Ketazolam

Ketazolam

Systematic (IUPAC) name
11-chloro-2,8-dimethyl-12b-phenyl-6H-[1,3]oxazino[3,2-d][1,4]benzodiazepine-4,7-dione
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information
Legal status	DE: Anlage III (Prescription only) US: Schedule IV
Routes of administration	Oral
Pharmacokinetic data
Metabolism	Hepatic
Biological half-life	26–200 hours
Excretion	Renal
Identifiers
CAS Number	27223-35-4 Y
ATC code	N05BA10 (WHO)
PubChem	CID: 33746
DrugBank	DB01587 Y
ChemSpider	31110 Y
UNII	92A214MD7Y Y
KEGG	D04650 Y
Chemical data
Formula	C20H17ClN2O3
Molecular mass	368.8
SMILES ClC1=CC2=C(N(C)C(CN3C(C=C(C)OC32C4=CC=CC=C4)=O)=O)C=C1
InChI InChI=1S/C20H17ClN2O3/c1-13-10-18(24)23-12-19(25)22(2)17-9-8-15(21)11-16(17)20(23,26-13)14-6-4-3-5-7-14/h3-11H,12H2,1-2H3 Y Key:PWAJCNITSBZRBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
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Ketazolam (marketed under the brand names Anseren, Ansieten, Ansietil, Marcen, Sedatival, Sedotime, Solatran and Unakalm) is a drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative. It possesses anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant properties.

Therapeutic uses

It is used for the treatment of anxiety and has similar effectiveness compared to diazepam. Ketazolam also appears to produce a reduced level of side effects such as sedation compared with diazepam and the side effects when they occur tend to be milder. Ketazolam is also an effective antispasmodic drug and is used for the treatment of spasticity.

Availability

Ketazolam is not approved for sale in Australia, United Kingdom or the United States. In South Africa, GlaxoSmithKline markets ketazolam under its Solatran brand name. In Canada, ketazolam is listed in schedule IV of the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act, along with other benzodiazepines.

Tolerance and physical dependence

Chronic use of ketazolam as with other benzodiazepines can lead to physical dependence and the appearance of the benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome upon cessation of use or decrease in dose. Tolerance to ketazolam's therapeutic effects occurs over a period of 15 days.

Contraindications and special caution

Benzodiazepines require special precaution if used in the elderly, during pregnancy, in children, alcohol or drug-dependent individuals and individuals with comorbid psychiatric disorders.

Pharmacokinetics

Ketazolam breaks down in the blood to diazepam which breaks down to demoxepam which breaks down to desmethyldiazepam.

Warnings

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration warns that in Spain, ketazolam marketed as Marcen may sometimes be mistakenly confused with Narcan.

Legal status

Ketazolam is a List 3 drug under the Betäubungsmittelgesetz, like almost all benzodiazepines in Germany. Ketazolam is a List II drugs of the Opium Law in the Netherlands. Ketazolam is a Schedule IV drug under the Controlled Substances Act in the US.