List of Phi Kappa Psi chapters and colonies

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File:Greek Swingout 1922 at W&J College.jpg
Party-goers pose in front of the Phi Kappa Psi Fraternity house during the 1922 Greek Swingout weekend, second of the Fall social weekends at Washington & Jefferson College

Phi Kappa Psi, also called "Phi Psi," is an American collegiate social fraternity founded at Jefferson College in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania on February 19, 1852.[1] There are 104 chapters and 4 colonies at accredited four year colleges and universities throughout the United States.[2] More than 112,000 men have been initiated into Phi Kappa Psi since its founding.

The Phi Kappa Psi Fraternity is composed of chapters and alumni associations, the former of which is the scope of this list. Each chapter is chartered to an individual host institution. These host institutions must be accredited four year degree granting colleges and universities in a state, province, territory, or federal district of Canada or the United States. To date, chapter charters have only been granted to groups at U.S. institutions.

When Phi Kappa Psi is extending to an institution that does not currently have a chapter, a probationary group called a "colony" is formed. After criteria are met, that colony receives its charter and becomes a chapter.

A chapter becomes inactive when it relinquishes its charter, or the charter is revoked by the fraternity.

Chapter naming convention

File:Phipsi-snow.jpg
The Phi Psi chapter house at Lafayette College

The chapter naming convention is composed of the top level subnational division of that chapter's host institution, and a Greek letter in alphabetical order from when the charter was originally issued. For example, the first Phi Psi chapter is from Jefferson College in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. The first letter in the Greek alphabet is Alpha. The chapter name is Pennsylvania Alpha. The second chapter was installed at the University of Virginia, so it is the Virginia Alpha chapter. The third chapter was installed at Washington & Lee University, in Virginia, so it is the Virginia Beta chapter. The George Washington University chapter is only one ever chartered in the District of Columbia, so it is the District of Columbia Alpha chapter.

If borders change, the chapter name does not. Virginia Delta was chartered at Bethany College in 1859. After the Civil War, Bethany College was in West Virginia, but the chapter remained Virginia Delta.

Chapters are named based on when the charter is granted, not when it is installed. As a result, there have been rare instances when the chapter naming convention may not appear to be consistent with the charter dates. For example, four charters have been granted in Iowa. The second granted was the fourth installed, so Iowa Beta chartered after Iowa Gamma and Iowa Delta.

List of chapters and colonies

  • Italicization of an entire row indicates an inactive chapter or a colony.
  • The S column indicates the status of a chapter or colony:
  — Active chapter
  — Colony
  — Inactive or suspended chapter
  • The # column indicates in which each chapter originally chartered.
S # Chapter Name Chartered
Host Institution Notes Ref(s)
1 Pennsylvania Alpha 1852–1868,
1873
Washington & Jefferson College Grand Chapter (1852–1856). Founded at Jefferson College, which merged with Washington College (home of Pennsylvania Delta) in 1865 to create Washington & Jefferson College. At that time, Pennsylvania Alpha and Pennsylvania Delta merged, and continued under the name of Pennsylvania Alpha [3][4][5]
2 Virginia Alpha 1853–1861,
1865
University of Virginia Grand Chapter (1856–1861), inactive during the Civil War [6][4][7]
3 Virginia Beta 1855–1861,
1865
Washington and Lee University First fraternity at Washington & Lee, inactive during the Civil War. At chapter's request, a new fraternity, founded at Washington & Lee in 1865, changed its name because of similarities from Phi Kappa Chi to Kappa Alpha Order [3][8][9][10]
4 Pennsylvania Beta 1855 Allegheny College First fraternity at Allegheny. The Pennsylvania Beta chapter of Phi Kappa Psi is the oldest continuously-chartered chapter of any college fraternity in U.S. history. [3][11]
5 Pennsylvania Gamma 1855–1988,
1991
Bucknell University First fraternity at Bucknell, this chapter existed as an alumni chapter from 1873 until 1880 as a response to the university's anti-fraternity legislation [3][12][13]
6 Pennsylvania Delta 1855–1865 Washington College Grand Chapter (1861–1866), merged into Pennsylvania Alpha when their host institutions merged [3][4][5]
7 Virginia Gamma 1855–1861,
1865–1900
Hampden–Sydney College Inactive during the Civil War, reestablished soon after. Charter was withdrawn by the fraternity in 1900 due to declining enrollment and a saturated fraternity system [3][14]
8 Pennsylvania Epsilon 1855-2012 Gettysburg College First fraternity at Gettysburg, which is the site of Miller Hall, 1882, the first chapter house built in the Phi Kappa Psi fraternity and the oldest building in the inter-fraternity world on its original site that is still in use by undergraduates. Grand Chapter (1884–1886) [3][15][16][4]
9 South Carolina Alpha 1857–1861,
1867–1872,
1884–1892,
1972–1991
University of South Carolina Went inactive at the beginning of the Civil War, re-chartered in 1867 and remained active until the university's decision to desegregate in 1872 led to the withdrawal of almost the entire student body. Re-chartered in 1884 and remained active until state politics crippled the university to the point that the student body dramatically decreased in size and the chapter closed in 1892. The 1972 rechartering remained in force until the chapter was no longer viable due to low membership [3][17][18]
10 Mississippi Alpha 1857–1861,
1881–1912,
1930
University of Mississippi University and chapter closed during American Civil War. Re-chartered in 1881, but anti-fraternity legislation closed all fraternities on campus in 1912. Re-chartered in 1930 [3][19][20]
11 Virginia Delta 1859–1882 Bethany College First fraternity at school, which is now in West Virginia. Served as Grand Chapter (1866–1869.) In 1880 because of a faculty refusal to punish a student guilty of a vicious assault on a member of the chapter the members voted to all leave the college [3][21][4][22]
12 Tennessee Alpha 1859–1860 LaGrange Synodical College In 1861 every member of the chapter enlisted in the Confederate Army. In 1863 the college was burned to the ground by the Union Army and never recovered [3][23]
13 Pennsylvania Zeta 1859–2007 Dickinson College Grand Chapter (1869–1875) [3][4]
14 Pennsylvania Eta 1860 Franklin & Marshall College Phi Beta Tau, founded in 1858 in opposition to the perceived arrogance of the two existing fraternities, became a Phi Psi chapter two years later [3][24]
15 Tennessee Beta 1860–1861,
1867–1879
Cumberland University Ceased operating during the Civil War, returned as a viable chapter until the chapter membership became concentrated in the law department, and all but one member withdrew or graduated in 1877 [3][25][26]
16 Mississippi Beta 1860–1861 Mississippi College First fraternity at college, the chapter had been in existence only a few weeks when the Civil War broke out and every member enlisted. Several were killed and the chapter never recovered [27][3][28]
17 Ohio Alpha 1861 Ohio Wesleyan University Grand Chapter (1875–1878), instrumental in the establishment of the New York Alpha chapter at Cornell University [3][4][29]
18 Illinois Alpha 1864–1870,
1878
Northwestern University Only chapter established during the Civil War. Oldest active fraternity at Northwestern. [3][30]
19 Indiana Alpha 1865 DePauw University Instrumental in the establishment of the chapters at Indiana University, University of Missouri and Wabash College [3][31]
20 Kentucky Alpha 1865–1866 Transylvania University Faculty opposition forced the chapter to disband, it is the smallest and shortest lived in Phi Kappa Psi's history [3][32][33]
21 Illinois Beta 1865–1869,
1880–1886,
1894–1970,
1985–1997
University of Chicago Illinois Beta was chartered at a University of Chicago that opened in 1857, but closed in 1886. A new University of Chicago was created in 1890, and Illinois Beta was revived when Phi Kappa Psi chartered there in 1894 [34][3]
22 Ohio Beta 1866–1988,
1991
Wittenberg University Oldest fraternity on campus [35][36]
23 Iowa Alpha 1867–1876,
1885
University of Iowa Grand Chapter award recipient (2002, 2008) [3]
24 District of Columbia Alpha 1868–1899,
1991-2016
George Washington University Grand Chapter (1881–1884), in 1899 the entire active membership enlisted in the Spanish–American War and the charter was recalled. Chapter suspended in 2016 [3][4][37][38]
25 Iowa Gamma 1868–1871 Cornell College First fraternity at the school, disbanded at the request Cornell College's President due to anti-fraternity sentiment [3][39][40]
26 New York Alpha 1869–1877,
1886
Cornell University Chartered in the same year that Cornell began teaching by three Phi Psis who transferred from the Ohio Wesleyan chapter. New York Alpha went inactive in 1877 when Psi Upsilon recruited existing members into their chapter, a practice that is now prohibited by all members of the North-American Interfraternity Conference, of which both fraternities belong. The chapter re-chartered in 1886 from the efforts of six Phi Psis, one from this chapter, two from the Syracuse University chapter, and three from the Hobart College chapter. [3][41]
27 Pennsylvania Theta 1869 Lafayette College Grand Chapter (1878–1881) [3][4]
28 Indiana Beta 1869-2014 Indiana University Delta Psi Theta was a local fraternity that chose to go national, considered three fraternities, and selected Phi Kappa Psi in 1869 [42][43]
29 Missouri Alpha 1869–1876,
1908-2014
University of Missouri First fraternity established on this campus, it occupies a house that is a former plantation [42][44][45]
30 Tennessee Gamma 1870–1875 University of Nashville Chapter closed as result of an outbreak of Asiatic Cholera that caused the institution to close [42][46]
31 Indiana Gamma 1870–1901,
1948
Wabash College Chartered at the initiative of the DePauw University chapter, Indiana Gamma closed in 1901 after enrollment in the college dropped dramatically. A local fraternity, Gamma Phi, was formed in 1947 by Phi Psis with the intention of becoming a Phi Kappa Psi chapter, and succeeded in 1948 [42][47][48]
32 Ohio Gamma 1871–1892 College of Wooster First fraternity at the school, a conflict between the student body and the faculty caused a substantial amount of the student body to withdraw, which made the chapter nonviable [42][49][50]
33 Illinois Gamma 1871–1884 Monmouth College After four years the college ordered its fraternities to disband, but for ten years thereafter the chapter continued sub rosa until pressure from the faculty resulted in the chapter agreeing to disband [42][51]
34 Virginia Epsilon 1871–1879 Randolph–Macon College Founded largely through the efforts of a Phi Kappa Psi alumnus, who was a member of the faculty; after he died, the chapter quickly faded away [42][52]
35 New York Gamma 1872–1876,
1892–1991
Columbia University [42]
36 Wisconsin Alpha 1875–1894,
1897–1939,
University of Wisconsin–Madison Phi Kappa Psi was the third fraternity to establish a chapter at Madison. [42][53]
37 Kansas Alpha 1876 University of Kansas Grand Chapter Award recipient (2004) [42][54]
38 Michigan Alpha 1876–1972,
1983
University of Michigan [42]
39 Wisconsin Beta 1876–1877 Racine College College no longer exists. There was a faculty of 5 and a student body of 50 [42]
40 Pennsylvania Iota 1877–1973,
1978
University of Pennsylvania [42]
41 Maryland Alpha 1879–1969,
1975
Johns Hopkins University [42]
42 Ohio Delta 1880 Ohio State University [42]
43 California Alpha 1881–1892 University of the Pacific First chapter in the fraternity to own and occupy a house in which the members lived. Members transferred to the new Stanford University and became the founders of California Beta. [42]
44 New York Delta 1881–1892 Hobart College The chapter was always small, and with fewer than 100 students in attendance at the college, fraternity prospects were scarce [42]
45 Wisconsin Gamma 1881–1970,
1978
Beloit College [42]
46 Iowa Delta 1882–1889 Simpson College College declined and students scattered [42]
47 Minnesota Alpha 1883–1888 Carleton College Most of the members became the founders of Minnesota Beta [42]
48 New York Beta 1884–1995,
2001
Syracuse University [42]
49 New York Epsilon 1887–1982 Colgate University Formerly named Madison University. In the 1980s the university launched an effort to accommodate women on the formerly all-male campus. The university offered an interest-free loan to the chapter to be used for house repaired in exchange for accepting coed members. The house corporation donated the chapter house to Colgate [42]
50 Minnesota Beta 1888 University of Minnesota [42]
51 Pennsylvania Kappa 1889–1963 Swarthmore College Chapter returned charter in 1963 and became a local fraternity today known as "Phi Psi" [42]
52 West Virginia Alpha 1890–2013 West Virginia University Suspended in 2013 [42][55]
53 California Beta 1891 Stanford University Grand Chapter Award recipient (2001, 2005, 2007, 2010) [42][54]
54 New York Zeta 1891–1912 Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn [42]
55 Nebraska Alpha 1895 University of Nebraska–Lincoln [42]
56 Massachusetts Alpha 1895–1948 Amherst College The chapter charter was revoked by the fraternity Executive Council after the chapter broke its promise to the EC in a matter involving membership selection [42]
57 New Hampshire Alpha 1896–1967 Dartmouth College [42]
58 California Gamma 1899–1972,
1976–1991,
1996–1998,
2010
University of California, Berkeley [42][56]
59 Indiana Delta 1901 Purdue University [42]
60 Tennessee Delta 1901–2009,
2012
Vanderbilt University [42][57][58]
61 Rhode Island Alpha 1902–1978,
1984-2012
Brown University Chapter turned in its charter in 1978 when it decided that it did not want to be part of the national fraternity. It changed its name to "Phi Psi." The local fraternity soon changed its mind, was accepted back as a colony, and re-chartered in 1984 [42]
62 Texas Alpha 1904 University of Texas at Austin Chartered from the last chapter of the regional fraternity Phi Phi Phi (Tri-Phi), which was founded in 1897 [42]
63 Illinois Delta 1904 University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign [42]
64 Ohio Epsilon 1906 Case Western Reserve University [42]
65 Pennsylvania Lambda 1912 Pennsylvania State University [42]
66 Iowa Beta 1913–1999,
2007
Iowa State University [42]
67 Colorado Alpha 1914–1994,
1998
University of Colorado at Boulder [42][59]
68 Washington Alpha 1914 University of Washington [42]
69 Oklahoma Alpha 1920–1996,
1999
University of Oklahoma [42]
70 Oregon Alpha 1928–1999,
2010
University of Oregon Chapter house can be seen in the 1978 movie Animal House. It was used for exterior shots of Omega House [42][60][61]
71 California Delta 1927 University of Southern California [42]
72 Pennsylvania Mu 1927–1934 Carnegie Mellon University [42]
73 California Epsilon 1931–2011, 2015-Present University of California, Los Angeles UCLA's Phi Kappa Psi chapter was suspended for at least four years and declared "null and void" by the national chapter due to unspecified inappropriate actions. [42][62]
74 North Carolina Alpha 1934–2001 Duke University [63][64]
75 Arizona Alpha 1947–1962,
1977–2012
University of Arizona Former Phi Kappa Psi Executive Director Ralph "Dud" Daniel was a founding father in 1947. Charter revoked on January 20, 2012 primarily because of "repeated instances of hazing over a period of time," which remain unproven. [63][65]
76 Oregon Beta 1948 Oregon State University [63]
77 Ohio Zeta 1950–1997,
2009
Bowling Green State University [63]
78 Ohio Eta 1950 University of Toledo The chartering of Ohio Eta initiated the most members at one time in Phi Kappa Psi history, as 150 men were initiated into the fraternity [63]
79 New York Eta 1950–1970,
1984
University at Buffalo The chapter was discontinued after the University dissolved all of Greek Life and came to life again after the University re-instituted Greek Life in 1984 [63]
80 Indiana Epsilon 1953 Valparaiso University Chartered on February 21, 1953 from the local fraternity Phi Delta Psi, which was founded in 1914. When it became Phi Kappa Psi, it was the first local fraternity at Valparaiso University to go national. Grand Chapter Award recipient (2003) [63][66][54]
81 Texas Beta 1953 Texas Tech University Chartered from the Centaur Club, which was founded in 1929. One of the original eight national fraternities at the college [63]
82 Michigan Beta 1954 Michigan State University [63]
83 Connecticut Alpha 1956–1970 Trinity College [63]
84 Missouri Beta 1960–1976 Westminster College [63]
85 Florida Alpha 1962–1969,
1987
Florida State University [63]
86 Arizona Beta 1962–2007 Arizona State University Suspended 2006. Chapter started by two colonizers from Washington Alpha [63]
87 Alabama Alpha 1964 University of Alabama [63]
88 California Zeta 1964–1972,
1982–1995
University of California, Santa Barbara [63]
89 New Jersey Alpha 1965–1993 Rider University The chapter ended as a result of hazing and racial insensitivity by a chapter Fraternity Educators, and the chapter's cover-up. The charter was suspended by emergency order of the national fraternity president and Executive Director [63][67]
90 Nebraska Beta 1965 Creighton University [63]
91 Rhode Island Beta 1966–1988,
1990–2008
University of Rhode Island Expelled from campus in 2008 for four years [63][68]
92 Ohio Theta 1966 Ashland University Grand Chapter Award recipient (2000) [63][54]
93 California Eta 1966 California Polytechnic State University [63]
94 Louisiana Alpha 1966 Louisiana State University [63]
95 Florida Beta 1967–1971,
1977–1991
University of Florida [63]
96 Oklahoma Beta 1967–1991 Oklahoma State University [63]
97 Tennessee Epsilon 1967 University of Tennessee [63]
98 California Theta 1967–1995 California State University, Northridge Cal Theta was CSUN's third fraternity, founded in 1958 as a local fraternity, Kappa Delta Psi, which then affiliated with Phi Kappa Psi in 1967. The damage done to the CSUN campus by the 1994 Northridge earthquake had a dramatic effect on lessening the size of subsequent freshmen classes, and as result, some of the university's fraternities and sororities including Phi Kappa Psi were forced to close [63]
99 New Jersey Beta 1967–1994,
2010
Monmouth University [63][56]
100 Texas Gamma 1969–1993,
2002
Texas State University [63]
101 Louisiana Beta 1969–1991,
2015
University of Louisiana at Lafayette The Louisiana Beta chapter returned to campus as a Colony in 2013. [63]
102 Minnesota Gamma 1969 Minnesota State University, Mankato [63]
103 New Mexico Alpha 1969–2006 Eastern New Mexico University [63]
104 Pennsylvania Nu 1970 Indiana University of Pennsylvania [63]
105 Ohio Iota 1970–1997 University of Akron [63]
106 Tennessee Zeta 1970–1985 University of Memphis [63]
107 Indiana Zeta 1971 Butler University [63]
108 Ohio Kappa 1971–1978 Kent State University The chapter was organized by the fraternity staff and came concurrent with a wave of student protest on the campus culminating with the Kent State shootings [63]
109 Ohio Lambda 1972 Miami University Grand Chapter Award recipient (1992, 1994, 1998) [63][54]
110 Alabama Beta 1974–1988,
2005
Auburn University [63]
111 Montana Alpha 1975–1983 University of Montana [63]
112 Virginia Zeta 1976–2010 Virginia Tech [63]
113 Georgia Alpha 1976 University of Georgia [63]
114 California Iota 1979–1995,
1998–2000,
2006
University of California, Davis [63]
115 Arkansas Alpha 1979–1991 University of Arkansas The chapter was never able to acquire a chapter house through the university. When they lost the property they were using as a chapter house, membership declined to the point that the charter was pulled. [63]
116 Pennsylvania Xi 1984 Edinboro University of Pennsylvania [63]
117 Illinois Epsilon 1985 Illinois State University [63]
118 Delaware Alpha 1985–1990, 2014 University of Delaware [63]
119 Pennsylvania Omicron 1985–1992 Lehigh University [63]
120 Indiana Eta 1987 Indiana State University [63]
121 New Jersey Gamma 1987–1995,
2012
Rutgers–New Brunswick [63][60][58]
122 Pennsylvania Pi 1987–1993 Temple University [63]
123 Kentucky Beta 1988 University of Kentucky [63]
124 Texas Delta 1988–1997 Southern Methodist University [63]
125 Maryland Beta 1988–1996 University of Maryland, Baltimore County [63]
126 New Jersey Delta 1990 The College of New Jersey [63]
127 California Kappa 1991 University of California, Irvine Suspended in October 2016 pending an ongoing investigation into hazing. Had been under investigation since August when pictures showing alleged hazing were brought to the attention of UC Irvine. [69] [70]
128 Massachusetts Beta 1991 Brandeis University [70]
129 North Carolina Beta 1991 East Carolina University [70]
130 New York Theta 1992 Rochester Institute of Technology Grand Chapter Award recipient (2006, 2013) [70][54]
131 Pennsylvania Rho 1992 York College of Pennsylvania [70]
132 Louisiana Gamma 1993 Loyola University New Orleans [70]
133 Illinois Zeta 1993 DePaul University [70]
134 California Lambda 1996 San Diego State University On 6 May 2008, four members of Phi Kappa Psi at San Diego State University were among 96 individuals, including 75 students, arrested as the result of an undercover investigation into drug trafficking on the University's campus after multiple overdose deaths around the campus. The chapter was suspended for 18 months before being fully reinstated on May 1, 2010 [70][71][72]
135 Pennsylvania Sigma 1996 University of the Sciences [70]
136 Illinois Eta 1999 Southern Illinois University Edwardsville [70]
137 New Jersey Epsilon 2000 Rowan University Grand Chapter Award recipient (2012) [70]
138 Georgia Beta 2000 Georgia Institute of Technology [70]
139 Pennsylvania Upsilon 2002 Drexel University [70]
140 Pennsylvania Tau 2002–2003 Penn State Altoona [70]
141 Texas Epsilon 2002 Stephen F. Austin State University [70]
142 Minnesota Delta 2002 University of Minnesota Duluth [70]
143 Illinois Theta 2003 University of Illinois at Chicago [70]
144 Pennsylvania Phi 2004 Lycoming College [70]
145 New York Iota 2004 Binghamton University [70]
146 New York Kappa 2004 State University of New York at Oneonta First chapter to charter at a Grand Arch Council (San Diego 2004) [70][73]
147 Ohio Mu 2005 University of Dayton Grand Chapter Award recipient (2009, 2011) [70][54]
148 Illinois Iota 2007 Northern Illinois University [70]
149 Maryland Gamma 2007 University of Maryland, College Park [70]
150 Texas Zeta 2008 Houston Baptist University [70]
151 Ohio Nu 2008 Ohio University [70]
152 California Mu 2008 Occidental College [70]
153 Indiana Theta 2008 Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis [70]
154 California Nu 2009 University of California, Riverside [74]
155 Ohio Xi 2010 Capital University [56]
156 California Xi 2010 California State University, Long Beach [56]
157 Ohio Omicron 2011 Muskingum University [58]
158 Virginia Eta 2012 Virginia Commonwealth University
159 Indiana Iota 2012 Ball State University [75][76]
160 Alabama Gamma 2015 University of Alabama Huntsville [77][78]

See also

Footnotes

  1. Anson & Marchesani 1991, p. III 83.
  2. Collinsworth 2010, p. 6.
  3. 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20 3.21 3.22 3.23 3.24 Phi Kapppa Psi 2009, p. xv.
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 Van Cleve 1902, pp. 61–85 Chapter describing the Grand Chapter form of government
  5. 5.0 5.1 Van Cleve 1902, p. 168.
  6. Campbell 1952, pp. 12, 223.
  7. Van Cleve 1902, p. 169–171.
  8. Anson & Marchesani 1991, p. II 205.
  9. Van Cleve 1902, pp. 172–173.
  10. Anson & Marchesani 1991, p. III 56.
  11. Van Cleve 1902, p. 174.
  12. Anson & Marchesani 1991, p. II 23.
  13. Van Cleve 1902, p. 176.
  14. Van Cleve 1902, p. 179.
  15. Anson & Marchesani 1991, p. II 71.
  16. Harper 1989, p. 38.
  17. Van Cleve 1902, pp. 182–183.
  18. Jones et al. 2002, p. 164.
  19. Van Cleve 1902, pp. 183–185.
  20. Gorgas 1952, p. 149.
  21. Anson & Marchesani 1991, p. II 17.
  22. Van Cleve 1902, pp. 185–187.
  23. Van Cleve 1902, p. 187.
  24. Van Cleve 1902, pp. 189–190.
  25. Van Cleve 1902, pp. 192–193.
  26. Campbell 1952, pp. 108–109.
  27. Anson & Marchesani 1991, p. II 116.
  28. Van Cleve 1902, p. 191.
  29. Van Cleve 1902, p. 209.
  30. Campbell 1952, p. 98.
  31. Van Cleve 1902, p. 198.
  32. Campbell 1952, p. 104.
  33. Jones et al. 2002, p. 159.
  34. Van Cleve 1902, p. 200.
  35. Phi Kapppa Psi 1997, p. ii.
  36. Anson & Marchesani 1991, p. II 219.
  37. Van Cleve 1902, pp. 207–208.
  38. Jones et al. 2002, p. 146.
  39. Anson & Marchesani 1991, p. II 45.
  40. Van Cleve 1902, pp. 205–206.
  41. Van Cleve 1902, pp. 208–210.
  42. 42.00 42.01 42.02 42.03 42.04 42.05 42.06 42.07 42.08 42.09 42.10 42.11 42.12 42.13 42.14 42.15 42.16 42.17 42.18 42.19 42.20 42.21 42.22 42.23 42.24 42.25 42.26 42.27 42.28 42.29 42.30 42.31 42.32 42.33 42.34 42.35 42.36 42.37 42.38 42.39 42.40 42.41 42.42 42.43 42.44 42.45 Phi Kapppa Psi 2009, p. xvi.
  43. Van Cleve 1902, pp. 211–212.
  44. Anson & Marchesani 1991, p. II 117.
  45. Miller 2009 gives the history of the Missouri Alpha chapter house and the land it occupies.
  46. Van Cleve 1902, pp. 216–218.
  47. Van Cleve 1902, pp. 219–222.
  48. Gorgas 1952, pp. 701–703.
  49. Anson & Marchesani 1991, p. II 220.
  50. Van Cleve 1902, pp. 225–226.
  51. Van Cleve 1902, pp. 222–224.
  52. Van Cleve 1902, pp. 224–225.
  53. Miller 2011a.
  54. 54.0 54.1 54.2 54.3 54.4 54.5 54.6 Phi Kapppa Psi 2010, p. 3.
  55. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  56. 56.0 56.1 56.2 56.3 Reed 2010.
  57. http://www.vanderbilt.edu/greek_life/pkp.php
  58. 58.0 58.1 58.2 Collinsworth 2012, p. 6.
  59. http://www.cuphipsi.com/dynamic/?Action=show_custom_content&pageid=3158
  60. 60.0 60.1 Peart 2010.
  61. ACME Animal House Filming Locations - College as it should have been
  62. http://www.dailybruin.com/index.php/blog/off_the_press/2011/08/phi_kappa_psi_chapter_at_ucla_has_been_suspended_for_at_least_four_years
  63. 63.00 63.01 63.02 63.03 63.04 63.05 63.06 63.07 63.08 63.09 63.10 63.11 63.12 63.13 63.14 63.15 63.16 63.17 63.18 63.19 63.20 63.21 63.22 63.23 63.24 63.25 63.26 63.27 63.28 63.29 63.30 63.31 63.32 63.33 63.34 63.35 63.36 63.37 63.38 63.39 63.40 63.41 63.42 63.43 63.44 63.45 63.46 63.47 63.48 63.49 63.50 63.51 63.52 Phi Kapppa Psi 2009, p. xvii.
  64. http://communityhousing.duke.edu/greek/resources/history
  65. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  66. Strietelmeier 1959, p. 57.
  67. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  68. http://newsblog.projo.com/2009/01/readyuri-phi-ps.html
  69. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  70. 70.00 70.01 70.02 70.03 70.04 70.05 70.06 70.07 70.08 70.09 70.10 70.11 70.12 70.13 70.14 70.15 70.16 70.17 70.18 70.19 70.20 70.21 70.22 70.23 70.24 70.25 70.26 Phi Kapppa Psi 2009, p. xviii.
  71. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  72. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  73. Rakowski 2005, p. 25.
  74. Proie 2009, pp. 22–23.
  75. http://www.webcitation.org/64Oc7cJiE
  76. http://www.webcitation.org/64Oc87fhG
  77. http://www.webcitation.org/64Oc7cJiE
  78. http://www.webcitation.org/64Oc87fhG

References

Books

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Periodicals

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Websites

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  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

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