King of Hanover

King of Hanover
Provincial/State
Imperial Coat of arms
George V
Details
Style	His Majesty
First monarch	George III
Last monarch	George V
Formation	12 October 1814
Abolition	20 September 1866
Appointer	Hereditary
Pretender(s)	Prince Ernest Augustus

The King of Hanover (German: König von Hannover) was the official title of the head of state and hereditary ruler of the Kingdom of Hanover, beginning with the proclamation of the King of the United Kingdom George III, as "King of Hanover" during the Congress of Vienna, on 12 October 1814 at Vienna, and ending with the kingdom's annexation by Prussia on 20 September 1866.

History

In 1813, George III of the United Kingdom was restored to his Hanoverian territories, and in October 1814 they were constituted as the independent Kingdom of Hanover at the Congress of Vienna. The personal union with the United Kingdom ended in 1837 on the accession of Queen Victoria because the succession laws in Hanover, based on Salic law, prevented a female inheriting the title if there was any surviving male heir (in the United Kingdom, a male took precedence only over his own sisters).

List of Electors of Hanover

Electors of Hanover

Image	Name	Date	Succession	Notes
	George I Louis	1708–1727	Son of Ernest Augustus.	Became King of Great Britain in 1714. Acquired Bremen-Verden in 1719.
	George II Augustus	1727–1760	Son of George I.	Acquired the Land of Hadeln in 1731.
	George III William Frederick	1760–1806	Grandson of George II.	Became King of the United Kingdom (by way of the act of union with Ireland) in 1801. Acquired the Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück in 1803. He lost (early 1801), regained (April 1801), lost again (May 1803), regained again (Autumn 1805), lost for a third time (early 1806), and regained for a third time (October 1813) de facto power in Hanover by various occupations and annexations during the Great French War (1801–1813). After the electoral title became defunct, with the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, nonetheless between 1806 and 1814, the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire was not recognised and George III retained the electoral title until early 1814 when George was proclaimed King of Hanover, a title which was universally recognised during the Congress of Vienna (1814–15).

List of Kings of Hanover

Monarch			Consort		Reign		Royal House
#	Portrait	Name	Portrait	Name	Reign start	Reign end
1		King George III (1738–1820) König Georg III	100px	Queen Charlotte (1744–1818) Königin Charlotte	12 October 1814	29 January 1820	Hanover
2		King George IV (1762–1830) König Georg IV		Queen Caroline (1768–1821) Königin Caroline	29 January 1820	26 June 1830	Hanover
3		King William I (1765–1837) König Wilhelm I		Queen Adelaide (1792–1845) Königin Adelaide	26 June 1830	20 June 1837	Hanover
4	100px	King Ernest Augustus I (1771–1851)	100px	Queen Frederica (1778–1841)	20 June 1837	18 November 1851	Hanover
5		King George V (1819–1878)	100px	Queen Marie (1818–1907)	18 November 1851	20 September 1866	Hanover

Standard & Coat of arms

After the personal union with Great Britain ended in 1837, Hanover kept the British royal arms and standard, only introducing a new Crown (after the British model).

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  Royal Standard of Hanover

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  Coat of arms of Hanover

See also

• Line of succession to the former Hanoverian throne
• Kingdom of Hanover
• House of Hanover
• German Chancery