John Cockburn (Australian politician)
| Sir John Cockburn | |
|---|---|
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| 18th Premier of South Australia Elections: 1890 |
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| In office 27 June 1889 – 19 August 1890 |
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| Monarch | Victoria |
| Governor | Earl of Kintore |
| Preceded by | Thomas Playford II |
| Succeeded by | Thomas Playford II |
| 6th Leader of the Opposition (SA) | |
| In office 1889–1889 |
|
| Preceded by | John Downer |
| Succeeded by | Thomas Playford II |
Sir John Alexander Cockburn, KCMG (23 August 1850 – 26 November 1929) was Premier of South Australia from 27 June 1889 until 18 August 1890.
Contents
Early life
Cockburn was born in Corsbie, Berwickshire, Scotland in 1850 to Thomas Cockburn, farmer, and his wife Isabella, née Wright. His father died in France in 1855, and his mother migrated to South Australia in 1867 with three of the four children. Cockburn remained in the UK and was educated at Highgate School, and King's College London, he obtained the degree of M.D. London, with first class honours and gold medal. In 1875 he married Sarah Holdway (the daughter of Forbes Scott Brown) and they had one son and one daughter.[1]
In 1879 he emigrated to South Australia and set up practice at Jamestown in the mid North.
Political career
In 1878 Cockburn was elected as the first mayor of Jamestown. In that role he lobbied the Government of South Australia to construct a railway line to the New South Wales border to tap the newly developed silver mining fields of the Barrier Ranges. Between 1884 and 1888, during Cockburn's parliamentary career, the South Australian Railways line through Jamestown to Petersburg was extended to the border to meet the tramway built by the Silverton Tramway Company. This linked the growing mines of Broken Hill to the South Australian coast at Port Pirie, where a smelter was built in 1889, effectively capturing the economic benefits of the Broken Hill mining field for South Australia. The town surveyed at the colonial border in 1886 was named Cockburn in his honour.
Cockburn stood for Burra in the South Australian House of Assembly in 1884, serving as Minister of Education from 1885 - 1887 (under premier John Downer) before losing that seat and returning as member for Mount Barker, elected in April 1887 and holding that seat for 11 years.
In 1884 Cockburn was able to pass progressive legislation including succession duties and land tax, and in 1886 was involved in introducing payment for members of the South Australian parliament.
On 27 June 1889 Cockburn became the first doctor to become Premier, a role he held for fourteen months before losing a no-confidence motion and handing back to Thomas Playford.
He was Minister for Education again and Minister for Agriculture in the Kingston ministry from 1893 until April 1898.
He was active in the planning of Federation, including representing South Australia at the Melbourne conference in 1890 and in Sydney in 1891.
Women's Suffrage
Cockburn supported the Women's Suffrage League throughout their campaign and frequently spoke its meetings. He chaired the league's final meeting as well as its celebration event when suffrage was granted. He continued to play a part in women's suffrage upon his return to London and along with his wife were active in the suffragette movement in England.[2]
Later life
After resigning from parliament, he went to England to serve as Agent-General for South Australia. He resigned in 1901 when the position was downgraded (due to federation), but remained in London and unofficially represented South Australia and Australia in many things.
He had a long career in Freemasonry, beginning with his initiation in 1876. He would go on to help establish the Grand Lodge of South Australia, and to serve in several high offices within it. After his return to England, he founded a new lodge in London and served as president of the International Masonic Club. As a Masonic Rosicrucian he was attracted to esoteric and philosophical subjects, and published several dozen articles exploring such themes in various Masonic periodicals.
He was created Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG) in the New Year Honours list January 1900,[3] and a Knight of Grace of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England (KGStJ) in August 1901.[4]
He died in London in 1929 without ever returning to Australia. His wife, son and daughter survived him.
References
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- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 27150. p. 2. 2 January 1900.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 27344. p. 5256. 9 August 1901.
External links
Works written by or about John Alexander Cockburn at Wikisource- Parliament Profile
- Electric Scotland
- Australian Dictionary of Biography
| Parliament of South Australia | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | Member for Burra 1884–1887 Served alongside: Ben Rounsevell |
Succeeded by Frederick Holder |
| Preceded by | Member for Mount Barker 1887–1898 Served alongside: Albert Landseer |
Succeeded by Charles Dumas |
| Political offices | ||
| Preceded by | Leader of the Opposition of South Australia 1889 |
Succeeded by Thomas Playford II |
| Preceded by | Premier of South Australia 1889–1890 |
Succeeded by Thomas Playford II |
| Diplomatic posts | ||
| Preceded by | Agent-General for South Australia 1898–1901 |
Succeeded by Henry Allerdale Grainger |
- Premiers of South Australia
- Australian Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George
- 1850 births
- 1929 deaths
- Australian federationists
- People educated at Highgate School
- Alumni of King's College London
- Australian eugenicists
- Scottish eugenicists
- Scottish emigrants to Australia
- Mayors of places in South Australia
- Cockburn family
- Leaders of the Opposition in South Australia
- Australian suffragists
- Australian Freemasons
- Male feminists
