Johann Friedrich Gmelin
| J. F. Gmelin | |
|---|---|
| 200px
Johann Friedrich Gmelin (1748–1804)
|
|
| Born | 8 August 1748 Tübingen, Holy Roman Empire |
| Died | Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist. Göttingen, Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg |
| Nationality | German |
| Fields | Naturalist, botanist and entomologist |
| Institutions | University of Göttingen University of Tübingen |
| Alma mater | University of Tübingen |
| Doctoral advisor | Philipp Friedrich Gmelin Ferdinand Christoph Oetinger |
| Doctoral students | Georg Friedrich Hildebrandt Friedrich Stromeyer Carl Friedrich Kielmeyer Wilhelm August Lampadius |
| Known for | Textbooks |
| Author abbrev. (botany) | J.F.Gmel. |
| Notes | |
|
He was the eldest son of Philipp Friedrich Gmelin and the father of Leopold Gmelin.
|
|
Johann Friedrich Gmelin (8 August 1748 – 1 November 1804) was a German naturalist, botanist, entomologist, herpetologist and malacologist.
Education
Johann Friedrich Gmelin was born as the eldest son of Philipp Friedrich Gmelin in 1748 in Tübingen. He studied medicine under his father[1] at University of Tübingen and graduated with an MD in 1768, with a thesis entitled: Irritabilitatem vegetabilium, in singulis plantarum partibus exploratam ulterioribusque experimentis confirmatam., defended under the presidency of Ferdinand Christoph Oetinger,[2] whom he thanks with the words Patrono et praeceptore in aeternum pie devenerando, pro summis in medicina obtinendis honoribus.
Career
In 1769, Gmelin became an adjunct professor of medicine at University of Tübingen. In 1773 he became professor of philosophy and adjunct professor of medicine at University of Göttingen. He was promoted to full professor of medicine and professor of chemistry, botany, and mineralogy in 1778. He died in 1804 in Göttingen.
Johann Friedrich Gmelin published several textbooks in the fields of chemistry, pharmaceutical science, mineralogy, and botany. He also published the 13th edition of Systema Naturae by Carl Linnaeus in 1788 and 1789. This contained descriptions and scientific names of many new species, including birds that that had earlier been catalogued without a scientific name by John Latham in his A General Synopsis of Birds. Gmelin's publication is cited as the authority for over 290 bird species.[3]
Legacy
Among his students were Georg Friedrich Hildebrandt, Carl Friedrich Kielmeyer, Friedrich Stromeyer and Wilhelm August Lampadius. He was the father of Leopold Gmelin.
He discovered the Redfin Pickerel in 1789.
In the scientific field of herpetology, he described many new species of amphibians and reptiles.[4]
In the field of malacology, he described and named many species of gastropods.
The abbreviation "Gmel." is also found.[6]
Publications
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Allgemeine Geschichte der Gifte, 2 Vol., 1776/77 Digital edition of the University and State Library Düsseldorf.
- Allgemeine Geschichte der Pflanzengifte, 1777
- Allgemeine Geschichte der mineralischen Gifte. Nürnberg : Raspe, 1777. Digital edition of the University and State Library Düsseldorf.
- Johann Friedrich Gmelins ... Einleitung in die Chemie zum Gebrauch auf Universitäten. Nürnberg: Raspe, 1780. Digital edition of the University and State Library Düsseldorf.
- Einleitung in die Pharmacie. Nürnberg: Raspe, 1781. Digital edition of the University and State Library Düsseldorf.
- Beyträge zur Geschichte des teutschen Bergbaus, 1783
- Ueber die neuere Entdeckungen in der Lehre von der Luft, und deren Anwendung auf Arzneikunst, 1784
- Grundsätze der technischen Chemie, 1786
- Grundriß der Pharmazie, 1792
- Apparatus Medicaminum tam simplicium quam praeparatorum et compositorum in Praxeos Adiumentum consideratus, Ps. 2, T. 1 - Ps. 2, T. 2., 1795–1796. Digital edition of the University and State Library Düsseldorf.
- Geschichte der Chemie, 1799
- Allgemeine Geschichte der thierischen und mineralischen Gifte, 1806
References
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Irritabilitatem vegetabilium in singulis plantarum partibus exploratatam
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ See for instance: Audubon, John James (1831) - Ornithological Biography : Volume 1, p. 232. Online available at wikisource.
- Vane-Wright, R. I., 1975. The butterflies named by J. F. Gmelin (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera).Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History),Entomology, 32: 17-64.
External links
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.. |
- Gmelin's chemical genealogy
- Johann Friedrich Gmelin at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
- Johann Friedrich Gmelin in the German National Library catalogue
- [1]
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- books by Johann Friedrich Gmelin at Internet Archive
- Zoologica Göttingen State and University Library
