Karl Theodor, Duke in Bavaria

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Duke Karl-Theodor in Bavaria
File:Duke Karl-Theodor in Bavaria.jpg
Born (1839-08-09)9 August 1839
Possenhofen Castle, Bavaria
Died Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist.
Kreuth, Bavaria
Burial Schloss Tegernsee
Spouse Princess Sophie of Saxony
Infanta Maria Josepha of Portugal
Issue Amalie, Duchess of Urach
Sophie, Countess Hans Veit zu Törring-Jettenbach
Elisabeth, Queen of Belgium
Marie Gabrielle, Crown Princess of Bavaria
Duke Ludwig Wilhelm in Bavaria
Duke Franz Joseph in Bavaria
House Wittelsbach
Father Duke Maximilian Joseph in Bavaria
Mother Princess Ludovika of Bavaria

Duke Karl-Theodor in Bavaria (9 August 1839 – 30 November 1909) was a member of the House of Wittelsbach and a professional oculist. He was the brother of the Empress Elisabeth of Austria, and father of Elisabeth of the Belgians .

Life

Karl-Theodor was born at Possenhofen Castle, the third son of Duke Maximilian in Bavaria and of his wife, Princess Ludovika of Bavaria.

At the age of fourteen Karl-Theodor joined the Bavarian Army. In 1866 he fought in the Austro-Prussian War. When he left active duty, he became a student at the Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, where he studied philosophy, law, economics, and medicine. Among his teachers were the chemist Justus von Liebig, the pathologist Ludwig von Buhl, and the physicist Philipp von Jolly.

In 1870 Karl-Theodor's studies were interrupted by the Franco-Prussian War in which he served as a proprietary colonel of the 3rd Bavarian Light Horse. After the war he returned to his studies. In 1872 he was named an honorary Doctor of Medicine by the Ludwig Maximilians University; the following year he completed the requirements for the degree. Then he studied ophthalmology under Professor Deutschland and continued his education under Professor Arlt in Vienna and Professor Horner in Zürich.

In 1877 Karl-Theodor began practicing medicine in Mentone on the Côte d'Azur, often assisted by his wife Maria Josepha. In 1880 he opened an eye-clinic in his castle at Tegernsee. In 1895 he founded the Augenklinik Herzog Carl Theodor (English: Duke Charles Theodore Eye Clinic) in Munich; the clinic in the Nymphenburger Strasse remains one of the most respected eye clinics in Bavaria to the present day. Between 1895 and 1909 Carl Theodor personally carried out more than 5,000 cataract operations as well as treating countless other eye disorders.

Honours

Karl-Theodor received a number of honours:

Karl-Theodor died at Kreuth in 1909. He is buried in the family crypt in Schloss Tegernsee.

Marriages and family

On 11 February 1865, at Dresden, Karl-Theodor married his first cousin Princess Sophie of Saxony (1845–1867), daughter of King John of Saxony and his maternal aunt Princess Amalie Auguste of Bavaria. They had one child:

On 29 April 1874, at Kleinheubach, Karl-Theodor married Infanta Maria Josepha of Portugal (1857–1943), daughter of exiled King Miguel I of Portugal and Princess Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg. They had five children:

Ancestry

Family of Karl Theodor, Duke in Bavaria
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
16. John, Count Palatine of Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8. Duke Wilhelm in Bavaria
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
17. Wildgravine and Rhinegravine Sophie Charlotte of Dhaun
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4. Duke Pius August in Bavaria
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
18. Count Palatine Frederick Michael of Zweibrücken (= 12)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
9. Countess Palatine Maria Anna of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19. Countess Palatine Maria Franziska of Sulzbach (= 13)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2. Maximilian Joseph, Duke in Bavaria
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
20. Charles, Duke of Arenberg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10. Louis-Marie, Duke of Arenberg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
21. Louise Margarete de la Marck-Schleiden, Countess of Vardes
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5. Princess Amélie Louise of Arenberg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
22. Louis Joseph de Mailly, Marquis of Nesle
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
11. Marie Adélaïde Julie de Mailly
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23. Adélaïde Julie d'Hautefort
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1. Duke Karl-Theodor in Bavaria
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
24. Christian III, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
12. Count Palatine Frederick Michael of Zweibrücken
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
25. Caroline of Nassau-Saarbrücken
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6. Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
26. Joseph Karl Emanuel August, Count Palatine of Sulzbach
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
13. Countess Palatine Maria Franziska of Sulzbach
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27. Countess Palatine Elizabeth Augusta Sophie of Neuburg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3. Princess Ludovika of Bavaria
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
28. Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
14. Charles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
29. Landgravine Karoline Luise of Hesse-Darmstadt
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7. Caroline of Baden
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
30. Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
15. Landgravine Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
31. Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken
 
 
 
 
 
 
Karl Theodor, Duke in Bavaria, with his sister Elisabeth at 11 years old, and their dog "Bummerl" at Possenhofen Castle

Bibliography

  • Sexau, Richard. Fürst und Arzt, Dr. med. Herzog Carl Theodor in Bayern: Shicksal zwischen Wittelsbach und Habsburg. Graz: Verlag Styria, 1963.
  • Trevor-Roper, Patrick Dacre. "The Royal Oculist". British Journal of Ophthalmology 43 (1959): 1–2.

External links