Ian Gilmour, Baron Gilmour of Craigmillar

"Ian Gilmour" redirects here. For other uses, see Ian Gilmour (disambiguation).

The Right Honourable The Lord Gilmour of Craigmillar Bt PC
Lord Privy Seal
In office 4 May 1979 – 11 September 1981
Prime Minister	Margaret Thatcher
Preceded by	The Lord Peart
Succeeded by	Humphrey Atkins
Shadow Secretary of State for Defence
In office 15 January 1976 – 4 May 1979
Leader	Margaret Thatcher
Preceded by	George Younger
Succeeded by	Fred Mulley
In office 11 March 1974 – 29 October 1974
Leader	Edward Heath
Preceded by	Fred Peart
Succeeded by	George Younger
Shadow Home Secretary
In office 18 February 1975 – 15 January 1976
Leader	Margaret Thatcher
Preceded by	Keith Joseph
Succeeded by	William Whitelaw
Shadow Secretary of State for Northern Ireland
In office 29 October 1974 – 18 February 1975
Leader	Edward Heath
Preceded by	Francis Pym
Succeeded by	Airey Neave
Secretary of State for Defence
In office 8 January 1974 – 4 March 1974
Prime Minister	Edward Heath
Preceded by	Peter Carington
Succeeded by	Roy Mason
Minister for Defence Procurement
In office 7 April 1971 – 8 January 1974
Prime Minister	Edward Heath
Preceded by	Robert Lindsay
Succeeded by	George Younger
Member of Parliament for Chesham and Amersham
In office 28 February 1974 – 9 April 1992
Preceded by	Constituency established
Succeeded by	Cheryl Gillan
Member of Parliament for Central Norfolk
In office 22 November 1962 – 28 February 1974
Preceded by	Richard Collard
Succeeded by	Constituency abolished
Personal details
Born	(1926-07-08)8 July 1926 London, United Kingdom
Died	Isleworth, United Kingdom
Political party	Pro-Euro Conservative Party & Conservative
Alma mater	Balliol College, Oxford Inner Temple

Ian Hedworth John Little Gilmour, Baron Gilmour of Craigmillar, PC (8 July 1926 – 21 September 2007) was a Conservative politician in the United Kingdom. He was styled Sir Ian Gilmour, 3rd Baronet from 1977, having succeeded to his father's baronetcy, until he became a life peer in 1992. He served as Secretary of State for Defence in 1974, in the government of Edward Heath. He also served in the government of Margaret Thatcher, as Lord Privy Seal from 1979 to 1981.

Early life

Gilmour was the son of stockbroker Lieutenant Colonel Sir John Gilmour, 2nd Baronet, and his wife, Victoria, a granddaughter of the 5th Earl of Cadogan. His parents divorced in 1929, and his father married Mary, the eldest daughter of the 3rd Duke of Abercorn. The family had land in Scotland and he inherited a substantial estate and shares in Meux's Brewery from his grandfather, Admiral of the Fleet, the Hon. Sir Hedworth Meux.

They lived in the grounds of Syon Park in London, with a house in Tuscany. He was educated at Eton College and read history at Balliol College, Oxford.

He served with the Grenadier Guards from 1944 to 1947. He was called to the bar at Inner Temple in 1952 and was a tenant in the chambers of Quintin Hogg for two years. He bought The Spectator in 1954 and was its editor from 1954 to 1959. He sold The Spectator to the businessman Harold Creighton in 1967. His editorship of the magazine is seen as one of the highlights of that paper's long history.

Member of Parliament

He was elected as Member of Parliament for Central Norfolk in a by-election in 1962, winning by 220 votes. He held this seat until 1974, when his seat was abolished due to boundary changes, and he stood for the safe Conservative seat of Chesham and Amersham, sitting as its MP from 1974 until his retirement in 1992.

In parliament, he was a social liberal, voting to abolish the death penalty, and legalise abortion and homosexuality. He also supported the campaign to join the EEC. He was Parliamentary Private Secretary to Quintin Hogg from 1963.

Gilmour espoused the Arab cause when it was less popular in progressive circles than it later became and supported it throughout his years in the House of Commons, where his chief ally was Dennis Walters.

In government

He served in Edward Heath's government from 1970, holding a variety of junior positions in the Ministry of Defence under Lord Carrington: Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for the Army from 1970 to 1971, then Minister of State for Defence Procurement until 1972, then Minister of State for Defence. He joined the Privy Council in 1973. He replaced Carrington in January 1974 to join Heath's Cabinet as Defence Secretary, but lost his position after Labour won the most seats in the general election at the end of February. He was in the Shadow Cabinet after the general election in February 1974 as Shadow Defence Secretary to late 1974. From the end of 1974 to February 1975 he was Shadow Northern Ireland Secretary.

In opposition, Gilmour joined the Conservative Research Department. With Chris Patten, he wrote the Conservative Party manifesto for the October 1974 election – a second loss, by a wider margin. When Margaret Thatcher became the new leader of the Conservative party, she appointed Gilmour as Shadow Home Secretary in 1975, then as Shadow Defence Secretary from 1976 to 1978. He became Lord Privy Seal after the 1979 UK general election, as the chief Government spokesman in the House of Commons for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, working again under Lord Carrington, who, as Foreign Secretary, sat in the House of Lords. He co-chaired with Carrington the Lancaster House talks, which led to the end of Ian Smith's government in Rhodesia, and the creation of an independent Zimbabwe under Robert Mugabe. He also negotiated with the EEC to reduce Britain's financial contribution.

Backbenches and retirement

Gilmour did not have good relations with Thatcher. Thatcher remarked in her autobiography, somewhat sarcastically: "Ian remained at the Foreign Office for two years. Subsequently, he was to show me the same loyalty from the back-benches as he had in government." He survived a reshuffle in January 1981, but was sacked on 14 September 1981. He announced that the government was "steering full speed ahead for the rocks", and said that he regretted not resigning beforehand.

As a moderate who disagreed with the economic policies of Prime Minister Thatcher, Gilmour became the most outspoken "wet", delivering a lecture at Cambridge in February 1980 where he argued:

"In the Conservative view, economic liberalism à la Professor Hayek, because of its starkness and its failure to create a sense of community, is not a safeguard of political freedom but a threat to it."

Gilmour remained on the backbenches until 1992, and opposed many Thatcherite policies, including the abolition of the Greater London Council, rate-capping and the poll tax. He was in favour of proportional representation. In 1989, he was considered by discontented backbenchers as a possible future leader; in the event, he supported Sir Anthony Meyer in his leadership challenge in December 1989. However, he did not participate in frontline British politics again, and was given a life peerage by John Major in 1992, becoming Baron Gilmour of Craigmillar, of Craigmillar in the District of the City of Edinburgh, of which his family were, for several hundred years, the feudal superiors.

He was expelled from the Conservative Party in 1999 for supporting the Pro-European Conservative Party in the European Parliament elections.

Beliefs

Gilmour was known for writing coherently from the One Nation perspective of the Conservative Party, in opposition to Thatcherism; in particular in his books Dancing with Dogma (1992) and (with Mark Garnett) Whatever Happened to the Tories (1997) and in his critical articles in journals such as the London Review of Books. His book, Inside Right (1977) is an introduction to conservative thought and thinkers. He also wrote the books The Body Politic (1969), Britain Can Work (1983), Riot, Risings and Revolution (1992), and The Making of the Poets: Byron and Shelley in Their Time (2002).

He was pro-European.

He was president of Medical Aid for Palestinians from 1993 to 1996, and was chairman of the Byron Society from 2003 until his death.

Personal life

On 10 July 1951, Gilmour married Lady Caroline Margaret Montagu-Douglas-Scott, the youngest daughter of the 8th Duke of Buccleuch and sister of John Scott, 9th Duke of Buccleuch. Their wedding was attended by several members of the British Royal Family, including Queen Mary, Queen Elizabeth (later the Queen Mother), and the future Elizabeth II. They lived in Isleworth, and had four sons and one daughter. In 22 February 1974, Lady Caroline Gilmour launched HMS Cardiff. His wife died in 2004, but he was survived by their five children, the eldest of whom, the Hon. David Gilmour, succeeded to his father's baronetcy. Among the younger sons, Oliver Gilmour is a conductor and Andrew Gilmour is a senior United Nations official.

Death

Lord Gilmour died on 21 September 2007 of undisclosed causes, aged 81, at West Middlesex Hospital, Isleworth, Greater London, after a short illness.

Cultural portrayals

• Gilmour was portrayed by Pip Torrens in The Iron Lady, a 2011 biographical film of Margaret Thatcher. In the film, Gilmour voices his concern over the decline of manufacturing in the UK.

Bibliography

• Obituary, The Guardian, 24 September 2007
• Obituary, The Independent, 24 September 2007
• Obituary, The Daily Telegraph, 24 September 2007
• Obituary, The Times, 24 September 2007
• Obituary, Financial Times, 24 September 2007

External links

• Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by Ian Gilmour
• The Peerage
• Thatcher's First Cabinet

Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by Richard Collard	Member of Parliament for Central Norfolk 1962–1974	Constituency abolished
New constituency	Member of Parliament for Chesham and Amersham 1974–1992	Succeeded by Cheryl Gillan
Political offices
Preceded by The Lord Carrington	Secretary of State for Defence 1974	Succeeded by Roy Mason
Preceded by The Lord Peart	Lord Privy Seal 1979–1981	Succeeded by Humphrey Atkins
Baronetage of the United Kingdom
Preceded by John Little Gilmour	Baronet of Liberton 1977–2007	Succeeded by David Gilmour