List of extinct animals of New Zealand
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This is an incomplete list of extinct animals of New Zealand. This list covers only extinctions from the Holocene epoch.
Map of Realm of New Zealand
Contents
Mammals
Bats, and a recently discovered extinct mouse-sized creature, are the only land mammals known to have inhabited New Zealand until the arrival of humans. Fossil marine mammals have been found. New Zealand now has two surviving species of endemic bat.
| Common name | Scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Greater short-tailed bat | Mystacina robusta[1] | 1965 | New Zealand | -- |
Birds
Extinctions since mid-19th-century European settlement
| Common name | Scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Auckland Islands merganser | Mergus australis | 9 January 1902 | New Zealand (Auckland Islands) |  |
| Auckland Islands shore plover | Thinornis rossi | 1840 | New Zealand (Auckland Islands) |  |
| Bush wren | Xenicus longipes | 1972 | New Zealand | Bush wren |
| Chatham bellbird | Anthornis melanocephala | 1906 | New Zealand (Chatham Islands) | Chatham bellbird |
| Chatham fernbird | Bowdleria rufescens | 1895 | New Zealand (Chatham Islands) | Chatham fernbird |
| Chatham Islands penguin | Eudyptes chathamensis | 1872? | New Zealand (Chatham Islands) | -- |
| Chatham Islands rail | Cabalus modestus | 1900 | New Zealand (Chatham Islands) | Chatham Islands rail |
| Dieffenbach's rail | Gallirallus dieffenbachii | 1872 | New Zealand (Chatham Islands) | Dieffenbach's rail |
| Hawkins's rail | Diaphorapteryx hawkinsi | late 19th century | New Zealand (Chatham Islands) | -- |
| Huia | Heteralocha acutirostris | 28 December 1907 | New Zealand |  |
| Laughing owl | Sceloglaux albifacies | 5 July 1914 | New Zealand | Laughing owl |
| Mysterious starling | Aplonis mavornata | 1774 | New Zealand (Cook Islands) | -- |
| New Zealand little bittern | Ixobrychus novaezelandiae | 1872 | New Zealand | New Zealand little bittern |
| New Zealand quail | Coturnix novaezelandidae | 1875 | New Zealand |  |
| North Island piopio | Turnagra tanagra | 1900 | New Zealand (North Island) | North Island piopio (front) |
| North Island snipe | Coenocorypha barrierensis | 1870 | New Zealand (North Island) |  |
| North Island takahē | Porphyrio mantelli | 1894? | New Zealand (North Island) | -- |
| South Island piopio | Turnagra capensis | 1963 | New Zealand (South Island) | South Island piopio (rear) |
| South Island snipe | Coenocorypha iredalei | 1960s | New Zealand (South Island) | -- |
| Stephens Island wren | Xenicus lyalli | 1894 | New Zealand |  |
Extinctions since 14th century Māori settlement
| Common name | Scientific name | Extinction date[citation needed] | Range | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adzebill | Aptornis defossor and Aptornis otidiformis | 16th century | New Zealand | Adzebill |
| Bush moa | Anomalopteryx didiformis | 15th century | New Zealand |  |
| Chatham Islands duck | Pachyanas chathamica | 17th century | New Zealand (Chatham Islands) | -- |
| Chatham raven | Corvus moriorum | Unknown | New Zealand (Chatham Islands) | Chatham raven |
| Coastal moa | Euryapteryx curtus | 16th century | New Zealand | Coastal moa |
| Crested moa | Pachyornis australis | 1850s | New Zealand (South Island) | -- |
| Eastern moa | Emeus crassus | 16th century | New Zealand (South Island) | Eastern moa |
| Eyles' harrier | Circus eylesi | Unknown | New Zealand | -- |
| Finsch's duck | Chenonetta finschi | 1870? | New Zealand | -- |
| Giant moa | Dinornis sp. | 16th century | New Zealand |  |
| Haast's eagle | Harpagornis moorei | 16th century | New Zealand (South Island) |  |
| Heavy-footed moa | Pachyornis elephantopus | 16th century | New Zealand (South Island) | Heavy-footed moa |
| Hodgen's waterhen | Gallinula hodgenorum | 16th century | New Zealand | -- |
| Long-billed wren | Dendroscansor decurvirostris | Unknown | New Zealand (South Island) | -- |
| New Zealand geese | Cnemiornis calcitrans and Cnemiornis gracilis | 16th century | New Zealand |  |
| New Zealand raven | Corvus antipodum | 16th century | New Zealand | -- |
| New Zealand musk duck | Biziura delautouri | 16th century | New Zealand | -- |
| New Zealand owlet-nightjar | Aegotheles novazelandiae | 13th century | New Zealand | -- |
| New Zealand swan | Cygnus atratus sumnerensis | 16th century | New Zealand (South Island and Chatham Islands) | -- |
| Scarlett's duck | Malacorhynchus scarletti | 16th century | New Zealand | -- |
| Scarlett's shearwater | Puffinus spelaeus | 13th century | New Zealand (South Island) | -- |
| Snipe-rail | Capellirallus karamu | 13th century | New Zealand (North Island) | -- |
| Stout-legged wren | Pachyplichas yaldwyni | 11th century | New Zealand | -- |
| Upland moa | Megalapteryx didinus | 16th century | New Zealand (South Island) |  |
| Waitaha penguin | Megadyptes waitaha | 14th century [2] | New Zealand | -- |
Reptiles
- Kawekaweau, Hoplodactylus delcourti[3] 1870, New Zealand
- Narrow-bodied skink, Oligosoma gracilicorpus[4] 1955, New Zealand (North Island)
- Northland skink, Oligosoma northlandi (Late Holocene), New Zealand
Amphibians
- Aurora frog, Leiopelma auroraensis
- Markham's frog, Leiopelma markhami
- Waitomo frog, Leiopelma waitomoensis
Fish
| Common name | Scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| New Zealand grayling | Prototroctes oxyrhynchus[5] | 1930s | New Zealand | New Zealand grayling |
Insects
- Mecodema punctellum[6] 1931, New Zealand (Stephen Islands)
Molluscs
File:Placostylus ambagiosus priscus.JPG
Placostylus ambagiosus priscus
- Placostylus ambagiosus gardneri Land snail, Recent
- Placostylus ambagiosus hinemoa Land snail, Recent
- Placostylus ambagiosus lesleyae Land snail, Recent
- Placostylus ambagiosus priscus Land snail, Recent
- Placostylus ambagiosus spiritus Land snail, Recent
- Placostylus ambagiosus worthyi Land snail, Recent
See also
- List of extinct animals
- List of extinct birds (1500 – present)
- List of extinct plants of New Zealand
- Waipatia maerewhenua (an extinct species of whale from the Oligocene of New Zealand)
- SB mammal
- New Zealand Threat Classification System
Notes
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References
- Bell, B.D. 1994. A review of the status of New Zealand Leiopelma species (Anura: Leiopelmatidae), including a summary of demographic studies in Coromandel and on Maud Island. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, Vol. 21: 341–349.
- Bunce, M., Worthy, T.H., Ford, T., Hoppitt, W., Willerslev, E., Drummond A., and Cooper, A. 2003. Extreme reversed sexual size dimorphism in the extinct New Zealand moa Dinornis. Nature, 425:172–175.
- Cooper, A., Lalueza-Fox, C., Anderson, C., Rambaut, A., Austin, J., and Ward, R. 2001. Complete mitochondrial genome sequences of two extinct moas clarify ratite evolution. Nature 409:704–707.
- Day, D., 1981, The Doomsday Book of Animals, Ebury Press, London.
- Gill, B.; Martinson, P., (1991) New Zealand’s Extinct Birds, Random Century New Zealand Ltd.
- Gill, B. J. 2003. Osteometry and systematics of the extinct New Zealand ravens (Aves: Corvidae: Corvus). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 1: 43–58.
- Flannery, T., and Schouten, P., 2001, A Gap in Nature: Discovering the World's Extinct Animals, William Heinemann, London. ISBN 0-434-00819-2 (UK edition).
- Fuller, E., 2001, Extinct Birds, Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-253-34034-9 (UK Edition).
- Holdaway, Richard N., Worthy, Trevor H. and Tennyson, Alan J. D. 2001. A working list of breeding bird species of the New Zealand region at first human contact, New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 28:119–187.
- Huynen, L., Millar, C.D., Scofield, R.P., and Lambert, D.M. 2003. Nuclear DNA sequences detect species limits in ancient moa. Nature, 425:175–178.
- Perkins, S. 2003. Three Species No Moa? Fossil DNA analysis yields surprise. Science News, 164:84.
- Philip R. Millener & T. H. Worthy (1991). "Contribution to New Zealand's late Quaternary avifauna. II: Dendroscansor decurvirostris, a new genus and species of wren (Aves: Acantisittidae)." Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 21, 2: 179–200.
- Philip R. Millener (1988). "Contributions to New Zealand's late Quaternary avifauna. I: Pachyplichas, a new genus of wren (Aves: Acanthisittidae), with two new species." Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 18:383–406
- Wilson, K-J, (2004) Flight of the Huia, Canterbury University Press, Christchurch. ISBN 0-908812-52-3
- World Conservation Monitoring Centre 1996. Karocolens tuberculatus. In: IUCN 2004. 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 2 March 2006.
- World Conservation Monitoring Centre 1996. Mecodema punctellum. In: IUCN 2004. 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 2 March 2006.
- Worthy, T.H. 1998. The Quaternary fossil avifauna of Southland, South Island, New Zealand. Journal of The Royal Society of New Zealand. Volume 28, Number 4, pp 537–589.
- Worthy, T.H., Holdaway R.N., 2002, The lost world of the Moa: Prehistoric Life of New Zealand, Indiana University Press, Bloomington. ISBN 0-253-34034-9.
- Worthy, T.H., et al. 2006, Miocene mammal reveals a Mesozoic ghost lineage on insular New Zealand, southwest Pacific. 103 PNAS 19419-19423.
External links
Categories:
- Use New Zealand English from December 2014
- All Wikipedia articles written in New Zealand English
- Use dmy dates from September 2010
- Pages with broken file links
- Articles with unsourced statements from March 2014
- Extinct animals of New Zealand
- Lists of biota of New Zealand
- Lists of extinct animals by country
- Lists of extinct animals by region
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