List of African-American United States presidential and vice presidential candidates
The following is a list of African-American United States presidential and vice-presidential nominees and candidates for nomination. Nominees are candidates nominated or otherwise selected by political parties for particular offices. Listed are those African Americans who achieved ballot access for the national election in at least one state. They may have won the nomination of one of the US political parties (either one of the major parties, or one of the third parties), or made the ballot as an Independent, and in either case must have votes in the election to qualify for this list. Exception is made for those few candidates whose parties lost ballot status for additional runs.
Not included in the first two tables are African Americans who lost campaigns in nominating conventions or primary elections for their party's nomination (or who have not yet completed that process), write-in candidates, potential candidates (suggested by media, objects of draft movements, etc.), or fictional candidates.
The third table includes African Americans who ran for their party's presidential nomination but who were not nominated, as well as those who are currently pursuing their party's presidential nomination (when applicable).
Barack Obama became the first African-American candidate to be nominated by a major party, and the first to win, for either president or vice president when he became the Democratic Party presidential nominee in the 2008 election and was elected. He was re-elected in the 2012 election.
Contents
U.S. Presidential candidates: Party nominees
Denotes winning candidate.
Candidates receiving electoral votes
Year | Name | Party | Running Mate | Electoral Votes |
Total Electoral Votes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2008 | Barack Obama | Democratic Party | Joe Biden | 365 | 538 |
2012 | Barack Obama | Democratic Party | Joe Biden | 332 | 538 |
Candidates receiving popular votes
U.S. Vice-Presidential candidates: Party nominees
Through the 2012 presidential election, no African-American candidates have received electoral votes for vice president.
Candidates receiving popular votes
U.S. President: Other candidates for party nomination
Candidates who failed to receive their party's nomination (or who are currently campaigning for their party's nomination). Candidates who won the nomination belong in the above tables only.
U.S. Vice-President: Other candidates for party nomination
Year | Name | Party | Details | Nomination winner |
---|---|---|---|---|
1856 | Frederick Douglass | Political Abolitionist[18] | Samuel T. McFarland[19] | |
1880 | Blanche Kelso Bruce | Republican Party | 8 votes at national convention[20] | Chester A. Arthur |
1888 | Blanche Kelso Bruce | Republican Party | 11 votes at national convention[20] | Levi P. Morton |
1968 | Julian Bond | Democratic Party | 48.5 votes at national convention | Edmund Muskie |
1972 | Julian Bond | Democratic Party | 1 vote at national convention | Thomas Eagleton |
1972 | Shirley Chisholm | Democratic Party | 20 votes at national convention | Thomas Eagleton |
1972 | Ron Dellums | Democratic Party | 4 votes at national convention | Thomas Eagleton |
1976 | Barbara Jordan | Democratic Party | 17 votes in national convention | Walter Mondale |
1980 | Mel Boozer | Democratic Party | 49 votes in national convention[21] | Walter Mondale |
Notes
- ↑ Wisconsin Labor Advocate, La Crosse, Wis. : Geo. E. Taylor, 1886-
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. "they received only a few scattering votes of which there is no exact record."
- ↑ Does not include 27,887 votes cast for the party's ticket in California and Utah, where Cleaver's name did not appear on the ballot because he was under 35 years old.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 In 2004 and 2008, Harris served as a stand-in nominee for the Socialist Workers Party in states where the party's main presidential nominee, Róger Calero, was ineligible because he was not a natural-born citizen.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Douglass did not acknowledge the nomination or participate in the campaign.
- ↑ Walton, Hanes. Invisible politics: Black political behavior. p.92.
- ↑ Guzman, Jessie Parkhurst. Negro Year Book - An Annual Encyclopedia of the Negro 1931-1932 p.87.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Edward Bergonzi was an alternate candidate for Helen Halyard in some states, including Ohio.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ http://www.ok.gov/~elections/96rpres.html
- ↑ "White House bid wants serious attention", St. Petersburg Times, March 24, 1999. Accessed 07/08/08.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[dead link]
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Walton, Hanes. Invisible politics: Black political behavior. p.92.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 20.0 20.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Sears, p. 389
References
- Sears, Thomas James (2001). Rebels, Rubyfruit, and Rhinestones: Queering Space in the Stonewall South. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 0-8135-2964-6.