List of École Normale Supérieure people
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Here follows a list of notable alumni and faculty of the École Normale Supérieure.
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Contents
Alumni
The year when they entered the ENS is in parenthesis.
Nobel laureates
- Henri Bergson (1878) (1927 Nobel Prize in Literature)
- Claude Cohen-Tannoudji (1953) (1997 Nobel Prize in Physics)
- Pierre-Gilles de Gennes (1951) (1991 Nobel Prize in Physics)
- Gérard Debreu (1941) (1983 Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel)
- Albert Fert (1957) (2007 Nobel Prize in Physics)
- Serge Haroche (1963) (2012 Nobel Prize in Physics)
- Alfred Kastler (1921) (1966 Nobel Prize in Physics)
- Gabriel Lippmann (1868) (1908 Nobel Prize in Physics)
- Louis Néel (1924) (1970 Nobel Prize in Physics)
- Jean-Baptiste Perrin (1891) (1926 Nobel Prize in Physics)
- Romain Rolland (1886) (1915 Nobel Prize in Literature)
- Paul Sabatier (1874) (1912 Nobel Prize in Chemistry)
- Jean-Paul Sartre (1924) (declined 1964 Nobel Prize in Literature)
Fields Medal laureates
The following Fields Medal were educated at the École Normale Supérieure.
- Laurent Schwartz (1934): 1950 Fields Medalist
- Jean-Pierre Serre (1945): 1954 Fields Medalist
- René Thom (1943): 1958 Fields Medalist
- Alexandre Grothendieck: 1966 Fields Medalist
- Alain Connes (1966): 1982 Fields Medalist
- Jean-Christophe Yoccoz (1975): 1994 Fields Medalist
- Pierre-Louis Lions (1975): 1994 Fields Medalist
- Laurent Lafforgue (1986): 2002 Fields Medalist
- Wendelin Werner (1987): 2006 Fields Medalist
- Cédric Villani (1992): 2010 Fields Medalist
- Ngô Bảo Châu (1992): 2010 Fields Medalist
Sciences
Medicine and biology
- Stanislas Dehaene (1984), current Chair of Experimental Psychology at the Collège de France
- Louis Pasteur (1843), chemist and microbiologist, confirmed the germ theory of disease
Physics
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- Édouard Branly (1865)
- Léon Brillouin
- Marcel Brillouin (1878)
- Hubert Curien (1945)
- Thomas Fink
- Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier
- Paul Langevin (1894)
- Yves Rocard (1922)
- Georges Sagnac (1889)
Mathematics
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- Nalini Anantharaman (1994)
- Roger Apéry (1936)
- Paul Emile Appell (1872)
- Cahit Arf (1932)
- René-Louis Baire (1892)
- Arnaud Beauville (1966)
- Marcel Berger (1948)
- Pierre Berthelot (1962)
- Émile Borel (1889)
- Louis Boutet de Monvel (1960)
- Emmanuel Breuillard (1997)
- Marcel Brillouin (1874)
- François Bruhat (1948)
- Élie Cartan (1888)
- Henri Cartan (1923), co-founder of Bourbaki
- Pierre Cartier (1950)
- Claude Chevalley (1926), co-founder of Bourbaki
- Gustave Choquet (1934)
- Henri Cohen (1966)
- Yves Colin de Verdière (1964)
- Jean-Louis Colliot-Thélène (1966)
- Pierre Colmez (1981)
- Alain Connes (1966)
- Thierry Coquand (1980)
- Antoine Augustin Cournot (1821)
- Louis Couturat (1887)
- Jean Gaston Darboux (1891)
- Georges Darmois (1906)
- Patrick Dehornoy (1971)
- Jean Delsarte (1922), co-founder of Bourbaki
- Michel Demazure (1955)
- Arnaud Denjoy (1902)
- Jean Dieudonné (1924), co-founder of Bourbaki
- Jacques Dixmier (1942)
- Pierre Dolbeault (1944)
- Adrien Douady (1954)
- Paul Dubreil (1923)
- Marie-Louise Dubreil-Jacotin (1926)
- Charles Ehresmann (1927), co-founder of Bourbaki
- Ivar Ekeland (1963)
- Nicole El Karoui (1964)
- Hélène Esnault (1973)
- Pierre Fatou (1898)
- Jacqueline Ferrand (1936)
- Étienne Fouvry (1972)
- Maurice René Fréchet (1900)
- Évariste Galois (1829), originated Galois theory
- René Gâteaux (1907)
- Roger Godement (1940)
- Édouard Goursat (1876)
- Jacques Hadamard (1884)
- Guy Henniart (1973)
- Jacques Herbrand (1925)
- Luc Illusie (1959)
- Hervé Jacquet (1959)
- Gaston Julia (1911)
- Jean-Louis Koszul (1940)
- François Labourie (1980)
- Vincent Lafforgue (1992)
- Gérard Laumon (1972)
- Jean-François Le Gall (1978)
- Henri Lebesgue (1894)
- Pierre Lelong (1931)
- Jean Leray (1926)
- André Lichnerowicz (1933)
- Jacques-Louis Lions (1950)
- François Loeser (1978)
- Édouard Lucas (1861)
- Bernard Malgrange (1947)
- Szolem Mandelbrojt, co-founder of Bourbaki
- Loïc Merel (1986)
- Paul-André Meyer (1954)
- Yves Meyer (1957)
- Paul Montel (1894)
- Sophie Morel (1999)
- André Néron (1943)
- Joseph Oesterlé (1973)
- Henri Padé (1883)
- Paul Painlevé (1883)
- Mihailo Petrović (1890)
- Charles Émile Picard (1874)
- Charles Pisot (1929)
- Georges Poitou (1945)
- René de Possel (1923), co-founder of Bourbaki
- Victor Puiseux (1837)
- Michel Raynaud (1958)
- Raphaël Rouquier (1988)
- Laure Saint-Raymond (1994)
- Pierre Samuel (1940)
- Marie-Hélène Schwartz (1934)
- Sylvia Serfaty (1994)
- Jean-Claude Sikorav (1976)
- Christophe Soulé (1970)
- Jean-Marie Souriau (1942)
- Gheorghe Tzitzeica (1896)
- Jean-Louis Verdier (1955)
- Ernest Vessiot (1884)
- Paul Vidal de la Blache (1863), considered the founder of French modern geography
- Claire Voisin (1981)
- Jean-Loup Waldspurger (1972)
- André Weil (1922), co-founder of Bourbaki
- Jean-Pierre Wintenberger (1973)
Humanities
- Jean Bousquet (1931), classicist, archaeologist (Delphi excavations), Director of ENS
Philosophy
- Louis Althusser (1939), Marxist philosopher
- Raymond Aron (1924), political philosopher, founder of French conservative thought post-1960
- Alain Badiou, philosopher
- Étienne Balibar (1960), philosopher and linguist
- Georges Canguilhem (1924), philosopher of science
- Jean Cavaillès (1923), philosopher and Résistance hero
- Emile Auguste Chartier "Alain" (1889), philosopher
- André Comte-Sponville (1972), philosopher and essayist
- Victor Cousin (1810), spiritualist philosopher and historian of philosophy
- Jacques Derrida (1952), founder of deconstruction
- Michel Foucault (1946), historian of systems of thought, member of Collège de France
- Georges Gusdorf (1933), philosopher and historian of ideas
- Jean Hyppolite (1924), founder of Hegelian studies in France
- Vladimir Jankélévitch (1922), philosopher, musicologist
- Quentin Meillassoux, philosopher
- Maurice Merleau-Ponty (1926), phenomenologist
- Jacques Rancière (1960), philosopher
- Philippe-Joseph Salazar (1975), rhetorician, member of College international de philosophie
- Jean-Paul Sartre (1924), philosopher, novelist, playwright, journalist
- Hippolyte Taine (1893)
- Simone Weil (1928), philosopher and mystic
Sociology
- Jean-Michel Berthelot (1966)
- Raymond Boudon (1951)
- Pierre Bourdieu (1951)
- Émile Durkheim (1879), considered the founder of French sociology
Literature
- Paul Bénichou (1927)
- Robert Brasillach, novelist, critic and pro-Nazi collaborationist
- Aimé Césaire (1935), poet and politician
- Marie Darrieussecq (1990), novelist
- Assia Djebar (1955), Algerian novelist and filmmaker
- Jean Giraudoux (1903), playwright
- Julien Gracq (1930), novelist and literary critic
- Sabiha Al Khemir (1982), writer, illustrator and expert in Islamic art
- Paul Nizan (1924)
- Charles Péguy (1894), poet
- Claude Ribbe (1974), historian and novelist
- Romain Rolland (1886), novelist
- Jules Romains (1906), novelist
- Éric-Emmanuel Schmitt (1980)
Literary criticism
- Jean-Charles Darmon (1982)
- Gérard Genette (1951)
- Jean-Pierre Richard (1941)
History
- Marc Bloch (1904), co-founder of the Annales School
- Jérôme Carcopino (1901), specialist of Roman Antiquity
- Jacqueline de Romilly (1933), specialist of the history and literature of Ancient Greece
- Georges Dumézil (1916), specialist of Proto-Indo-European society; creator of the trifunctional hypothesis
- Lucien Febvre (1899), co-founder of the Annales School
- Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges, 1850, specialist of classical and mediaeval history
- Marcel Granet (1904), sinologist
- Pierre Grimal (1933), Latinist
- Henri Hauser (1885), economic historian
- Ernest Lavisse (1862), a founder of Positivist history
- Jacques Le Goff (1945), medievalist
- Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie (1949), historian
- Neil MacGregor, art historian, Director of the British Museum
- Paul Mantoux (1894), economic historian
- Jacques Soustelle (1929), ethnologist
Economics
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- Yves Balasko (1964)
- Esther Duflo (1992)
- Xavier Gabaix (1991)
- Thomas Piketty (1989)
- Emmanuel Saez (1992)
Government and public policy
- Léon Blum (1890) (expelled during his third year), first Socialist Prime Minister of France (1936)
- Pierre Brossolette (1922), politician and resistant
- Laurent Fabius (1966), Prime Minister of France, 1984-1986
- Édouard Herriot (1891), Prime Minister of France, 1924-1925, 1926 and 1932
- Jean Jaurès (1878), Socialist leader
- Alain Juppé (1964), Prime Minister of France 1995-1997
- Bruno Le Maire (1989), Minister of Agriculture 2009-2012
- Benny Lévy (1965), founder of Gauche prolétarienne
- Paul Painlevé (1883), mathematician; Prime Minister of France in 1917 and 1925
- Georges Pompidou (1931), Prime Minister of France 1962-1968; President of France 1969-1974
- Michel Sapin (1974), Finance Minister 1992-1993; Minister of Civil Servants and State Reforms 2000-2002[1]
- Laurent Wauquiez (1994), Minister of Higher Education (2011-2012)
Business
- Philippe Camus (1967), Chairman of Alcatel Lucent
- Anne Lauvergeon (1978), former President of Areva
- Jean-Charles Naouri (1967), CEO of Auchan
Faculty
- Louis Althusser
- Alain Badiou
- Samuel Beckett, 1969 Nobel Prize in Literature
- Pierre Bonnet
- Paul Celan
- John Coates
- Victor Cousin
- Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges
- Jacques Derrida
- Alfred Des Cloizeaux
- Laurent Freidel
- Jacques Lacan
- Ernest Lavisse
- Alfred Kastler, 1966 Nobel Prize in Physics
- Thomas MacGreevy
- Jacqueline de Romilly
- Jean-Pierre Serre, 1954 Fields Medal
Sources
Dates of entrance at the ENS can be checked at http://www.archicubes.ens.fr/
