List of federal judges appointed by John Adams

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President John Adams saw most of his appointments undone when the circuit courts to which they were appointed were abolished.
File:CJMarshall.jpg
It is without question that the most significant impact John Adams had on the judiciary was the appointment of Chief Justice John Marshall.
File:William Cranch.jpg
William Cranch was later elevated by Thomas Jefferson to Chief Judge of the District of Columbia Circuit, and was one of the longest-serving federal judges in U.S. history.
File:Senatorelijahpaine.jpg
Elijah Paine was one of two District Court judges appointed by Adams whose service surpassed the forty year mark.

Following is a list of all United States federal judges appointed by President John Adams during his presidency.[1] In total Adams appointed 23 judges, including three Justices to the Supreme Court of the United States (including one Chief Justice), sixteen judges to the United States circuit courts, and four judges to the United States district courts. Fourteen of the sixteen circuit court judges appointed by Adams were to positions created at the end of his tenure in office, in the Judiciary Act of 1801, 2 Stat. 89, which became known as the Midnight Judges Act. All of these offices were abolished by the repeal of this Act on July 1, 1802, by 2 Stat. 132. The remaining two were to judgeships for the District of Columbia, authorized under a different Act of Congress, not the Judiciary Act.

However, Adams made an indelible impact on the judiciary with the appointment of John Marshall as Chief Justice.

United States Supreme Court Justices

Justice Seat State Began active
service		 Ended active
service
John Marshall Chief Justice Virginia January 31, 1801 July 6, 1835
Alfred Moore Seat 5 North Carolina December 10, 1799 January 26, 1804
Bushrod Washington Seat 1 Virginia September 29, 1798[Note 1] November 26, 1829

Also appointed, but declined: John Jay (Chief Justice).

Circuit courts

Judge Circuit Began active
service		 Ended active
service
Richard Bassett Third February 20, 1801 July 1, 1802
Egbert Benson Second February 20, 1801 July 1, 1802
Benjamin Bourne First February 20, 1801 July 1, 1802
Joseph Clay, Jr. Fifth February 24, 1801 July 1, 1802
William Cranch D.C. March 3, 1801 February 24, 1806[Note 2]
William Griffith Third February 20, 1801 July 1, 1802
Samuel Hitchcock Second February 20, 1801 July 1, 1802
Philip Barton Key Fourth February 20, 1801 July 1, 1802
John Lowell First February 20, 1801 May 6, 1802
Charles Magill Fourth March 3, 1801 July 1, 1802
James Markham Marshall D.C. March 3, 1801 November 16, 1803
William McClung Sixth February 24, 1801 July 1, 1802
Jeremiah Smith First February 20, 1801 July 1, 1802
George Keith Taylor Fourth February 20, 1801 July 1, 1802
William Tilghman Third March 3, 1801 March 8, 1802
Oliver Wolcott, Jr. Second February 20, 1801 July 1, 1802

Also appointed, but declined: Thomas Bee (5th circuit), Jared Ingersoll (3rd circuit), Thomas Johnson (D.C. circuit), Charles Lee (4th circuit), and John Sitgreaves (5th circuit).

District courts

Judge Court
[Note 3]		 Began active
service		 Ended active
service
John Davis D. Mass. February 20, 1801 July 10, 1841
John Sloss Hobart D.N.Y. April 12, 1798 February 4, 1805
Elijah Paine D. Vt. March 3, 1801 April 1, 1842
James Winchester D. Md. October 31, 1799[Note 4] April 5, 1806

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 19, 1798, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 20, 1798, and received commission on December 20, 1798.
  2. ↑ Elevated to Chief Judges by Thomas Jefferson on February 24, 1806; thereafter served until September 1, 1855. Because of the unique structure of the United States Circuit Court for the District of Columbia, Thomas Jefferson's elevation of William Cranch to chief judge of the Court is considered a separate appointment.
  3. ↑ See List of United States district and territorial courts
  4. ↑ Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 8, 1799, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 10, 1799, and received commission on December 10, 1799.

References

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  1. ↑ Biographical Directory of Federal Judges, passim.

Sources

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