John Swinney

John Swinney MSP
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Deputy First Minister of Scotland
Incumbent
Assumed office 21 November 2014
First Minister	Nicola Sturgeon
Preceded by	Nicola Sturgeon
Cabinet Secretary for Finance, Constitution and Economy
Incumbent
Assumed office 17 May 2007
First Minister	Alex Salmond Nicola Sturgeon
Preceded by	Tom McCabe
Leader of the Scottish National Party
In office 26 September 2000 – 3 September 2004
Deputy	Roseanna Cunningham
Preceded by	Alex Salmond
Succeeded by	Alex Salmond
Depute Leader of the Scottish National Party
In office 25 August 1998 – 26 September 2000
Leader	Alex Salmond
Preceded by	Allan Macartney
Succeeded by	Roseanna Cunningham
Member of the Scottish Parliament for Perthshire North
Incumbent
Assumed office 6 May 2011
Preceded by	Constituency created
Majority	10,353 (34.6%)
Member of the Scottish Parliament for North Tayside
In office 6 May 1999 – 6 May 2011
Preceded by	Constituency created
Succeeded by	Constituency abolished
Member of Parliament for Tayside North
In office 1 May 1997 – 7 June 2001
Preceded by	Bill Walker
Succeeded by	Pete Wishart
Personal details
Born	(1964-04-13) 13 April 1964 Edinburgh, Scotland
Nationality	Scottish
Political party	Scottish National Party
Spouse(s)	Lorna King (m. 1991–1998, div.); Elizabeth Quigley (m.2003)
Relations	Tom Hunter VC (uncle)
Children	2 (1st marriage)
Alma mater	University of Edinburgh
Occupation	Management consultant
Religion	Church of Scotland
Website	Official website

John Ramsay Swinney (born 13 April 1964) is a Scottish National Party politician who is currently the Deputy First Minister of Scotland and the Cabinet Secretary for Finance, Constitution and Economy. He is also the Member of the Scottish Parliament for Perthshire North, having previously represented North Tayside (1999–2011). Perthshire North takes in Highland and East Perthshire, the Carse of Gowrie and the Perth City Centre ward of Perth and Kinross Council.

He joined the Scottish National Party in 1979 at the age of 15 and has held several posts within the party at local and national level, including National Secretary, Vice Convener for Publicity and Depute Leader. In 2000, Swinney was elected Leader (or National Convenor) of the SNP, becoming Leader of the Opposition in the Scottish Parliament. He stood down as SNP leader in 2004 and became Convener of the Scottish Parliament's European and External Relations Committee.

Swinney was previously a Member of Parliament (MP) for Tayside North in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, before taking the same seat in the Scottish Parliament's 1999, 2003 and 2007 elections. In 2007 he achieved the largest constituency vote for any candidate in Scotland. At the election in May 2011, he was re-elected with 18,219 votes, and a majority of 10,353. Swinney's vote was the second highest in Scotland, second only to the then First Minister, Alex Salmond MSP.

Following Nicola Sturgeon taking the office of First Minister, it was announced on 21 November 2014 that Swinney would become Deputy First Minister of Scotland in a cabinet reshuffle.

Born in Edinburgh, Swinney was educated at the University of Edinburgh, and prior to his election to the UK Parliament in 1997, he was employed as Strategic Planning Principal with Scottish Amicable. Swinney is married and has three children.

Background and early career

Swinney was born in the Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, the son of Kenneth Swinney, a garage manager. His uncle Tom Hunter was awarded the Victoria Cross whilst serving with the Royal Marines in World War II. He was educated at Forrester High School, before attending the University of Edinburgh, where he graduated with an MA Honours degree in politics in 1986. Swinney joined the SNP at the age of 15, citing his anger at the way in which Scotland had been portrayed by television commentators at the Commonwealth Games. He involved himself in the SNP Youth Wing and gradually became more active in the party, becoming firstly the SNP Assistant National Secretary and then the National Secretary in 1986, at the age of 22.

Swinney was a research officer for the Scottish Coal Project (1987–1988), a senior management consultant with Development Options (1988–1992), and a strategic planning principal with Scottish Amicable (1992–1997). In the SNP, he served as National Secretary until 1992, then Vice Convenor, later Senior Vice-Convenor (Deputy Leader) 1992–1997. At the time of the 1990 leadership contest he supported Margaret Ewing in her bid to become SNP leader, but this did not stop him becoming politically close to the man who went on to win that contest, Alex Salmond.

House of Commons (1997–2001)

At the 1997 general election, he was elected as Member of Parliament (MP) for the Tayside North constituency, and in 1999 he was elected to represent the same area at the Scottish Parliament.

He stood down as a Westminster MP at the 2001 general election in order to avoid splitting his time, in line with all of his colleagues who found themselves in a similar 'dual mandate' position.

Scottish Parliament (1999–present)

SNP Leader (2000–2004)

The leadership contest in 2000, caused by Alex Salmond's decision to step down as party leader, was marked by serious argument between the Gradualist wing of the party, who in the main supported Swinney and the Fundamentalist wing, who in the main supported Alex Neil. Swinney won the contest but the media raised some doubt about his ability to lead the party following poor SNP performances in the 2001 UK General Election and the 2003 Scottish Parliamentary Election. He defeated a leadership challenge from Bill Wilson in 2003, defeating Wilson by 577 votes to 111.

Though retaining its two seats at the 2004 European elections, in a smaller field of 7 (Scotland up until then had 8 MEPs) the Scottish press and certain elements within the fundamentalist wing of the Party depicted the result as a disaster for the SNP putting further pressure on Swinney who resigned soon afterwards on 22 June 2004.

Finance Secretary (2007–present)

After the SNP emerged as the largest party following the 2007 Scottish Parliament Election, Swinney led coalition talks with the Scottish Green Party. He was later appointed Cabinet Secretary for Finance and Sustainable Growth in the Cabinet of the minority SNP government.

As response to Swinney not notifying the Scottish Parliament that he had let the Scottish Variable Rate lapse due to not funding this tax mechanism, the Scottish Parliament voted to censure him and called his actions "an abuse of power". Subsequently, a freedom of information request showed that even if Swinney had funded the mechanism, problems and delays in the HM Revenue & Customs computer system made any collection of the tax impossible. The Scottish Government added, "The power has not lapsed, the HMRC simply does not have an IT system capable of delivering a ten-month state of readiness."

External links

• John Swinney MSP
• Scottish Parliament – John Swinney MSP
• Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by John Swinney

Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by Bill Walker	Member of Parliament for North Tayside 1997–2001	Succeeded by Peter Wishart
Scottish Parliament
Preceded by Constituency Created	Member of the Scottish Parliament for North Tayside 1999–2011	Succeeded by Constituency Abolished
Preceded by Constituency Created	Member of the Scottish Parliament for Perthshire North 2011–present	Incumbent
Political offices
Preceded by Tom McCabe	Cabinet Secretary for Finance, Constitution and Economy 2007–present	Incumbent
Preceded by Nicola Sturgeon	Deputy First Minister of Scotland 2014–present	Incumbent
Party political offices
Preceded by Neil MacCallum	National Secretary of the Scottish National Party 1986–1992	Succeeded by Alasdair Morgan
Preceded by Michael Russell	Scottish National Party Vice Convenor for Publicity 1992–1997	Succeeded by ?
Preceded by Allan Macartney	Depute Leader of the Scottish National Party 1998–2000	Succeeded by Roseanna Cunningham
Preceded by Alex Salmond	Leader of the Scottish National Party 2000–2004	Succeeded by Alex Salmond