Laminaria
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| Laminaria hyperborea | |
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Laminaria
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| Species | |
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c. 30 species; see text |
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Laminaria is a genus of 31 species of brown algae commonly called "kelp". Some species are also referred to as tangle. This economically important genus is characterized by long, leathery laminae and relatively large size. Some species are referred to by the common name Devil's apron, due to their shape,[1] or sea colander, due to the perforations present on the lamina.[2] It is found in the north Atlantic Ocean and the northern Pacific Ocean at depths from 8 to 30 m (26 to 98 ft) (exceptionally to 120 m (390 ft) in the warmer waters of the Mediterranean Sea and off Brazil).[3]
According to C.Michael Hogan the life cycle of the genus involves a diploid generational system.[4]
Laminaria japonica (J. E. Areschoug — Japón) [5] is now regarded as a synonym of Saccharina japonica[6] and Laminaria saccharina is now classified as Saccharina latissima.[7]
Uses
Medical
A laminaria stick may be used to slowly dilate the cervix to induce labor and delivery, or for surgical procedures including abortions or to facilitate the placement of an Intrauterine Device.
Food
Various species of Laminaria have been used for food purposes since ancient times wherever humans have encountered them. Typically, the prepared parts, usually the blade, are consumed either immediately after boiling in broth or water, or consumed after drying, or drying then rehydrating. The greater proportion of commercial cultivation is for algin, iodine, and mannitol, which are used in a range of industrial applications. In South Korea it is processed into a sweetmeat known as laminaria jelly, in other countries it is also used in fresh salad form, which is also canned for preservation to deliverу and selling purposes in other regions. Many countries produce and consume laminaria products, but the largest is China.[8]
Species
- Laminaria abyssalis A.B. Joly & E.C. Oliveira — South American Atlantic[9][10]
- Laminaria agardhii Kjellman[11] — North American Atlantic [12]
- Laminaria appressirhiza J. E. Petrov & V. B. Vozzhinskaya [13]
- Laminaria brasiliensis A. B. Loly & E. C. Oliveira
- Laminaria brongardiana Postels & Ruprecht [14]
- Laminaria bulbosa J. V. Lamouroux
- Laminaria bullata Kjellman
- Laminaria complanata (Setchell & N. L. Garder) Muenscher
- Laminaria digitata (Hudson) J. V. Lamouroux
- Laminaria ephemera Setchell — Pacific of North America: From Vancouver to California [15]
- Laminaria farlowii Setchell — Coast of the North American Pacific [15]
- Laminaria groenlandica — British Columbia
- Laminaria hyperborea (Gunnerus) Foslie — Northeast Atlantic, Baltic Sea and North Sea.
- Laminaria inclinatorhiza J. Petrov & V. Vozzhinskaya
- Laminaria multiplicata J. Petrov & M. Suchovejeva
- Laminaria nigripes J. Agardh
- Laminaria ochroleuca Bachelot de la Pylaie
- Laminaria pallida Greville — South Africa, [16] Indian Ocean, Canary Islands and de Tristán da Cunha [17]
- Laminaria platymeris Bachelot de la Pylaie
- Laminaria rodriguezii Barnet
- Laminaria ruprechtii (Areschoug) Setchell
- Laminaria sachalinensis (Miyabe) Miyabe
- Laminaria setchellii P. C. Silva
- Laminaria sinclairii (Harvey ex J. D. Hooker & Harvey) Farlow, Anderson & Eaton — North American Pacific coast [15]
- Laminaria solidungula J. Agardh
- Laminaria yezoensis Miyabe
References
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[unreliable source?]
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[unreliable source?]
- ↑ C.Michael Hogan. 2011. Brown algae. eds. E.Monosson & C.J.Cleveland. Encyclopedia of Earth. National Council for Science and the Environment. Washington DC
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[page needed]
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Saccharina latissima (Linnaeus) J.V. Lamouroux The Seaweed Site. Retrieved 2011-09-20.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[page needed]
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- ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[page needed]
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External links
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Wikispecies has information related to: Laminaria |
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