000 [36]
Palaikastro 18,000[51][70]
Shahr-i Sokhta 20,000 [36] 20,000 [36]
Shuruppak 17,000 [36]
Suheri 10,000 [36] 10,000 [36] 10,000 [36]
Susa 25,000 [36] 25,000 [36]
Taosi 10,000[2] 14,000[2]
Tell Brak 15,000 [36] 15,000 [36]
Tell Churra 20,000 [36]
Tell Leilan 20,000 [36] 20,000 [36]
Thebes 40,000 [36] 40,000 [36] 80,000 [2] 80,000[2]
Thebes, Greece[45][76][77] 4,000

6,000

8,000
Tiryns[45][48][49][50] 1,200

1,800

10,000 10,000-15,000
Umma 34,000 [36] 20,000 [36] 10,000 [36] 20,000 [36]
Ur 60,000[2]
65,000 [75]
Uruk 50,000 [2][36] 75,000[2]
Yin (Anyang) 50,000[2]
120,000 [38]
Zabala 10,000 [36] 10,000 [36] 10,000 [36]
Zhengzhou 35,000[2]

Iron Age

Table 1: 1000-400 BC
City 1000 BC 900 BC 800 BC 700 BC 650 BC 600 BC 500 BC 430 BC 400 BC
Aegina 20,000

40,000[78]

20,000

40,000

Anuradhapura 100,000 [75][79]
Anyi 100,000 [38] 100,000 [38]
Athens [80] [81] [82] [60] [83] [84] [85] [86] [87] [88] [89] [90] [91] [92] [93] [94] [95] [96] [97] [98] [99] 2,500 – 5,000 5,000 – 10,000 70,000 – 100,000 – 130,000 150,000 – 350,000 – 610,000 150,000 – 168,000 [100]
160,000[101]- 610,000
150,000 – 350,000 – 610,000
Agrigento 200,000 – 800,000[102][103][104][105][106] 200,000 – 800,000 200,000 – 800,000
Argos 30,000

60,000[107][92][108][109][110][111]

30,000

60,000

Ayodhya
Babylon 100,000[112]

45,000 [79]

47,000 [79] 125,000[2] 150,000[2] 200,000 [75] 150,000[2]
Benares
Capua 100,000[113][114][115][116][117][118] 100,000
Calah / Nimrud
Cerveteri 25,000

40,000[119][120][121][122][123]

Chicheng
Cuicuilco
Corinth 50,000-90,000-100,000[124][125][126] 50,000-90,000-100,000 50,000-90,000-100,000
Crotone 50,000

80,000[127]

Ecbatana
Haojing 100,000 [112] 125,000 [38] 125,000 [38] 33,000 [75][79]
Hastinapur
Jerusalem 40,000 [75][79]
Kerch 40,000 [75][79]
Kingchow
Kalḫu (Nimrud) 75,000[2]
Kosambi 55,000 [79]
Kweiteh / Shangqiu
Linzi 55,000[2]
100,000 [38]
80,000 [79]
100,000 [38]
65,000[2]
100,000 [38]
80,000[2]
100,000 [38]
60,000 [79]
200,000 [38]
100,000[2]
200,000 [38]
Luoyang 35,000[2]
55,000 [79]
100,000 [128][129]
40,000[2] 45,000[2]
50,000 [79]
55,000[2]
100,000 [38]
70,000 [79]
100,000 [38]
65,000[2]
100,000 [38]
200,000 [38] 200,000 [38] 100,000[2]
240,000[38]
Marib 45,000 [79]
Memphis 100,000[112]
Miletus
Niniveh 100,000[2]
Pataliputra / Patna 400,000[2]
Populonia 25,000

40,000[121][122][130][131]

Pyongyang
Tarquinia 20,000

25,000

40,000[121][122][130][132]

Thebes, Greece 30,000

60,000[133][134] [135][136][137][138]

30,000

60,000

Qufu 100,000 [38] 100,000 [38]
Rome 4,440

11,100[139]

10,920

34,200

24,240

60,600

24,240

60,600

80,000[139] 115,000

130,000

134,000 152,000[140]
Sais
Shangqiu 100,000 [38] 130,000 [38]
Sravasti 70,000 [75][79] 900,000 [75][79]
Sparta 40,000

50,000[141]

Susa 40,000 [75][79] 200,000 [75][79]
Suzhou 100,000 [38]
Syracuse 200,000 – 800,000- 1,200,000[106][142][143][143][144][145][146][147][148] 200,000 – 800,000 – 1,200,000 300,000 [79]
Sybaris 100,000

300,000[149]

Taranto 300,000[150][151]
Thebes 120,000 [112]

50,000[2]

50,000[2]
Vaisali
Veii 25,000

40,000

100,000[121][122][130][152][153][154][155]

Volsinii 13,000

25,000

40,000[121][122][130][152]

Vulci 15,000

25,000

40,000[121][122][152]

Xiadu 100,000 [38] 100,000 [38] 320,000 [38] 300,000 [38]
Xintian 100,000 [38]
Xinzheng 100,000 [38]
Xue
Yong 100,000 [38]
Table 2: 300 BC-400 AD
City 300 BC 200 BC 100 BC AD 1 AD 100 AD 200 AD 300 AD 361 AD 400
Alexandria 150,000[2] 300,000 [2][75]

600,000 [38]

400,000[2] 250,000 [79] 125,000 [79]
Augsburg 25,000

50,000

25,000

50,000

25,000

50,000[156][157][158][159][160][161][162]

Antioch 120,000 [75] 400,000[163] 150,000 [79] 150,000 [79]
Anuradhapura 68,000 [75][79] 130,000 [75] 72,000 [79]
Anyi 100,000 [38]
Athens 258,000 [164]
431,000[165]
84,000[101]
10,000[163] 10,000[163]
250,000 [75]
Autun 40,000

100,000[166][167][168]

40,000

100,000

Arles 75,000

100,000[169][170][171]

Ayodhya 63,000 [79]
Aquileia 100,000 100,000 100,000[172]
Balkh 200,000[75] 1,000,000 [79] 200,000 [79]
Carnuntum 50,000 50,000 50,000 50,000[173][174]
Capua 300,000 100,000[113][114][115][116][117][118]
Cádiz 100,000 100,000[168][175]
Carthage 700,000[75] 150,000[75] 100,000[75]
Chang'an / Xi'an 100,000 [38]
250,000[2]
400,000 [75]
375,000[2]
400,000 [38]
246,000 (CE 2) [176]
400,000 [38]
500,000[2]
81,000 [75][79]
100,000 [38]
120,000[2] 140,000[2] 80,000 [79] 100,000 [38]
Chengdu 100,000 [38] 70,000 [79]
Corinth 100,000

200,000 700,000

100,000

200,000

700,000[124][177][178][179][180]

Cologne 40,000 40,000 40,000[181][182][183][184][185][186]
Byzantium 300,000 [79]
Ctesiphon 250,000 [79]
Cuicuilco 36,000 [79]
Datong 100,000 [38]
El Mirador 200,000 [187]
Ephesus 250,000 [188]
400,000 [189]
Izapa 35,000 [79]
Kaveri 59,000 [79]
Linzi 125,000[2]
350,000 [38]
100,000 [38] 100,000 [38] 100,000 [38] 100,000 [38]
London 30,000 45,000

60,000[190][191][192][193][194][195][196][197][198]

Lugdunum 50,000

100,000

200,000

50,000

100,000

200,000

50,000

100,000

200,000[199][200][181][201][202][203][204][205]

Luoyang 125,000[2]
240,000 [38]
60,000 [79] 200,000 [38] 420,000 [38][79] 140,000[2]
250,000 [38]
200,000 [38]
Milan 40,000 40,000 100,000[206][207][208][168][209][210][211][212][213][214][215]
Nanjing 56,000 [79] 78,000 [79] 100,000 [38] 150,000 [79] 300,000 [38]
Nimes 40,000

60,000[200][216][217][218][219]

Ostia Antica 20,000

50,000

100,000

20,000

50,000

100,000

50,000

100,000[220][221][222][223][224][225]

Paithan 60,000 [79] 84,000 [79]
Patala 73,000 [79]
Pataliputra 350,000 [75] 69,000 [75][79] 150,000 [79]
Peshawar 120,000[75]
Philippi 100,000[226]
Pingcheng 88,000 [79] 200,000[2]
Pozzuoli 50,000

100,000

50,000

100,000[206][227][228]

Pyay 69,000 [79]
Qufu 100,000 [38]
125,000[2]
Rhodes (city)[229][230][231] 100,000

200,000

100,000
Rome 250,000

290,000[140]

150,000 [79]
160,000 [75]

300,000[140]

400,000[2] 800,000 (CE 2) [38]
1,000,000[2]
450,000 [75]
1,000,000 [2][38]
1,000,000[2] 800,000[2] 750,000 [79] 800,000[2]
Salona 60,000
Seleucia 200,000 [79] 400,000[163] 250,000 (CE 2) [75] 150,000 [75]

250,000 [79]

Shangqiu 100,000 [38]
Suzhou 100,000 [38] 66,000 [79] 95,000 [79] 58,000 [79]
Syracuse 300,000 [79] 80,000 [79] 10,000 [79]
Taxila 60,000 [79]
Teotihuacán 60,000-

80,000 [232]

90,000 [79]
Thessaloniki 200,000 200,000[233][234][235][236][237][238]
Tikal 100,000[239][240][241]
Tres Zapotes 30,000 [79]
Trier 75,000

100,000

75,000

100,000[181][204][242][243][244][245]

Ujjain 94,000 [79] 80,000 [79]
Wanxian 100,000 [38]
Xiadu 300,000 [38]
Xianyang 100,000 [38] 300,000 [75]

100,000 [38]

Xinzheng 120,000 [38]
125,000[2]
Xuchang 140,000[2]
Ye 140,000[2] 120,000 [79] 100,000 [38]

Middle Ages

Early Middle Ages: 500-999 AD
City 500 600 622 700 775 800 900
Aleppo 72,000 [79]
Athens 110,000[246]
Alexandria 94,000 [79] 175,000 [79]
Angkor 90,000 [79]
Anhilpur 80,000 [79]
Antioch 150,000 [79]
Anuradhapura 70,000 [79]
Ayodhya 75,000 [79]
Badami 70,000 [79]
Baghdad 700,000 [47] 175,000[2]
700,000 [79]
2,000,000 [247]
900,000 [38][75]
2,000,000 [247]
Bakhalal 45,000 [79]
Basra 100,000 [79]
Benares 49,000 [79] 59,000 [79]
Carthage 100,000 [79]
Chang'an / Xi'an 95,000 [79]
100,000 [38]
400,000[75]
400,000 [38]
600,000[2]
400,000 [79] 1,000,000 [38] 1,000,000 [38][75][248] 600,000 [79]
800,000 [38]
1,000,000[2]
100,000 [38]
500,000 [79]
750,000[2]
800,000 [75]
Chengdu 94,000 [79] 100,000 [38] 100,000 [38]
Chenla 70,000 [79]
Chunar 72,000 [79]
Constantinople 450,000[2]
400,000

1,000,000 [75][249]

150,000[2] 350,000 [79]

700,000[250]

125,000[2] 225,000 [75] 250,000 [79] 300,000 [75]

1,000,000[251]

Copán 63,000 [79]
Cologne 15,000

20,000

21,000[252]
Córdoba 135,000[73] 160,000 [79] 175,000[2]
200,000 [75]

500,000[251]

Ctesiphon 400,000 [79] 500,000 [79]
Dali 100,000 [38]

90,000 [79]

Datong 200,000 [38]
El Tajín 40,000 [79] 40,000 [79] 50,000 [79]
Fanyang (Youzhou) 100,000 [38]
Fustat 100,000 [79] 150,000 [79]
Gao 72,000 [79]
Guangzhou 200,000 [38] 200,000 [38]
Gwalior 65,000 [79]
Jiankang 500,000 [38]
Jinyang (Taiyuan) 100,000 [38] 100,000 [38]
Kannauj 120,000 [79] 80,000 [79] 80,000 [79]
Kanchi 56,000 [79] 70,000 [79] 51,000 [79]
Kyoto 200,000 [75] 200,000 [79]

100,000 [38]

200,000 [38][75]
Lhasa 100,000 [38][79]
Luoyang 200,000 [79]

500,000 [38]

500,000 [38] 200,000 [79] 500,000 [38] 400,000 [38]

300,000 [79]

200,000 [38]

150,000 [79]

Madurai 70,000 [79] 70,000 [79]
Mainz 20,000[252]
Mandsaur 63,000 [79]
Manyakheta 100,000 [79]
Naples 50,000
Nanjing 500,000 [38]

150,000 [79]

Nara 100,000 [38]
Patna / Pataliputra 74,000 [79]
Preslav 60,000[73]
Prambanan 60,000 [79] 62,000 [79]
Pyay 73,000 [79] 100,000 [79]
Pliska 34,000[253]
Ray 68,000 [79]
Regensburg 25,000[252]
Rome 100,000[254]
[255][256]
90,000[257] 50,000[258]
Seville 20,000 40,000 35,000 35,000 40,000[73]
Sialkot 85,000 [79]
Suzhou 70,000 [79] 120,000 [38] 100,000 [38] 100,000 [38]

84,000 [79]

100,000 [38]

81,000 [79]

Teotihuacán 125,000 [79][232] 60,000 [79]
Thessaloniki 100,000 40,000 40,000 50,000 50,000[73]
Tikal 45,000 [79] 40,000 [79]
Tula 41,000 [79] 50,000 [79]
Wuchang 100,000 [38] 84,000 [79]
Ye 200,000 [38]
Later Middle Ages: 1000–1399
City 1000 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1350
Angkor 200,000 [79] 125,000 [79] 140,000 [79]
1,000,000[259]
150,000 [79]
Amalfi 80,000[73]
Ani 100,000 [260]
200,000 [261]
Anhilpur 100,000 [79] 100,000 [79] 135,000 [79]
Bagan 100,000 [79] 150,000 [79] 180,000 [79] 180,000 [79]
Baghdad 125,000 [75]
1,200,000 [38]
150,000 [79] 250,000[2] 150,000 [75]

1,000,000 [38]

Beijing 130,000 [79] 140,000 [79] 401,000 [79] 400,000 [79]
Cairo 135,000 [75] 150,000 [79] 175,000 [79] 200,000 [79]
250,000[2]
300,000 [79] 400,000 [2][79] 350,000 [79]
Chang'an / Xi'an 118,000 [79] 114,000 [79]
Chunar 66,000 [79]
Cologne 21,000

50,000

50,000

60,000

50,000

60,000[181][182][183][184][185][186]

Constantinople 300,000 [75] 200,000 [79]
250,000[2]
200,000 [79] 150,000 [79]
250,000[2]
100,000 [75]
Córdoba 200,000[2]
450,000 [75]
Cuttack 100,000 [79] 90,000 [79] 90,000 [79]
Dali 100,000 [38]

90,000 [79]

100,000 [79]
Delhi 80,000 [79] 100,000 [79] 125,000 [79]
Dhar 80,000 [79]
Fanyang (Youzhou) 100,000 [38]
Fes 125,000 [79] 160,000 [79] 200,000 [79] 200,000 [79] 150,000 [79] 125,000 [79]
Florence 100,000[262] 110,000 [263]
Gaur 60,000 [79] 90,000 [79] 100,000 [79]
Genoa 80,000 [263] 100,000 [264]
Ghent 65,000[265] 65,000
Guangzhou 140,000 [79] 150,000 [79] 150,000 [79]
Hangzhou 80,000 [79] 90,000 [79] 145,000 [79]
800,000[2]
255,000 [79]
1,000,000[2]
320,000 [79]
1,000,000[38]
432,000 [79]
800,000[2]
432,000 [79]
Jinzhou 85,000 [79]
Kaifeng 400,000 [38][79]
432,000[75]
1,000,000[2]
442,000 [79]
1,000,000[2]
150,000 [79] 1,000,000 [38]
Kalburgi 70,000 [79]
Kalyan 150,000 [79] 125,000 [79]
Kannauj 72,000 [79] 80,000 [79] 92,000 [79]
Kiev 45,000 100,000[233][266]
Khajuraho (Kalinjar) 50,000 [79]
Khambhat 50,000 [79] 60,000 [79]
Kollam 60,000 [79]
Kyoto 300,000 [75]

175,000 [38]

London [267] 5,000-10,000 10,000-20,000 50,000-100,000 25,000-50,000
Madurai 60,000 [79]
Manyakheta 71,000 [79]
Marrakech 150,000 [79] 150,000 [79] 150,000 [79] 125,000 [79]
Merv 200,000 [79] 500,000 [79]
Milan 90,000 150,000 200,000 200,000[263][206][207][208][168][209][210][211][212][213][214][215]
Nabadwip 85,000 [79]
Nanjing 130,000 [79] 130,000 [79] 130,000 [79] 95,000 [79]
Nishapur 125,000 [79]
Palermo 350,000[268][269][270][271] 150,000 150,000 [79]
Paris 50,000[181][190][272][273][274][275][276][277] 110,000 – 160,000 80,000 [278]

160,000 [79]

228,000 – 300,000[79] 215,000 – 300,000 [79]
Polonnaruwa 75,000 [79]
Puri 78,000 [79] 72,000 [79]
Ramavati 75,000 [79]
Rome 20,000[279] 17,000[280] 15,000[281]
Sarai 600,000 [79] 120,000 [79]
Shangjing 140,000 [38]
Suzhou 100,000 [38] 96,000 [79]
Tabriz 125,000 [79] 100,000 [79]
Thanjavur 88,000 [79]
Thessaloniki 40,000 150,000 150,000 150,000 100,000

150,000

100,000

150,000

100,000

150,000[233][234][235][236][237][238]

Venice 60,000[207][208][282][283][284] 80,000 45,000 [264] 110,000 [79]
Veliky Novgorod 10,000

18,000

20,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

400,000[285][286][287][288]

Vijayanagar 100,000 [79]
Warangal 63,000 [79] 80,000 [79]
Ypres 40,000

200,000[289]

Renaissance: 1400–1599
City 1400 1450 1500 1550 1575
Agra 200,000 [79]
Ahmedabad 100,000 [79] 140,000 [79]
Ahmednagar 70,000 [79]
Antwerp 200,000[290] 100,000 [79]
Bago 150,000 [79] 175,000 [79]
Beijing 150,000 [79] 600,000 [79] 672,000 [47][79]

1,000,000 [38]

690,000 [79] 706,000 [79]
Bursa 130,000 [79]
Bruges 40,000

125,000

200,000[79][291]

40,000

125,000

200,000[79]

40,000 [79] 40,000 [79] 40,000 [79]
Cairo 125,000[2]
360,000 [79]
380,000 [79] 400,000 [2][75] 360,000 [79] 275,000 [79]
Chan Chan 60,000 – 100,000[292] 5,000 – 10,000[293]
Chang'an / Xi'an 127,000 [79]
Constantinople / Istanbul 200,000 [75] 660,000 [79] 680,000 [79]
Cuttack 75,000 [79] 100,000 [79] 140,000 [79] 90,000 [79]
Cusco 300,000[294][295][296][297]
Delhi 80,000 [79]
Fes 125,000 [79] 130,000 [79]
Florence 45,000

60,000[263][298]

60,000

70,000[263][299]

Gao 60,000 [79]
Gaur 150,000 [79] 200,000 [79]
Genoa 80,000

100,000[263][262]

150,000 [263]
Granada 165,000 [79]
Guangzhou 150,000 [79] 175,000 [79] 150,000 [79] 160,000 [79] 170,000 [79]
Gwalior 80,000 [79]
Hangzhou 1,500,000[38]

235,000 [79]

250,000 [79] 250,000[75] 260,000 [79] 260,000 [79]
Jaunpur 100,000 [79]
Kalburgi 90,000 [79]
Kano 50,000 [79]
Khambhat 60,000 [79]
Kollam 60,000 [79]
London [267] 50,000-100,000
Mandu 70,000 [79]
Milan 125,000 [264] 80,000 [263]
Nanjing 487,000 [79] 150,000 [79] 157,000 [79] 182,000 [79] 188,000 [79]
Naples 100,000[262] 209,000 [79] 215,000 [79]
Oyo-Ile 60,000 [79]
Paris 275,000 [264]

280,000 [79]

150,000 [79] 185,000

225,000[75][300]

210,000 [79] 220,000

350,000 [79][301]

Samarkand 130,000 [79]
Seoul 125,000 [79]
Seville 15,000[302] 60,000[302] 129,400 [302]
Suzhou 129,000 [79]
Tabriz 150,000 [79] 200,000 [79] 250,000 [79]
Tenochtitlan 250,000 [303][not in citation given] [304][not in citation given][305][306]
Texcoco 60,000 [79]
Venice 120,000

200,000[263][262]

110,000 [264] 171,000 [79]
Vijayanagar 400,000 [79] 455,000 [79] 500,000 [75] 480,000 [79]

Early Modern era

City 1600 1650 1700 1750 1800 1825 1850 1875
Agra 500,000 [79]
Ahmedabad 380,000 [79]
Amsterdam 60,000[307] 140,000[307] 219,000 [79]
Ayutthaya 1,000,000[38]
Beijing 706,000 [75]

1,000,000 [38]

470,000 [79] 650,000 [75] 900,000 [79] 1,100,000 [38][75] 1,350,000 [79] 1,648,000 [79]
Berlin 6,500[308] 90,000[308] 172,000[308] 419,000[308] 1,122,330 [79]
966,900[308]
Cairo 200,000 [79]
Copenhagen 29,000 65,000 80,000 100,000 150,000 260,000
Edo (Tokyo) 60,000 [79]
500,000 (1609)[309]
688,000 [79]
1,000,000 (1721)[310]
1,100,000[75]
685,000 [79]
Esfahān 600,000 [79] 350,000 [79]
Glasgow[311] 7,000 14,000 14,000 23,500 77,000 170,000 329,000 494,000
Guangzhou 180,000 [79] 200,000 [79] 200,000 [79] 400,000 [79] 1,000,000 [38]

800,000 [79]

900,000 [79] 875,000 [79]
Hangzhou 270,000 [79] 281,000 [79] 303,000 [79] 340,000 [79] 387,000 [79] 410,000 [79]
Constantinople/Istanbul 400,000[2]
700,000 [79]
700,000 [79] 600,000[2]
700,000 [79]
625,000 [79] 570,000 [79] 675,000 [79] 785,000 [79]
Kagoshima 67,000 [79]
Kanazawa 67,000 [79]
Kyoto 300,000 [79] 350,000[312] 400,000+[309][313]

350,000 [79]

526,225[312] 377,000 [75]
Lahore 360,000 [79]
Liverpool 375.955 (1851) [314]
London

200,000 [267]

410,000 [79]
350,000 [267]
550,000 [79][267]
600,000[2]
676,000 [79]
700,000 [267]
861,000 [79]
959,300 (1801) [267]
1,335,000 [79] 2,320,000 [79]
2,363,000 (1851) [267]
4,241,000 [79]
Madrid 400,000[309]
Manchester 303.385 (1851) [314]
Mexico City 170,000[314]
Milan [264] 150,000 125,000 160,000
Moscow 300,000[79] 100,000[79] 248,000[79] 373.800[314]
Nagoya 65,000 [79] 92,000 [79]
Nanjing 194,000 [79] 178,000 [79]
Naples 224,000 [79] 400,000 [315][316] 207,000 [264] 310,000 [79] 430,000 [79] 350,000 [79] 413,000 [314]
New York City 5,000 13,000 61,000 202,000 (1830) [317] 515.594 [318] 1,900,000 [79]
Osaka 360,000 [79] 350,000+[313]
380,000 [79]
400,000 (1749) [309] 383,000 [75]
500,000 (1783) [309]
Paris 245,000[79] 455,000[79] 530,000[79] 556,000[79] 547,756[79][319] 855,000 [79] 1,314,000 [79] 2,250,000 [79]
Philadelphia 161,000 (1830) [317] 409,353[318]
Rome 150,000[264]
Saint Petersburg 74.273 [309] 217.948 [309] 438,000 [79] 532.241 (1852) [314] 1,035,000
Seoul 150,000 [79] 158,000 [79] 187,000 [79]
Sunpu 100,000 [79]
Suzhou 243,000 [79] 302,000 [79]
Venice [264] 180,000 145,000 160,000
Vienna[320][321] 50,000 113,000 175,400 235,098 401,200 551,300 1,162,591
Xi'an 138,000 [79] 167,000 [79] 195,000 [79] 224,000 [79] 259,000 [79]
Yamaguchi 80,000 [79]

Current

See List of cities by population for current data.

See also

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  30. Dobrovody and Maydanets Suggested to be housing up to 10,000 people in Modelski'w text (pp. 24–25), The estimate is based on the author's personal communication with Mikhail Videiko, Institute of Archaeology, Kiev, October 2002 (p. 75). The previous estimates by S. I. Kruts for Maydanets and Talianki are 8,000 (1,575 housed within 270 ha) and 14,000 (2,700 houses within 450 ha), respectively (Pitskhelauri, K. N., and Chernykh, E. N. Eds., Kavkaz v sisteme paleometallicheskikh kultur Evrazii, Metsniereba, Tbilisi, 1989, pp. 146–156.).
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  36. 36.00 36.01 36.02 36.03 36.04 36.05 36.06 36.07 36.08 36.09 36.10 36.11 36.12 36.13 36.14 36.15 36.16 36.17 36.18 36.19 36.20 36.21 36.22 36.23 36.24 36.25 36.26 36.27 36.28 36.29 36.30 36.31 36.32 36.33 36.34 36.35 36.36 36.37 36.38 36.39 36.40 36.41 36.42 36.43 36.44 36.45 36.46 36.47 36.48 36.49 36.50 36.51 36.52 36.53 36.54 36.55 36.56 36.57 36.58 36.59 36.60 36.61 36.62 36.63 36.64 36.65 36.66 36.67 36.68 36.69 36.70 36.71 36.72 36.73 36.74 36.75 36.76 36.77 36.78 36.79 36.80 36.81 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  75. 75.00 75.01 75.02 75.03 75.04 75.05 75.06 75.07 75.08 75.09 75.10 75.11 75.12 75.13 75.14 75.15 75.16 75.17 75.18 75.19 75.20 75.21 75.22 75.23 75.24 75.25 75.26 75.27 75.28 75.29 75.30 75.31 75.32 75.33 75.34 75.35 75.36 75.37 75.38 75.39 75.40 75.41 75.42 75.43 75.44 75.45 75.46 75.47 75.48 75.49 75.50 75.51 75.52 75.53 75.54 75.55 75.56 75.57 75.58 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  79. 79.000 79.001 79.002 79.003 79.004 79.005 79.006 79.007 79.008 79.009 79.010 79.011 79.012 79.013 79.014 79.015 79.016 79.017 79.018 79.019 79.020 79.021 79.022 79.023 79.024 79.025 79.026 79.027 79.028 79.029 79.030 79.031 79.032 79.033 79.034 79.035 79.036 79.037 79.038 79.039 79.040 79.041 79.042 79.043 79.044 79.045 79.046 79.047 79.048 79.049 79.050 79.051 79.052 79.053 79.054 79.055 79.056 79.057 79.058 79.059 79.060 79.061 79.062 79.063 79.064 79.065 79.066 79.067 79.068 79.069 79.070 79.071 79.072 79.073 79.074 79.075 79.076 79.077 79.078 79.079 79.080 79.081 79.082 79.083 79.084 79.085 79.086 79.087 79.088 79.089 79.090 79.091 79.092 79.093 79.094 79.095 79.096 79.097 79.098 79.099 79.100 79.101 79.102 79.103 79.104 79.105 79.106 79.107 79.108 79.109 79.110 79.111 79.112 79.113 79.114 79.115 79.116 79.117 79.118 79.119 79.120 79.121 79.122 79.123 79.124 79.125 79.126 79.127 79.128 79.129 79.130 79.131 79.132 79.133 79.134 79.135 79.136 79.137 79.138 79.139 79.140 79.141 79.142 79.143 79.144 79.145 79.146 79.147 79.148 79.149 79.150 79.151 79.152 79.153 79.154 79.155 79.156 79.157 79.158 79.159 79.160 79.161 79.162 79.163 79.164 79.165 79.166 79.167 79.168 79.169 79.170 79.171 79.172 79.173 79.174 79.175 79.176 79.177 79.178 79.179 79.180 79.181 79.182 79.183 79.184 79.185 79.186 79.187 79.188 79.189 79.190 79.191 79.192 79.193 79.194 79.195 79.196 79.197 79.198 79.199 79.200 79.201 79.202 79.203 79.204 79.205 79.206 79.207 79.208 79.209 79.210 79.211 79.212 79.213 79.214 79.215 79.216 79.217 79.218 79.219 79.220 79.221 79.222 79.223 79.224 79.225 79.226 79.227 79.228 79.229 79.230 79.231 79.232 79.233 79.234 79.235 79.236 79.237 79.238 79.239 79.240 79.241 79.242 79.243 79.244 79.245 79.246 79.247 79.248 79.249 79.250 79.251 79.252 79.253 79.254 79.255 79.256 79.257 79.258 79.259 79.260 79.261 79.262 79.263 79.264 79.265 79.266 79.267 79.268 79.269 79.270 79.271 79.272 79.273 79.274 79.275 79.276 79.277 79.278 79.279 79.280 79.281 79.282 79.283 79.284 79.285 79.286 79.287 79.288 79.289 79.290 79.291 79.292 79.293 79.294 79.295 79.296 79.297 79.298 79.299 79.300 79.301 79.302 79.303 79.304 79.305 79.306 79.307 79.308 79.309 79.310 79.311 79.312 79.313 79.314 79.315 79.316 79.317 79.318 79.319 79.320 79.321 79.322 79.323 79.324 79.325 79.326 79.327 79.328 79.329 79.330 79.331 79.332 79.333 79.334 79.335 79.336 79.337 79.338 79.339 79.340 79.341 79.342 79.343 79.344 79.345 79.346 79.347 79.348 79.349 79.350 79.351 79.352 79.353 79.354 79.355 79.356 79.357 79.358 79.359 79.360 79.361 79.362 79.363 79.364 79.365 79.366 79.367 79.368 79.369 79.370 79.371 79.372 79.373 79.374 79.375 79.376 79.377 79.378 79.379 79.380 79.381 79.382 79.383 79.384 79.385 79.386 79.387 79.388 79.389 79.390 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  100. A. W. Gomme, The population of ancient Athens in the fifth and fourth centuries (Blackwell, 1933 and reprints)
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  111. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  112. 112.0 112.1 112.2 112.3 Modelski’s list of the world’s largest cities treats Thebes and Haojing as the top cities with 100,000 inhabitants (p. 218), though the same list on the next page (p. 219) as well as Table 2 (c) place the population of Thebes at 120,000, while that for Haojing as well as Memphis and Babylon at 100,000 (pp. 33-34).
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  128. Chandler listed Thebes, Haoqing, and Chengzhou (Luoyang) as the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd largest cities (p. 460), though Luoyang is supposed to pass 100,000 in 1000 B.C. (p. 541).
  129. When the city first passed 100,000, suggested by Richard Forstall (pp. 541-542).
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  131. Production, consumption and society in north Etruria during the archaic and classical periods, p. 224, at Google Books by Hilary Wills Becker.
  132. Production, consumption and society in north Etruria during the archaic and classical periods, p. 224, at Google Books by Hilary Wills Becker
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  137. https://books.google.com/books?id=FEcLAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA278&dq=thebes+Boeotia+60,000+people&hl=da&sa=X&ei=fv-BU67kNsTFPOG-gNgM&ved=0CEUQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=thebes%20Boeotia%2060%2C000%20people&f=false An
  138. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  139. 139.0 139.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  140. 140.0 140.1 140.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  141. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  142. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  143. 143.0 143.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  144. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  145. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  150. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  151. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  152. 152.0 152.1 152.2 Production, consumption and society in north Etruria during the archaic and classical periods, p. 224, at Google Books by Hilary Wills Becker.
  153. The New People's Cyclopedia of Universal Knowledge at Google Books
  154. A Global History of Architecture, p. 96, at Google Books
  155. Chambers's encyclopaedia, p. 151, at Google Books
  156. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  161. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  162. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  163. 163.0 163.1 163.2 163.3 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  164. A. W. Gomme, The population of ancient Athens in the fifth and fourth centuries (Blackwell, 1933 and reprints)
  165. Raphael Sealey, The Athenian Republic: Democracy or Rule of Law? (University Park and London: Penn State U Press, 1987), p. 6
  166. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  167. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  168. 168.0 168.1 168.2 168.3 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  169. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  174. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  175. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  176. zh:汉书
  177. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  181. 181.0 181.1 181.2 181.3 181.4 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  182. 182.0 182.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  183. 183.0 183.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  184. 184.0 184.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  185. 185.0 185.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  186. 186.0 186.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  187. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  188. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  189. [Strabo . Geography (volume 1-7) 14.1.24. Cambridge: Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press]
  190. 190.0 190.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  191. http://www.ctcwd.com/rrose/websites/london/history.htm[permanent dead link]
  192. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  200. 200.0 200.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  201. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  202. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  203. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  204. 204.0 204.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  205. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  206. 206.0 206.1 206.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  207. 207.0 207.1 207.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  208. 208.0 208.1 208.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  209. 209.0 209.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  210. 210.0 210.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  211. 211.0 211.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  212. 212.0 212.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  213. 213.0 213.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  214. 214.0 214.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  215. 215.0 215.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  216. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  217. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  218. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  220. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  222. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  224. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  230. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  231. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  232. 232.0 232.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  233. 233.0 233.1 233.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  234. 234.0 234.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  235. 235.0 235.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  236. 236.0 236.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  237. 237.0 237.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  238. 238.0 238.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  239. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  240. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[dead link]
  241. [3][dead link]
  242. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  243. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  244. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  245. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  246. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  247. 247.0 247.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  248. Haoqing, the capital of Western Zhou, was located 15 km SW of Chang'an, the capital of Sung and Tang dynasties as well as the present center of Xi'an. Han capital was located 5 km NW of the center of modern Xi'an. All these sites are now within the sub-provincial city of Xi'an.
  249. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  250. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  251. 251.0 251.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  252. 252.0 252.1 252.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  253. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  254. Procopius, Gothic War, III.xx
  255. Procopius, Gothic War, III.xxii. "In Rome he suffered nothing human to remain, leaving it altogether, in every part, a perfect desert." Theodor Mommsen (trans.), The Chronicle of Marcellinus. p. 49. "After this destruction Rome [ in 546 ] was so desolated that for forty days or more neither man nor beast stayed there,"
  256. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  257. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  258. Meneghini and Santangeli Valenzani Roma nell'altomedioevo. Topografia e urbanistica della citta dal V al X seolo. Rome, 2004. pp. 22-3
  259. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  260. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  261. (Armenian) Ghafadaryan, Karo. «Անի» [Ani]. Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia. Yerevan: Armenian Academy of Sciences, 1974, vol. i, pp. 407–412.
  262. 262.0 262.1 262.2 262.3 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  263. 263.0 263.1 263.2 263.3 263.4 263.5 263.6 263.7 263.8 M. Ginatempo L. Sandri “L’Italia delle Città. Sec XIII XVI” Le Lettere 1990
  264. 264.0 264.1 264.2 264.3 264.4 264.5 264.6 264.7 264.8 P.M. Hoenberg L.Hollen Lees : “The Making of Urban Europe 1000-1950” Harvard University Press 1985
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  266. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  267. 267.0 267.1 267.2 267.3 267.4 267.5 267.6 267.7 History of London#Population
  268. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  269. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  270. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  271. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  272. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  273. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  274. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  275. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  276. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  277. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  278. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  279. Paul Hetherington. Medieval Rome: a portrait of the city and its life. Rubicon Press, 1994. p. 37
  280. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  281. Norman John Greville Pounds. An Historical Geography of Europe 450 B.C.-A.D. 1330, p. 350
  282. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  290. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  291. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  292. Middendorf, 1898
  293. Michael Moseley and Kent Day, eds. Chan Chan: Andean Desert City University of New Mexico Press, 1982
  294. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  295. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  296. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  297. [4][dead link]
  298. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  299. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  300. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  301. [5] Publishing and the Map Trade in France, 1470 – 1670 by Catherine Hofmann
  302. 302.0 302.1 302.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  303. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  304. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  305. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  306. [6][dead link]
  307. 307.0 307.1 The Dutch Republic: Its Rise, Greatness and Fall, 1477–1806. 1995.
  308. 308.0 308.1 308.2 308.3 308.4 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  309. 309.0 309.1 309.2 309.3 309.4 309.5 309.6 F. Braudel, Capitalism and Material Life, 1400–1800, I vol. 1979
  310. Gordon, Andrew: "A Modern History of Japan from Tokugawa Times to the Present". Oxford University Press, 2003. p23. (As of 1721).
  311. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  312. 312.0 312.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. (quoting the Meiji publication 平安通志)
  313. 313.0 313.1 Sansom, George (1963). "A History of Japan: 1615-1867." Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. p113. Note: These figures exclude military (samurai) population, which could account for a considerable portion of the population.
  314. 314.0 314.1 314.2 314.3 314.4 314.5 Almanach de Gotha pour l'an 1858
  315. before the big plague of the 1656)
  316. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  317. 317.0 317.1 A. de Tocqueville, Democracy in America, chap. IX, 1835
  318. 318.0 318.1 Almanach de Gotha pour l'an 1855
  319. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  320. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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Further reading

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  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links