List of Major League Baseball pitchers who have struck out three batters on nine pitches

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A smiling man in a white baseball jersey and dark baseball cap with an interlocked white "LA" on the front.
A man in a gray baseball jersey wearing a dark blue baseball cap with a "T" at the centre and a brown Rawlings on his left hand prepares to pitch with the windup.
Lefty Grove (not pictured), Sandy Koufax (left), Nolan Ryan (right), and Randy Johnson (not pictured) are the only pitchers to achieve an immaculate inning on multiple occasions.

In baseball, a strikeout occurs when a pitcher throws three strikes to a batter during his time at bat.[1] Seventy-three different pitchers have struck out three batters on nine consecutive pitches in a half-inning of a Major League Baseball (MLB) game as of 2015, the most recent being Santiago Casilla of the San Francisco Giants on May 17, 2015. Four players have accomplished the feat—commonly known as an immaculate inning[2][3]—more than once in their career; Lefty Grove, Nolan Ryan, and Randy Johnson each did it twice, while Sandy Koufax accomplished the feat three times.[4] No player has ever struck out four batters on twelve pitches in an inning. John Clarkson was the first player to strike out three batters on nine pitches, doing so in the third inning for the Boston Beaneaters against the Philadelphia Quakers on June 4, 1889.[5]

Out of the 74 pitchers who have accomplished the feat, 57 were right-handed and 17 pitched left-handed. Thirteen of these players (including nine active pitchers) have played for only one major league team. Five pitchers—Roger Clemens, Bob Gibson, Randy Johnson, Pedro Martínez and Nolan Ryan—are also members of the 3,000 strikeout club.[6] Sloppy Thurston, Wade Miley and Ryan are the only rookies to have attained the milestone.[7][8][9] Ryan struck out three batters on nine pitches in the American League and National League, becoming the only player to achieve the feat in both leagues of MLB.[10] Danny Jackson is the sole player to pitch an immaculate inning in the World Series.[11]

Once a relatively uncommon feat – there were no known immaculate innings thrown from 1929 through 1952 – there has been at least one immaculate inning (and often more) thrown every year since 2006. In total, 38 of the 77 of the known immaculate innings have been thrown since 1997.

Of the players eligible for the Baseball Hall of Fame who pitched an immaculate inning, twelve have been elected and five were elected on the first ballot.[12] Players are eligible for the Hall of Fame if they have played in at least ten major league seasons, and have either been retired for five seasons or deceased for at least six months.[13]

Players

Key
Pitcher (X) Name of the pitcher and number of immaculate innings they had pitched at that point
Date Date of the game
Team The player's team at the time of the game
Opposing team The team against whom the pitcher struck out three batters on nine pitches
Inning The inning in which the pitcher struck out three batters on nine pitches
Batters faced (X) The batters who were struck out on nine pitches and number of immaculate innings they had batted in at that point
Box Box score with play by play (if available)
dagger Elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame
double-dagger Player is active[lower-alpha 1]
MLB pitchers who have struck out three batters on nine pitches
Pitcher Date Team Opposing team Inning Batters faced Box
John Clarksondagger June 4, 1889 Boston Beaneaters Philadelphia Quakers 3rd Jim Fogarty, Sam Thompson, Sid Farrar n/a
Rube Waddelldagger July 1, 1902 Philadelphia Athletics Baltimore Orioles 3rd Billy Gilbert, Harry Howell, John Cronin n/a
Pat Ragan October 5, 1914 Brooklyn Dodgers Boston Braves 8th Possum Whitted, Butch Schmidt, Red Smith n/a
Joe Oeschger September 8, 1921 Boston Braves Philadelphia Phillies 4th Bevo LeBourveau, Cy Williams, Ed Konetchy n/a
Sloppy Thurston August 22, 1923 Chicago White Sox Philadelphia Athletics 12th Beauty McGowan, Chick Galloway, Sammy Hale n/a
Dazzy Vancedagger September 14, 1924 Brooklyn Dodgers Chicago Cubs 2nd Sam Bohne, Bubbles Hargrave, Eppa Rixey n/a
Lefty Grovedagger August 23, 1928 Philadelphia Athletics Cleveland Indians 2nd Ed Morgan, Luther Harvel, Martin Autry n/a
Lefty Grovedagger (2) September 27, 1928 Philadelphia Athletics Chicago White Sox 7th Moe Berg, Tommy Thomas, Johnny Mostil n/a
Billy Hoeft September 7, 1953 Detroit Tigers Chicago White Sox 7th Jim Rivera, Mike Fornieles, Chico Carrasquel [14]
Robin Robertsdagger April 17, 1956 Philadelphia Phillies Brooklyn Dodgers 6th Carl Furillo, Charlie Neal, Sandy Amorós [15]
Jim Bunningdagger August 2, 1959 Detroit Tigers Boston Red Sox 9th Sammy White, Jim Mahoney, Ike Delock [16]
Sandy Koufaxdagger June 30, 1962 Los Angeles Dodgers New York Mets 1st Richie Ashburn, Rod Kanehl, Félix Mantilla [17]
Sandy Koufaxdagger (2) April 19, 1963 Los Angeles Dodgers Houston Colt .45s 5th Bob Aspromonte, Jim Campbell, Turk Farrell [18]
Tony Cloninger June 15, 1963 Milwaukee Braves Philadelphia Phillies 8th Tony González, Clay Dalrymple, Rubén Amaro [19]
Sandy Koufaxdagger (3) April 18, 1964 Los Angeles Dodgers Cincinnati Reds 3rd Leo Cárdenas, Johnny Edwards, Jim Maloney [20]
Bob Bruce April 19, 1964 Houston Colt .45s St. Louis Cardinals 8th Bill White, Charlie James, Ken Boyer [21]
Al Downing August 11, 1967 New York Yankees Cleveland Indians 2nd Tony Horton, Don Demeter, Duke Sims [22]
Nolan Ryandagger April 19, 1968 New York Mets Los Angeles Dodgers 3rd Claude Osteen, Wes Parker, Zoilo Versalles [23]
Bob Gibsondagger May 12, 1969 St. Louis Cardinals Los Angeles Dodgers 7th Len Gabrielson, Paul Popovich, John Miller [24]
Bill Wilson July 6, 1971 Philadelphia Phillies Atlanta Braves 8th Darrell Evans, Hal King, Earl Williams [25]
John Strohmayer July 10, 1971 Montreal Expos Philadelphia Phillies 5th Mike Ryan, Woodie Fryman, Denny Doyle [26]
Milt Pappas September 24, 1971 Chicago Cubs Philadelphia Phillies 4th Greg Luzinski, Don Money, Mike Anderson [27]
Nolan Ryandagger (2) July 9, 1972 California Angels Boston Red Sox 2nd Carlton Fisk, Bob Burda, Juan Beníquez [28]
Bruce Sutterdagger September 8, 1977 Chicago Cubs Montreal Expos 9th Ellis Valentine, Gary Carter, Larry Parrish [29]
Pedro Borbón June 23, 1979 Cincinnati Reds San Francisco Giants 9th Mike Sadek, Gary Lavelle, Billy North [30]
Lynn McGlothen August 25, 1979 Chicago Cubs San Francisco Giants 3rd Larry Herndon, Joe Strain, Jack Clark [31]
Joey McLaughlin September 11, 1979 Atlanta Braves San Francisco Giants 7th Larry Herndon (2), Greg Johnston, Johnnie LeMaster [32]
Ron Guidry August 7, 1984 New York Yankees Chicago White Sox 9th Carlton Fisk (2), Tom Paciorek, Greg Luzinski (2) [33]
Danny Jackson October 24, 1985 Kansas City Royals St. Louis Cardinals 7th Terry Pendleton, Tom Nieto, Brian Harper [11]
Jeff Robinson September 7, 1987 Pittsburgh Pirates Chicago Cubs 8th Leon Durham, Andre Dawson, Rafael Palmeiro [34]
Rob Dibble June 4, 1989 Cincinnati Reds San Diego Padres 8th Carmelo Martínez, Mark Parent, Garry Templeton [35]
Jeff Montgomery April 29, 1990 Kansas City Royals Texas Rangers 8th Pete Incaviglia, Geno Petralli, Thad Bosley [36]
Andy Ashby June 15, 1991 Philadelphia Phillies Cincinnati Reds 4th Hal Morris, Todd Benzinger, Jeff Reed [37]
David Cone August 30, 1991 New York Mets Cincinnati Reds 5th Herm Winningham, Randy Myers, Mariano Duncan [38]
Pete Harnisch September 6, 1991 Houston Astros Philadelphia Phillies 7th Wes Chamberlain, Dickie Thon, José DeJesús [39]
Trevor Wilson June 7, 1992 San Francisco Giants Houston Astros 9th Jeff Bagwell, Eric Anthony, Rafael Ramírez [40]
Mel Rojas May 11, 1994 Montreal Expos New York Mets 9th David Segui, Todd Hundley, Jeff McKnight [41]
Stan Belinda August 6, 1994 Kansas City Royals Seattle Mariners 9th Eric Anthony (2), Chris Howard, Luis Sojo [42]
Todd Worrell August 13, 1995 Los Angeles Dodgers Pittsburgh Pirates 9th Mark Johnson, Angelo Encarnación, Steve Pegues [43]
Mike Magnante August 22, 1997 Houston Astros Colorado Rockies 9th Ellis Burks, Harvey Pulliam, Jeff Reed (2) [44]
Roger Clemens September 18, 1997 Toronto Blue Jays Boston Red Sox 1st Nomar Garciaparra, John Valentin, Mo Vaughn [45]
Doug Jones September 23, 1997 Milwaukee Brewers Kansas City Royals 9th Johnny Damon, Scott Cooper, Rod Myers [46]
Jimmy Key April 14, 1998 Baltimore Orioles Chicago White Sox 2nd Robin Ventura, Magglio Ordóñez, Ray Durham [47]
Mike Mussina May 9, 1998 Baltimore Orioles Tampa Bay Devil Rays 9th Fred McGriff, Paul Sorrento, Rich Butler [48]
Orel Hershiser June 16, 1998 San Francisco Giants Colorado Rockies 4th Ellis Burks (2), Vinny Castilla, Todd Helton [49]
Randy Johnsondagger September 2, 1998 Houston Astros Atlanta Braves 6th Javy Lopez, Andruw Jones, Greg Colbrunn [50]
Jesús Sánchez September 13, 1998 Florida Marlins Atlanta Braves 3rd Tony Graffanino, Greg Maddux, Walt Weiss [51]
Shane Reynolds July 15, 1999 Houston Astros Detroit Tigers 1st Juan Encarnacion, Brad Ausmus, Bobby Higginson [52]
B. J. Ryan September 5, 1999 Baltimore Orioles Cleveland Indians 6th Manny Ramirez, Jim Thome, Richie Sexson [53]
Ugueth Urbina April 4, 2000 Montreal Expos Los Angeles Dodgers 9th F.P. Santangelo, Devon White, Mark Grudzielanek [54]
Randy Johnsondagger (2) August 23, 2001 Arizona Diamondbacks Pittsburgh Pirates 6th Tony McKnight, Gary Matthews Jr., Jack Wilson [55]
Jason Isringhausen April 13, 2002 St. Louis Cardinals Houston Astros 9th Daryle Ward, José Vizcaíno, Julio Lugo [56]
Byung-Hyun Kim May 11, 2002 Arizona Diamondbacks Philadelphia Phillies 8th Scott Rolen, Mike Lieberthal, Pat Burrell [57]
Pedro Martínezdagger May 18, 2002 Boston Red Sox Seattle Mariners 1st Ichiro Suzuki, Mark McLemore, Rubén Sierra [58]
Brian Lawrence June 12, 2002 San Diego Padres Baltimore Orioles 3rd Brook Fordyce, Jerry Hairston, Jr., Melvin Mora [59]
Brandon Backe April 15, 2004 Houston Astros Milwaukee Brewers 8th Bill Hall, Scott Podsednik, Craig Counsell [60]
Ben Sheets June 13, 2004 Milwaukee Brewers Houston Astros 3rd Pete Munro, Craig Biggio, José Vizcaíno (2) [61]
LaTroy Hawkins September 11, 2004 Chicago Cubs Florida Marlins 9th Jeff Conine, Juan Encarnación (2), Álex González [62]
Rick Helling June 20, 2006 Milwaukee Brewers Detroit Tigers 1st Curtis Granderson, Plácido Polanco, Iván Rodríguez [63]
Buddy Carlyledouble-dagger July 6, 2007 Atlanta Braves San Diego Padres 4th Khalil Greene, Russell Branyan, José Cruz, Jr. [64]
Rich Harden June 8, 2008 Oakland Athletics Los Angeles Angels 1st Maicer Izturis, Howie Kendrick, Garret Anderson [65]
Félix Hernándezdouble-dagger June 17, 2008 Seattle Mariners Florida Marlins 4th Jeremy Hermida, Jorge Cantú, Mike Jacobs [66]
A. J. Burnettdouble-dagger June 20, 2009 New York Yankees Florida Marlins 3rd Josh Johnson, Chris Coghlan, Emilio Bonifacio [67]
Ross Ohlendorfdouble-dagger September 5, 2009 Pittsburgh Pirates St. Louis Cardinals 7th Khalil Greene (2), Julio Lugo (2), Jason LaRue [68]
Rafael Sorianodouble-dagger August 23, 2010 Tampa Bay Rays Los Angeles Angels 9th Erick Aybar, Mike Napoli, Peter Bourjos [69]
Jordan Zimmermanndouble-dagger May 6, 2011 Washington Nationals Florida Marlins 2nd Giancarlo Stanton, Greg Dobbs, John Buck [70]
Juan Pérezdouble-dagger July 8, 2011 Philadelphia Phillies Atlanta Braves 10th Jason Heyward, Nate McLouth, Wilkin Ramírez [71]
Clay Buchholzdouble-dagger August 16, 2012 Boston Red Sox Baltimore Orioles 6th Adam Jones, Matt Wieters, Chris Davis [72]
Wade Mileydouble-dagger October 1, 2012 Arizona Diamondbacks Colorado Rockies 3rd Jonathan Herrera, Drew Pomeranz, Josh Rutledge [73]
Iván Novadouble-dagger May 29, 2013 New York Yankees New York Mets 8th Ike Davis, Mike Baxter, Rubén Tejada [74]
Steve Delabardouble-dagger July 30, 2013 Toronto Blue Jays Oakland Athletics 8th Adam Rosales, Coco Crisp, Chris Young [75]
Brad Boxbergerdouble-dagger May 8, 2014 Tampa Bay Rays Baltimore Orioles 6th Steve Pearce, Jonathan Schoop, Caleb Joseph [76]
Cole Hamelsdouble-dagger May 17, 2014 Philadelphia Phillies Cincinnati Reds 3rd Zack Cozart, Brandon Phillips, Todd Frazier [77]
Justin Mastersondouble-dagger June 2, 2014 Cleveland Indians Boston Red Sox 4th Jonny Gomes, Grady Sizemore, Stephen Drew [78]
Garrett Richardsdouble-dagger June 4, 2014 Los Angeles Angels Houston Astros 2nd Jon Singleton, Matt Dominguez, Chris Carter [79]
Rex Brothersdouble-dagger June 14, 2014 Colorado Rockies San Francisco Giants 8th Michael Morse, Brandon Crawford, Gregor Blanco [80]
Brandon McCarthydouble-dagger September 17, 2014 New York Yankees Tampa Bay Rays 7th Wil Myers, Nick Franklin, Matt Joyce [81]
Mike Fiersdouble-dagger May 7, 2015 Milwaukee Brewers Los Angeles Dodgers 4th Enrique Hernández, Carlos Frías, Joc Pederson [82]
Santiago Casilladouble-dagger May 17, 2015 San Francisco Giants Cincinnati Reds 9th Marlon Byrd, Brandon Phillips (2), Jay Bruce [83]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ A player is considered inactive if he has announced his retirement or not played for a full season.

References

General

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Specific

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