List of Arabic dictionaries

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The following is a list of notable Arabic dictionaries.

Title Author Date Vocabulary Notes
Kitab al-Ayn[n 1]
(Arabic: كتاب العين‎‎)		 Al-Khalil ibn Ahmad al-Farahidi
(Arabic: الخليل بن أحمد الفراهيدي‎‎)
(b. 718 - d. 791)		 8th century
  • Kitab al-Ayn was the first ever dictionary for the Arabic language.[1]
Kitab al-Jim[n 2]
(Arabic: كتاب الجيم‎‎)
a.k.a. Kitab al-Lughat or Kitab al-Huruf		 Abu Amr al-Shaybani
(Arabic: أبو عمرو الشيباني‎‎)
(b. ca. 738 - d. 828)		 8-9th century
  • The only copy is in the El Escorial Library.[2]
Al-Jamhara al-Lugha[n 3]
(Arabic: الجمهرة اللغة‎‎)
a.k.a. Al-Jamhara fi al-Lugha (The all-embracing in language)[3]		 Ibn Duraid[4]
(Arabic: ابن دريد‎‎)
(b. 838 - d. 933)		 9-10th century
  • The dictionary was inspired in part by the earlier dictionary Kitab al-Ayn of al-Farahidi.[5]
Tahdhib al-Lugha[n 4]
(Arabic: تهذيب اللغة‎‎)		 Abu Manshur al-Azhari al-Harawi
(Arabic: أبو منصور الأزهري الهروي‎‎)
(b. 895 - d. 981)		 10th century
Al-Muhit fi al-Lugha[n 5]
(Arabic: المحيط في اللغة‎‎)		 Al-Sahib ibn Abbad
(Arabic: الصاحب بن عبّاد‎‎)
(b. 938 - d. 995)		 10th century
Taj al-Lugha wa Sihah al-Arabiyya[n 6]
(Arabic: تاج اللغة وصحاح العربية‎‎)
shorter title: Taj al-Lugha or al-Sihah		 Ismail ibn Hammad al-Jawhari
(Arabic: إسماعيل بن حماد الجوهري‎‎)
(b. ? - d. 1009)		 10-11th century It contains about 40,000 dictionary entries.[7]
Al-Muhkam wa al-Muhit al-A'zam[n 7]
(Arabic: المحكم والمحيط الأعظم‎‎)
shorter title: Al-Muhkam		 Ibn Sidah
(Arabic: ابن سيده‎‎)
(b. 1007 - d. 1066)		 11th century
Lisan al-Arab[n 8]
(Arabic: لسان العرب‎‎)		 Ibn Manzur
(Arabic: ابن منظور‎‎)
(b. 1233 - d. 1312)		 The dictionary was completed in 1290.[10] It contains about 80,000 dictionary entries.[11]
Al-Qamus al-Muhit wa al-Qabus al-Wasit[n 9] [n 10]
(Arabic: القاموس المحيط، والقابوس الوسيط‎‎)
shorter title: Al-Qamus al-Muhit		 Al-Firuzabadi
(Arabic: الفيروزآبادي‎‎)
(b. 1329 - d. 1414)		 The dictionary was completed in 1410.[12] It contains about 60,000 dictionary entries.[13]
  • The dictionary served as the basis of later European dictionaries of Arabic.[14]
Taj al-Arus Min Jawahir al-Qamus[n 11]
(Arabic: تاج العروس‎‎)
shorter title: Taj al-Arus		 Al-Murtada al-Zabidi
(Arabic: المرتضى الزبيدي‎‎)
(b. 1731 - d. 1790)		 The dictionary was completed in 1774.[15] It contains about 120,000 dictionary entries.[16]
Muhit al-Muhit[n 12]
(Arabic: محيط المحيط‎‎)
a.k.a. Qutr al-Muhit (The Diameter of the Ocean)[17]		 Butrus al-Bustani
(Arabic: بطرس البستاني‎‎)
(b. 1819 - d. 1883)		 The dictionary was completed in 1870.[18]
  • The author had dedicated the work to the Sultan Abdulaziz. The sultan awarded him with a higher medal and 250 golden liras.[19]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ The name means "Book of the Ayn (Letter)".
  2. ↑ The name means "Book of the Jim (Letter)".
  3. ↑ The name means "Collection of Language".
  4. ↑ The name means "Refinement of Language".
  5. ↑ The name means "Ocean in Language".
  6. ↑ The name means "The crown of Language and the authentic of Arabic".
  7. ↑ The name means "The arbitrator and the Great Ocean".
  8. ↑ The name means "The tongue of the Arabs".
  9. ↑ Al-Qamus al-Muhit means "The surrounding Ocean".
  10. ↑ The Qamus - which may be derived from Greek okeanos became, and has remained, the commonest Arabic word for dictionary.
  11. ↑ The name means "The bride's crown from the pearls of the Qamus (Ocean)".
  12. ↑ The name means "Circumference of the Ocean".

References

  1. ↑ "Al-Khalīl ibn Aḥmad" Encyclopædia Britannica Retrieved 02 February 2015
  2. ↑ "İslâm Ansiklopedisi Online (in Turkish)" PDF "TDV Encyclopedia of Islam". Retrieved 31 January 2015
  3. ↑ Hausmann, F. J. Dictionnaires, P.2441
  4. ↑ "Ibn Durayd" Encyclopædia Britannica Retrieved 02 February 2015
  5. ↑ "Ibn Durayd" Encyclopædia Britannica Retrieved 30 May 2015
  6. ↑ Arabic Lexicography: Its History, and Its Place in the General History of Lexicography, John A. Haywood, p. 53.
  7. ↑ "İslâm Ansiklopedisi Online (in Turkish)" PDF "TDV Encyclopedia of Islam". Retrieved 02 February 2015
  8. ↑ "İslâm Ansiklopedisi Online (in Turkish)" PDF "TDV Encyclopedia of Islam". Retrieved 02 February 2015
  9. ↑ Arabic Lexicography: Its History, and Its Place in the General History of Lexicography, John A. Haywood, p. 65.
  10. ↑ "İslâm Ansiklopedisi Online (in Turkish)" PDF "TDV Encyclopedia of Islam". Retrieved 02 February 2015
  11. ↑ "İslâm Ansiklopedisi Online (in Turkish)" PDF "TDV Encyclopedia of Islam". Retrieved 02 February 2015
  12. ↑ "İslâm Ansiklopedisi Online (in Turkish)" PDF "TDV Encyclopedia of Islam". Retrieved 02 February 2015
  13. ↑ "İslâm Ansiklopedisi Online (in Turkish)" PDF "TDV Encyclopedia of Islam". Retrieved 02 February 2015
  14. ↑ "Al-Fīrūzābādī" Encyclopædia Britannica Retrieved 02 February 2015
  15. ↑ Encyclopedia of Arabic Literature, Vol.2, Julie Scott Meisami and Paul Starkey, p.817.
  16. ↑ Encyclopedia of Arabic Literature, Vol.2, Julie Scott Meisami and Paul Starkey, p.817.
  17. ↑ al-hakawati Butros Bustani Retrieved 02 February 2015
  18. ↑ al-hakawati Butros Bustani Retrieved 02 February 2015
  19. ↑ "İslâm Ansiklopedisi Online (in Turkish)" Muhitü'l-Muhit article PDF. "TDV Encyclopedia of Islam". Retrieved 05 June 2015
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