List of governors of pre-independence Sudan
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File:Egypt sudan under british control.jpg
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (orange), 1912.
This is a list of Egyptian and European colonial administrators (as well as leaders of the Mahdist Sudan) responsible for the territory of the Egyptian Sudan and the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, an area equivalent to modern-day Sudan and South Sudan.
List of Colonial Heads of Sudan
| Tenure | Incumbent | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Egyptian Sudan | ||
| November 1820 to 1821 | Isma'il, Supreme Commander | |
| April 1821 to September 1824 | Muhammad Bey, Supreme Commander | |
| September 1824 to May 1825 | Osman Bey, Supreme Commander | |
| May 1825 to March 1826 | Mahu Bey Orfali, Supreme Commander | |
| March 1826 to June 1838 | Ali Khurshid Pasha, Hakimadar | Governor-General |
| June 1838 to 6 October 1843 | Ahmad Pasha abu Wadan, Hakimadar | Governor-General |
| 6 October 1843 to 1844 | ..., Hakimadar | Governor-General |
| 1844 to 1845 | Ahmad Pasha al-Manikli, Commander | |
| 1845 to 1849 | Khalid Pasha (Husru Abu Amud), Hakimadar | Governor-General |
| 1849 to 1850 | ..., Hakimadar | Governor-General |
| 1850 to January 1851 | Abd al-Latif Pasha, Hakimadar | Governor-General |
| January 1851 to May 1852 | Rustum Pasha Cerkes, Hakimadar | Governor-General |
| May 1852 to 1853 | Ismail Pasha Abu Jabal, Hakimadar | Governor-General |
| 1853 to 1854 | Salim Pasha Sayib, Hakimadar | Governor-General |
| July 1854 to November 1854 | Ali Pasha Sirri Arnavut, Hakimadar | Governor-General |
| November 1854 to 1855 | ..., Hakimadar | Governor-General |
| 1855 to 1857 | Ali Pasha Jarkis, Hakimadar | Governor-General |
| 1857 to 1858 | Arakil Bey al-Armani Mudir'umum, acting Hakimadar | acting Governor-General |
| 1859 to 1861 | Hasan Bey Salamah, Hakimadar | Governor-General |
| 1861 to 1862 | Muhammad Bey Rasileh, Hakimadar | Governor-General |
| 1862 to 1865 | Musa Pasha Hamdi, Hakimadar | Governor-General |
| 1865 to November 1865 | Omar Bey Fahri, acting Hakimadar | acting Governor-General |
| November 1865 to 1866 | Jaafar Pasha Sadiq, Hakimadar | Governor-General |
| 1866 to 5 February 1871 | Jaafar Pasha Mazhar, Hakimadar | Governor-General |
| 5 February 1871 to October 1872 | Ahmad Mumtaz Pasha, Hakimadar | Governor-General |
| October 1872 to 1872 | Edhem Pasha al-Arifi at-Atqalawi, acting Hakimadar | acting Governor-General |
| 1872 to 18 May 1877 | Ismail Pasha Aiyub, Hakimadar | Governor-General |
| May 1877 to December 1879 | Charles George Gordon (Gordon Pasha), Hakimadar | Governor-General, 1st time |
| December 1879 to February 1882 | Mahummad Ra'uf Pasha, Hakimadar | Governor-General |
| February 1882 to May 1882 | Muhammad Nadi Pasha, acting Hakimadar | acting Governor-General |
| May 1882 to March 1883 | Abd al-Qadir Pasha Hailmi, Hakimadar | Governor-General |
| March 1883 to 5 November 1883 | Ala ad-Din, Hakimadar | Governor-General |
| 5 November 1883 to February 1884 | William Hicks (Hicks Pasha), Hakimadar | Governor-General |
| February 1884 to 18 February 1884 | Henry Watts Russell de Coetlogon, acting Hakimadar | acting Governor-General |
| 18 February 1884 to 26 January 1885 | Charles George Gordon (Gordon Pasha), Hakimadar | Governor-General, 2nd time; Killed in the Battle of Khartoum |
| 26 January 1885 to 2 October 1898 | Territory of Egyptian Sudan under complete control of Mahdiyah (Mahdist State) | |
| Mahdist Sudan | ||
| 29 June 1881 to 22 June 1885 | Muhammad Ahmad, Mahdi | Self-proclaimed Mahdi, Islamic Messiah |
| 22 June 1885 to 2 September 1898 | Abdallahi ibn Muhammad, Khalifa | Self-proclaimed Caliph, successor to Muhammad Ahmad; Defeated in the Battle of Omdurman |
| British Military Administration | ||
| 2 September 1898 to 19 January 1899 | Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener, Military Governor | |
| Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (condominium) | ||
| 19 January 1899 to 22 December 1899 | Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener, Governor-General | |
| 22 December 1899 to 31 December 1916 | Sir Francis Reginald Wingate, Governor-General | |
| 1 January 1917 to 20 November 1924 | Sir Lee Oliver Fitzmaurice Stack, Governor-General | Assassinated in Cairo |
| 21 November 1924 to 5 January 1925 | Wasey Sterry, acting Governor-General | |
| 5 January 1925 to 6 July 1926 | Sir Geoffrey Francis Archer, Governor-General | |
| 31 October 1926 to 10 January 1934 | Sir John Loader Maffey, Governor-General | |
| 10 January 1934 to 19 October 1940 | Sir George Stewart Symes, Governor-General | |
| 19 October 1940 to 8 April 1947 | Sir Hubert Jervoise Huddleston, Governor-General | |
| 8 April 1947 to 29 March 1954 | Sir Robert George Howe, Governor-General | |
| 29 March 1954 to 12 December 1955 | Sir Alexander Knox Helm, Governor-General | |
| 1 January 1956 | Independence as Republic of the Sudan | |
For continuation after independence, see: List of heads of state of Sudan
