Louis Diamond

Louis Klein Diamond (May 11, 1902 – June 14, 1999) was an American pediatrician, known as the "father of pediatric hematology".

Diamond was born in Kishinev, Bessarabia, at the time part of the Russian Empire. His family emigrated to the United States in 1904, following the Kishinev pogrom. He began his medical studies at Harvard University in 1919 and, on graduating in 1923, entered Harvard Medical School, receiving his M.D. in 1927. Shortly after finishing medical school, Diamond studied briefly with Florence Sabin at the Rockefeller Institute before returning to New England, where he spent several years studying pediatrics at Boston Children's Hospital under the guidance of Dr. Kenneth Blackfan.

Diamond set up one of the first pediatric hematology research centers in the United States at Children's. Focusing on anemias, by 1930 he had succeeded in identifying thalassemia, a hereditary anemia that affected children of Italian and Greek ancestry. In 1932, along with Blackfan, he identified erythroblastosis fetalis, later called Hemolytic disease of the newborn, at that time a significant disorder among newborns. He also discovered the blood diseases Gardner-Diamond syndrome, a painful bruising disorder, and Shwachman-Diamond syndrome, a rare genetic disorder that affects many different organs.

Diamond died at his home in Los Angeles on June 14, 1999, at the age of 97. His son Jared Diamond is an award-winning popular science writer and Professor of Geography at UCLA.