List of popes

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Plaque commemorating the popes buried in St Peter's (their names in Latin and the year of their burial)

This chronological list of popes corresponds to that given in the Annuario Pontificio under the heading "I Sommi Pontefici Romani" (The Supreme Pontiffs of Rome), excluding those that are explicitly indicated as antipopes. Published every year by the Roman Curia, the Annuario Pontificio attaches no consecutive numbers to the popes, stating that it is impossible to decide which side represented at various times the legitimate succession, in particular regarding Pope Leo VIII, Pope Benedict V and some mid-11th-century popes.[1] The 2001 edition of the Annuario Pontificio introduced "almost 200 corrections to its existing biographies of the popes, from St Peter to John Paul II". The corrections concerned dates, especially in the first two centuries, birthplaces and the family name of one pope.[2]

The term pope (Latin: papa "father") is used in several Churches to denote their high spiritual leaders (for example Coptic Pope). This title in English usage usually refers to the head of the Catholic Church. The Catholic pope uses various titles by tradition, including Summus Pontifex, Pontifex Maximus, and Servus servorum Dei. Each title has been added by unique historical events and unlike other papal prerogatives, is not incapable of modification.[3]

Hermannus Contractus may have been the first historian to number the popes continuously. His list ends in 1049 with Pope Leo IX as number 154. Several changes were made to the list during the 20th century. Antipope Christopher was considered legitimate for a long time. Pope-elect Stephen was considered legitimate under the name Stephen II until the 1961 edition, when his name was erased. Although these changes are no longer controversial, a number of modern lists still include this "first Pope Stephen II". It is probable that this is because they are based on the 1913 edition of the Catholic Encyclopedia, which is in the public domain.

A significant number of these popes have been recognized as saints, including 48 out of the first 50 consecutive popes, and others are in the sainthood process. The first 31 popes, with the exception of Zephyrinus, died as martyrs (see List of murdered popes).

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Chronological list of popes

1st millennium

1st century

Numerical order Pontificate Portrait Name
English · Regnal
Personal name Place of birth Age at election / death or resigned Notes
1 1 April 33
– 29 June 67
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1-St.Peter.jpg St Peter
PETRUS
(1 - 29 June 67)
Šimʻōn Kêpâ
(Simon Peter)
Bethsaida, Galilea, Syria, Roman Empire
Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg
32 / 66 Apostle of Jesus from whom he received the keys of the Kingdom of Heaven, according to Matthew 16:18–19. Executed by crucifixion upside-down; feast day (Feast of Saints Peter and Paul) 29 June, (Chair of Saint Peter) 22 February. He is recognized by the Catholic Church as the first Bishop of Rome appointed by Christ. Also revered as saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 29 June.[4]
2 29 June 67
– 23 September 76
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2-St.Linus.jpg St Linus
Papa LINUS
(10 - 23 September 76)
Linus Volterra, Italia, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 57 / 66 Feast day 23 September. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 7 June.
3 23 September 76
– 26 April 88
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3-St.Cletus.jpg St Anacletus
(Cletus)
Papa ANACLETUS (Cletus)
(25 - 26 April 88)
Anacletus Athens, Greece, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 51 / 63 Martyred; feast day 26 April. Once erroneously split into Cletus and Anacletus.[5]
4 26 April 88
– 23 November 99
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4-St.Clement I.jpg St Clement I
Papa CLEMENS
(35 - 23 November 99)
Clemens Rome, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 53 / 64 Feast day 23 November. Issued 1 Clement which is said to be the basis of apostolic authority for the clergy. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 25 November.
5 23 November 99
– 27 October 105
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5-St.Evaristus.jpg St Evaristus
Papa EVARISTUS
(50 - 27 October 105)
Evaristus Bethlehem, Judea, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 49 / 55 Said to have divided Rome into parishes, assigning a priest to each. Feast day of 26 October.

2nd century

Numerical order Pontificate Portrait Name
English · Regnal
Personal name Place of birth Age at election / death or resigned Notes
6 27 October 107
– 3 May 115
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6-St.Alexander I.jpg St Alexander I
Papa ALEXANDER
(75 - 3 May 115)
Alexander Rome, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 30 / 40 Inaugurated the custom of blessing houses with holy water. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 16 March.
7 3 May 115
– 3 April 125
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7-St.Sixtus I.jpg St Sixtus I
Papa XYSTUS
(42 - 3 April 125)
Xystus Rome, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 73 / 83 Feast day of 6 April. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 10 August.
8 3 April 125
– 5 January 136
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8-St.Telesphrous.jpg St Telesphorus
Papa TELESPHORUS
(67 - 5 January 136)
Telesphorus Terranova da Sibari, Calabria, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 58 / 69 Feast day of 5 January. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 22 February. Church Father St. Irenaeus called him a great martyr.
9 5 January 136
– 11 January 140
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9-St.Hyginus.jpg St Hyginus
Papa HYGINUS
(78 - 11 January 140)
Ygínos Athens, Greece, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 58 / 62 Tradition holds he was martyred; feast day 11 January.
10 11 January 140
– 11 July 155
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10-St.Pius I.jpg St Pius I
Papa PIUS
(81 - 11 July 155)
Pius Aquileia, Friuli, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 59 / 74 Martyred by sword; feast day 11 July. Decreed that Easter should only be celebrated on a Sunday.
11 11 July 155
– 20 April 166
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11-St.Anicetus.jpg St Anicetus
Papa ANICETUS
(92 - 20 April 166)
Anicitus Emesa, Syria, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 63 / 74 Tradition holds he was martyred; feast day 17 April. Decreed that priests are not allowed to have long hair.
12 20 April 166
– 22 April 174
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12-St.Soter.jpg St Soter
Papa SOTERIUS
(120 - 22 April 175)
Soterius Fondi, Latium, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 46 / 55 Tradition holds he was martyred; feast day 22 April. Declared that marriage was valid as a sacrament blessed by a priest; formally inaugurated Easter as an annual festival in Rome.
13 22 April 174
– 26 May 189
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13-St.Eleuterus.jpg St Eleuterus
Papa ELEUTHERIUS
(130 - 26 May 189)
Eleutherius Nicopoli, Epirus, Greece, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 45 / 59 Tradition holds he was martyred; feast day 6 May.
14 26 May 189
– 28 July 199
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14-St.Victor I.jpg St Victor I
Papa VICTOR
(155 - 28 July 199)
Victor Africa, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 34 / 44 Known for excommunicating Theodotus of Byzantium. Quartodecimanism controversy.
15 28 July 199
– 20 December 217
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15-St.Zephyrinus.jpg St Zephyrinus
Papa ZEPHYRINUS
(160 - 20 December 217)
Zephyrinus Rome, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 39 / 57 Combated against the adoptionist heresies of the followers of Theodotus the Byzantium who were ruled by Theodotus, the Money Changer and Asclepiodotus.

Although not physically martyred, he is called a martyr for the suffering he endured.

3rd century

Numerical order Pontificate Portrait Name
English · Regnal
Personal name Place of birth Age at election / death or resigned Notes
16 20 December 217
– 14 October 222
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16-St.Callixtus I.jpg St Callixtus I
Papa CALLISTUS
(155 - 14 October
222)
Callistus Rome, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 62 / 67 Martyred; feast day 14 October.
17 14 October 222
– 23 May 230
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17-St.Urban I.jpg St Urban I
Papa URBANUS
(175 - 23 May 230)
Urbanus Rome, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 47 / 55 Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 25 May.
18 21 August 230
– 28 September 235
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18-St.Pontian.jpg St Pontian
Papa PONTIANUS
(175 - 28 September 235)
Pontianus Rome, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 55 / 60 First to abdicate after exile to Sardinia by Emperor Maximinus Thrax. The Liberian Catalogue records his death on 28 September 235, the earliest exact date in papal history.[6][7]
19 21 December 235
– 3 January 236
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19-St.Anterus.jpg St Anterus
Papa ANTERUS
(180 - 3 January
236)
Anterus Petilia, Bruttii, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 55 / 56 Feast day 3 January. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 5 August.
20 10 January 236
– 20 January 250
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20-St.Fabian.jpg St Fabian
Papa FABIANUS
(200 - 20 January
250)
Fabianus Rome, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 36 / 50 Divided the communities of Rome into seven districts, each supervised by a deacon. Feast day 20 January. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 5 August.
21 6 March 251
– 25 June 253

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21-St.Cornelius.jpg St Cornelius
Papa CORNELIUS
(180 - 25 June 253)
Cornelius Rome, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 71 / 73 Died a martyr through extreme hardship; feast day 16 September.
22 25 June 253
– 5 March 254

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22-St.Lucius I.jpg St Lucius I
Papa LUCIUS
(205 - 5 March 254)
Lucius Rome, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 48 / 49 Feast day 5 March.
23 12 March 254
– 2 August 257
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23-St.Stephen I.jpg St Stephen I
Papa STEPHANUS
(200 - 2 August 257)
Stephanus Rome, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 54 / 57 Martyred by beheading; feast day 2 August. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with the same feast day.
24 30 August 257
– 6 August 258

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24-St.Sixtus II.jpg St Sixtus II
Papa XYSTUS Secundus
(215 - 6 August 258)
Sixtus Athens, Greece, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 42 / 43 Martyred by beheading. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 10 August.
25 22 July 259
– 26 December 268
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25-St.Dionysius.jpg St Dionysius
Papa DIONYSIUS
(200 - 26 December 268)
Dionysius Terranova da Sibari, Bruttii, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 59 / 68 Feast day 26 December.
26 5 January 269
– 30 December 274
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26-St.Felix I.jpg St Felix I
Papa FELIX
(206 - 30 December 274)
Felix Rome, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 63 / 68  
27 4 January 275
– 7 December 283
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27-St.Eutychian.jpg St Eutychian
Papa EUTYCHIANUS
(240 - 7 December 283)
Eutychianus Luni, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 35 / 43  
28 17 December 283
– 22 April 296
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28-St.Caius.jpg St Caius
Papa CAIUS
(245 - 22 April 296)
Gaius Salona, Dalmatia, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 38 / 51 Martyred (according to legend) Feast day 22 April. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 11 August.
29 30 June 296
– 26 April 304
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29-St.Marcellinus.jpg St Marcellinus
Papa MARCELLINUS
(250 - 26 April 304)
Marcellinus Rome, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 46 / 54 Feast day 26 April. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 7 June.

4th century

Numerical order Pontificate Portrait Name
English · Regnal
Personal name Place of birth Age at election / death or resigned Notes
30 27 May 308
–16 January 309
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30-St.Marcellus I.jpg St Marcellus I
Papa MARCELLUS
(255 - 16 January 309)
Marcellus Italia, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 53 / 54 Banished from Rome under Maxentius (309).
31 18 April 309
– 17 August 309
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31-St.Eusebius.jpg St Eusebius
Papa EUSEBIUS
(255 - 26 September 310)
Eusebius Sardinia, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 54 / 54 Banished by the emperor Maxentius, and died in exile.
32 2 July 311
– 10 January 314
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32-St.Miltiades.jpg St Miltiades
(Melchiades)
Papa MILTIADES
(270 - 10 January 314)
Miltiades
(or Melchiades)
Africa, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 41 / 44 First pope after the end of the persecution of Christians through the Edict of Milan (313 AD) issued by Constantine the Great. Presided over the Lateran council of 313.
33 31 January 314
– 31 December 335
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33-St.Sylvester I.jpg St Sylvester I
Papa SILVESTER
(285 - 31 December 335)
Silvester Sant'Angelo a Scala, Avellino, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 29 / 50 Feast day 31 December. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 2 January. First Council of Nicaea (325). Under him was built: the Basilica of St. John Lateran, Santa Croce in Gerusalemme and Old St. Peter's Basilica. Donation of Constantine.
34 18 January 336
– 7 October 336
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(290 - 7 October 336)
34-St.Mark.jpg St Mark
Papa MARCUS
(290 - 7 October 336)
Marcus Rome, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 46 / 46 One of Mark's undertakings was to compile stories of the lives of martyrs and bishops before his time. There is some reason to believe he founded two churches in the area of Rome. One of them is still known to this day as the Church of San Marco, although it is greatly changed since his time. The other church was at the Catacomb of Balbina, a cemetery. Emperor Constantine gave gifts of land and furnishing for both buildings. Feast day 7 October.
35 6 February 337
– 12 April 352
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35-St.Julius I.jpg St Julius I
Papa IULIUS
(280 - 12 April 352)
Iulius Rome, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 57 / 72 Arian controversy. Credited with splitting the birth of Christ into two distinct celebrations: The Epiphany stayed on the traditional date, and the Nativity was added on 25 December.
36 17 May 352
– 24 September 366
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36-Liberius.jpg Liberius
Papa LIBERIUS
(310 - 24 September 366)
Liberius Rome, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 42 / 56 Earliest pope not canonized by the Roman Catholic Church. Revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 27 August.[8]
37 1 October 366
– 11 December 384
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37-St.Damasus I.jpg St Damasus I
Papa DAMASUS
(306 - 11 December 384)
Damasus Egitania, Portugal, Roman Empire Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg 60 / 78 Patron of Jerome, commissioned the Vulgate translation of the Bible. Council of Rome (382).
38 17 December 384
– 26 November 399
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38-St.Siricius.jpg St Siricius
Papa SIRICIUS
(334 - 26 November 399)
Sicirius Rome, Roman Empire Simple Labarum2.svg 50 / 65 His famous letters—the earliest surviving texts of papal decretals—focus particularly on religious discipline and include decisions on baptism, consecration, ordination, penance, and continence. Siricius’ important decretal of 386 (written to Bishop Himerius of Tarragona), commanding celibacy for priests, was the first decree on this subject.[9]
39 27 November 399
– 19 December 401
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39-St.Anastasius I.jpg St Anastasius I
Papa ANASTASIUS
(340 - 19 December 401)
Anastasius Rome, Roman Empire Simple Labarum2.svg 59 / 61 Instructed priests to stand and bow their heads as they read from the Gospels.

5th century

Numerical order Pontificate Portrait Name
English · Regnal
Personal name Place of birth Age at election / death or resigned Notes
40 21 December 401
– 12 March 417
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40-St.Innocent I.jpg St Innocent I
Papa INNOCENTIUS
(360 - 12 March 417)
Innocentius Albano, Latium, Roman Empire Simple Labarum2.svg 41 / 57 Visigoth Sack of Rome (410) under Alaric.
41 18 March 417
– 26 December 418
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41-St.Zosimus.jpg St Zosimus
Papa ZOSIMUS
(370 - 26 December 418)
Zosimas Mesoraca, Calabria, Roman Empire Simple Labarum2.svg 47 / 48  
42 28 December 418
– 4 September 422
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42-St.Boniface I.jpg St Boniface I
Papa BONIFACIUS
(375 - 4 September 422)
Bonifacius Rome, Roman Empire Simple Labarum2.svg 43 / 47  
43 10 September 422
– 27 July 432
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43-St.Celestine I.jpg St Celestine I
Papa COELESTINUS
(380 - 27 July 432)
Coelestinus Campania, Roman Empire Simple Labarum2.svg 42 / 52 Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 8 April.
44 31 July 432
– 18 August 440
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44-St.Sixtus III.jpg St Sixtus III
Papa SIXTUS Tertius
(390 - 18 August 440)
Sixtus Rome, Roman Empire Simple Labarum2.svg 42 / 50  
45 29 September 440
– 10 November 461
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45-St.Leo I.jpg St Leo I
(Leo the Great)
Papa LEO MAGNUS
(390 - 10 November 461)
Leo Tuscany, Roman Empire Simple Labarum2.svg 50 / 71 Convinced Attila the Hun to turn back his invasion of Italy. Wrote the Tome which was instrumental in the Council of Chalcedon and in defining the hypostatic union. Feast day 10 November. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 18 February.
46 19 November 461
– 29 February 468
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46-St.Hilarius.jpg St Hilarius
Papa HILARIUS
(415 - 29 February 468)
Hilarius Sardinia, Western Roman Empire
Simple Labarum2.svg
46 / 53  
47 3 March 468
– 10 March 483
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47-St.Simplicius.jpg St Simplicius
Papa SIMPLICIUS
(430 - 10 March 483)
Simplicius Tivoli, Western Roman Empire Simple Labarum2.svg 38 / 53  
48 13 March 483
– 1 March 492
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48-St.Felix III.jpg St Felix III (Felix II)
Papa FELIX Tertius (Secundus)
(440 - 1 March 492)
Felice Rome, Western Roman Empire Simple Labarum2.svg 43 / 52 Sometimes called Felix II.
49 1 March 492
– 21 November 496
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49-St.Gelasius I.jpg St Gelasius I
Papa GELASIUS
(410 - 21 November 496)
Gelasius Kabylie, Africa, Western Roman Empire Simple Labarum2.svg 82 / 86 The last pope to have been born on the continent of Africa. The first pope called the "Vicar of Christ".[10]
50 24 November 496
– 19 November 498
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50-Anastasius II.jpg Anastasius II
Papa ANASTASIUS Secundus
(445 - 19 November 498)
Anastasius Rome, Western Roman Empire Simple Labarum2.svg 51 / 53 Tried to end the Acacian schism but it resulted in the Laurentian schism.
51 22 November 498
– 19 July 514
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51-St.Symmachus.jpg St Symmachus
Papa SYMMACHUS
(460 - 19 July 514)
Simmaco Sardinia, Western Roman Empire Simple Labarum2.svg 38 / 54  

6th century

Numerical order Pontificate Portrait Name
English · Regnal
Personal name Place of birth Age at election / death or resigned Notes
52 20 July 514
– 6 August 523
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52-St.Hormisdas.jpg St Hormisdas
Papa HORMISDAS
(475 - 6 August 523)
Hormisdas Frosinone, Southern Latium, Western Roman Empire Simple Labarum2.svg 39 / 48 Father of Pope Silverius. Acacian schism.
53 13 August 523
– 18 May 526
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53-St.John I.jpg St John I
Papa IOANNES
(470 - 18 May 526)
Giovanni Siena, Western Roman Empire Simple Labarum2.svg 53 / 56  
54 12 July 526
– 22 September 530
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54-St.Felix IV.jpg St Felix IV
(Felix III)
Papa FELIX Quartus (Tertius)
(490 - 22 September 530)
Felice Samnium, Western Roman Empire Simple Labarum2.svg 36 / 40 Sometimes called Felix III. Built Santi Cosma e Damiano.
55 22 September 530
– 17 October 532
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55-Boniface II.jpg Boniface II
Papa BONIFATIUS Secundus
(490 - 17 October 532)
Bonifacio Rome to Ostrogoth parents, Western Roman Empire Simple Labarum2.svg 40 / 42 Changed the numbering of the years in the Julian Calendar from Ab Urbe Condita to Anno Domini.
56 2 January 533
– 8 May 535
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56-John II.jpg John II
Papa IOANNES Secundus
(470 - 8 May 535)
Mercurio Rome, Western Roman Empire Simple Labarum2.svg 63 / 65 First pope not to use his personal name. This was because of the Roman god, Mercury.
57 13 May 535
– 22 April 536
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57-St.Agapetus I.jpg St Agapetus I
Papa AGAPITUS
(490 - 22 April 536)
Agapito Rome, Ostrogothic Kingdom
Flag of the Greek Orthodox Church.svg
45 / 46 Feast days 22 April and 20 September. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 17 April.
58 8 June 536
– 11 March 537
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58-St.Silverius.jpg St Silverius
Papa SILVERIUS
(500 - 2 December 537)
Silverius Ceccano, Ostrogothic Kingdom Flag of the Greek Orthodox Church.svg 36 / 37 Exiled; feast day 20 June, son of Pope Hormisdas.
59 29 March 537
– 7 June 555
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59-Vigilius.jpg Vigilius
Papa VIGILIUS
(500 - 7 June 555)
Vigilius Rome, Ostrogothic Kingdom Flag of the Greek Orthodox Church.svg 37 / 55  
60 16 April 556
– 4 March 561
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60-Pelagius I.jpg Pelagius I
Papa PELAGIUS
(505 - 4 March 561)
Pelagius Rome, Ostrogothic Kingdom Flag of the Greek Orthodox Church.svg 51 / 56 Credited with the construction of the basilica of Santi Apostoli.
61 17 July 561
– 13 July 574
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61-John III.jpg John III
Papa IOANNES Tertius
(520 - 13 July 574)
Catelinus Rome, Ostrogothic Kingdom Flag of the Greek Orthodox Church.svg 41 / 54  
62 2 June 575
– 30 July 579
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62-Benedict I.jpg Benedict I
Papa BENEDICTUS
(525 - 30 July 579)
Benedictus Rome, Ostrogothic Kingdom Flag of the Greek Orthodox Church.svg 50 / 54  
63 26 November 579
– 7 February 590
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63-Pelagius II.jpg Pelagius II
Papa PELAGIUS Secundus
(520 - 7 February 590)
Pelagius Rome, Ostrogothic Kingdom Flag of the Greek Orthodox Church.svg 59 / 70 Ordered the construction of the Basilica di San Lorenzo fuori le Mura.
64 3 September 590
– 12 March 604
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64-St.Gregory I.jpg St Gregory I
(Gregory the Great)
Papa GREGORIUS MAGNUS
(540 - 12 March 604)
Gregorio
O.S.B.
Rome, Byzantine Empire
Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg
50 / 64 The first formally to employ the titles Servus servorum Dei and Pontifex Maximus. Established the Gregorian chant. Feast day 3 September. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 12 March. Known as "the Father of Christian Worship". Known as "St. Gregory the Dialogist" in Eastern Orthodoxy.

7th century

Numerical order Pontificate Portrait Name
English · Regnal
Personal name Place of birth Age at election / death or resigned Notes
65 13 September 604
– 22 February 606
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65-Sabinian.jpg Sabinian
Papa SABINIANUS
(530 - 22 February 606)
Sabinianus Blera, Viterbo, Byzantine Empire Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg 74 / 76  
66 19 February 607
– 12 November 607
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66-Boniface III.jpg Boniface III
Papa BONIFATIUS Tertius
(540 - 12 November 607)
Bonifacio Rome, Byzantine Empire Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg 67 / 67  
67 15 September 608
– 8 May 615
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67-St.Boniface IV.jpg St Boniface IV
Papa BONIFATIUS Quartus
(560 - 8 May 615)
Bonifacio
O.S.B.
Marsica, Byzantine Empire Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg 48 / 55 First pope to bear the same name as his immediate predecessor. Member of the Order of Saint Benedict.
68 13 November 615
– 8 November 618
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68-St.Adeodatus I.jpg St Adeodatus I
(Deusdedit)
Papa ADEODATUS sive DEUSDEDIT
(570 - 8 November 618)
Adeodatus
(or Deusdedit)
Rome, Byzantine Empire Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg 45 / 48 Sometimes called Deusdedit, as a result Pope Adeodatus II is sometimes called Pope Adeodatus without a number. The first pope to use lead seals on papal documents, which in time came to be called Papal bulls.
69 23 December 619
– 25 October 625
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69-Boniface V.jpg Boniface V
Papa BONIFATIUS Quintus
(575 - 25 October 625)
Bonifacio Naples, Byzantine Empire Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg 44 / 50  
70 27 October 625
– 12 October 638
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
70-Honorius I.jpg Honorius I
Papa HONORIUS
(585 - 12 October 638)
Onorio Campania, Byzantine Empire Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg 40 / 53 Named a heretic and anathematized by the Third Council of Constantinople. (680)
71 30 October 638
– 28 May 640
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71-Severinus.jpg Severinus
Papa SEVERINUS
(585 - 2 August 640)
Severino Rome, Byzantine Empire Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg 53 / 55  
72 24 December 640
– 12 October 642
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
72-John IV.jpg John IV
Papa IOANNES Quartus
(600 - 12 October 642)
Giovanni Zadar, Dalmatia, Byzantine Empire Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg 40 / 42
73 24 November 642
– 14 May 649
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
73-Theodore I.jpg Theodore I
Papa THEODORUS
(610 - 14 May 649)
Theodoro Jerusalem, Byzantine Empire Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg 32 / 39 The last pope from Palestine. Planned the Lateran Council of 649, but died before it could open.
74 5 July 649
– 12 November 655
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
74-St.Martin I.jpg St Martin I
Papa MARTINUS
(590 - 12 November 655)
Martino Near Todi, Umbria, Byzantine Empire Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg 59 / 65 Last pope recognized as a martyr. Feast day of 12 November. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 14 April.
75 10 August 654
– 2 June 657
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75-St.Eugene I.jpg St Eugene I
Papa EUGENIUS
(615 - 2 June 657)
Eugenio Rome, Duchy of Rome
(formally Byzantine Empire)
Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg
39 / 42  
76 30 July 657
– 27 January 672
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
76-St.Vitalian.jpg St Vitalian
Papa VITALIANUS
(600 - 27 January 672)
Vitaliano Segni, Duchy of Rome
(formally Byzantine Empire)
Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg
57 / 72  
77 11 April 672
– 17 June 676
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
77-Adeodatus II.jpg Adeodatus II
Papa ADEODATUS Secundus
(621 - 17 June 672)
Adeodatus
O.S.B.
Rome, Duchy of Rome
(formally Byzantine Empire)
Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg
51 / 55 Sometimes called Pope Adeodatus (without a number) in reference to Pope Adeodatus I sometimes being called Pope Deusdedit. Member of the Order of Saint Benedict.
78 2 November 676
– 11 April 678
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78-Donus.jpg Donus
Papa DONUS
(610 - 11 April 678)
Dono Rome, Duchy of Rome
(formally Byzantine Empire)
Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg
66 / 68  
79 27 June 678
– 10 January 681
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
79-St.Agatho.jpg St Agatho
Papa AGATHO
(577 - 10 January 681)
Agatho Palermo, Byzantine Empire Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg 101 / 104 Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 20 February.
80 17 August 682
– 3 July 683
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80-St.Leo II.jpg St Leo II
Papa LEO Secundus
(611 - 3 July 683)
Leone Aidone, Byzantine Empire Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg 71 / 72 Feast day 3 July.
81 26 June 684
– 8 May 685
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
81-St.Benedict II.jpg St Benedict II
Papa BENEDICTUS Secundus
(635 - 8 May 685)
Benedetto Rome, Duchy of Rome
(formally Byzantine Empire)
Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg
49 / 50 Feast day 7 May.
82 12 August 685
– 2 August 686
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
82-John V.jpg John V
Papa IOANNES Quintus
(635 - 2 August 686)
Giovanni Syria, Byzantine Empire Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg 50 / 51  
83 21 October 686
– 21 September 687
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
83-Conon.jpg Conon
Papa CONON
(630 - 21 September 687)
Conon Thrace, Byzantine Empire Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg 56 / 57  
84 15 December 687
– 8 September 701
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
84-St.Sergius I.jpg St Sergius I
Papa SERGIUS
(650 - 8 September 701)
Sergorio Palermo, Byzantine Empire Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg 37 / 51 Introduced the singing of the Lamb of God at mass.[10]

8th century

Numerical order Pontificate Portrait Name
English · Regnal
Personal name Place of birth Age at election / death or resigned Notes
85 30 October 701
– 11 January 705
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
85-John VI.jpg John VI
Papa IOANNES Sextus
(655 - 11 January 705)
Giovanni Ephesus, Anatolia, Asia Minor, Byzantine Empire Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg 46 / 50  
86 1 March 705
– 18 October 707
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
86-John VII.jpg John VII
Papa IOANNES Septimus
(650 - 18 October 707)
Giovanni Rossano, Calabria, Byzantine Empire Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg 55 / 57 The second pope to bear the same name as his immediate predecessor.
87 15 January 708
– 4 February 708
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
87-Sisinnius.jpg Sisinnius
Papa SISINNIUS
(650 - 4 February 708)
Sisinius Syria, Rashidun Caliphate
Flag of Afghanistan (1880–1901).svg
58 / 58  
88 25 March 708
– 9 April 715
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
88-Constantine.jpg Constantine
Papa COSTANTINUS sive CONSTANTINUS
(664 - 9 April 715)
Constantinus Syria, Umayyad Caliphate
Umayyad Flag.svg
44 / 51 Last pope to visit Greece while in office, until John Paul II in 2001.
89 19 May 715
– 11 February 731
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89-St.Gregory II.jpg St Gregory II
Papa GREGORIUS Secundus
(669 - 11 February 731)
Gregorio Rome, Duchy of Rome
(formally Byzantine Empire)
Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg
46 / 62 Feast day 11 February. Held the Synod of Rome (721).
90 18 March 731
– 28 November 741
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90-St.Gregory III.jpg St Gregory III
Papa GREGORIUS Tertius
(690 - 28 November 741)
Gregorio Syria, Umayyad Caliphate
Umayyad Flag.svg
41 / 51 The third pope to bear the same name as his immediate predecessor. Was previously the last pope to have been born outside Europe until the election of Francis in 2013.
91 3 December 741
– 22 March 752
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91-St.Zachary.jpg St Zachary
Papa ZACHARIAS
(679 - 15 March 752)
Zacharias Santa Severina, Calabria, Byzantine Empire Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg 62 / 73 Feast day 15 March. Built the church of Santa Maria sopra Minerva.
(never con-
secrated)
22 March 752
– 25 March 752
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(Never took office as pope)
Cristobal antipapa.jpg Pope-elect Stephen
(Stephen II)
Papa Electus STEPHANUS
(STEPHANUS Secundus)

(700 - 25 March 752)
Stephano Rome, Duchy of Rome
(formally Byzantine Empire)
Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg
52 / 52 Sometimes known as Stephen II. Died three days after his election; never receiving episcopal consecration. Some lists still include him. The Vatican sanctioned his addition in the sixteenth century; removed in 1961. He is no longer considered a pope by the Catholic Church.
92 26 March 752
– 26 April 757
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92-Stephen II.jpg Stephen II
(Stephen III)
Papa STEPHANUS Secundus (Tertius)
(714 - 26 April 757)
Stephano Rome, Duchy of Rome
(formally Byzantine Empire)
Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg
38 / 43 Sometimes called Stephen III. The Donation of Pepin. Brother of Paul I.
93 29 May 757
– 28 June 767
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93-St.Paul I.jpg St Paul I
Papa PAULUS
(700 - 28 June 767)
Paolo Rome, Duchy of Rome
(formally Byzantine Empire)
Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg
57 / 67 Brother of Stephen II.
94 7 August 768
– 24 January 772
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94-Stephen III.jpg Stephen III
(Stephen IV)
Papa STEPHANUS Tertius (Quartus)
(723 - 24 January 772)
Stefano Syracuse, Duchy of Rome
(formally Byzantine Empire)
Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg
45 / 49 Sometimes called Stephen IV. The Lateran Council (769).
95 1 February 772
– 26 December 795
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95-Adrian I.jpg Adrian I
Papa HADRIANUS
(712 - 25 December 795)
Adriano Rome, Duchy of Rome
(formally Byzantine Empire)
Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg
60 / 83  
96 26 December 795
– 12 June 816
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96-St.Leo III.jpg St Leo III
Papa LEO Tertius
(750 - 12 June 816)
Leone Rome, Papal States
Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg
45 / 66 Crowned Charlemagne Imperator Augustus on Christmas Day, 800, thereby initiating what would become the office of Holy Roman Emperor requiring the imprimatur of the pope for its legitimacy.

9th century

Numerical order Pontificate Portrait Name
English · Regnal
Personal name Place of birth Age at election / death or resigned Notes
97 22 June 816
– 24 January 817
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97-Stephen IV.jpg Stephen IV
(Stephen V)
Papa STEPHANUS Quartus (Quintus)
(770 - 24 January 817)
Stefano Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 46 / 47 Sometimes called Stephen V.
98 25 January 817
– 11 February 824
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98-St.Paschal I.jpg St Paschal I
Papa PASCHALIS
(775 - 11 February 824)
Pasquale Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 42 / 49 Credited with finding the body of Saint Cecilia in the Catacomb of Callixtus, building the basilica of Santa Cecilia in Trastevere and the church of Santa Maria in Domnica.
99 8 May 824
– 27 August 827
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99-Eugene II.jpg Eugene II
Papa EUGENIUS Secundus
(780 - 27 August 827)
Eugenio Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 44 / 47  
100 31 August 827
– 10 October 827
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
100-Valentine.jpg Valentine
Papa VALENTINUS
(780 - 10 October 827)
Valentino Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 47 / 47  
101 20 December 827
– 25 January 844
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
101-Gregory IV.jpg Gregory IV
Papa GREGORIUS Quartus
(790 - 25 January 844)
Gregorio Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 37 / 54 Rebuilt the atrium of St. Peter’s Basilica and in the newly decorated chapel transferred the body of Gregory I.
102 25 January 844
– 27 January 847
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
102-Sergius II.jpg Sergius II
Papa SERGIUS Secundus
(790 - 27 January 847)
Sergorio Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 54 / 57  
103 10 April 847
– 17 July 855
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
103-St.Leo IV.jpg St Leo IV
Papa LEO Quartus
(790 - 17 July 855)
Leo
O.S.B.
Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 57 / 65 Member of the Order of Saint Benedict.
104 29 September 855
– 7 April 858
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
104-Benedict III.jpg Benedict III
Papa BENEDICTUS Tertius
(810 - 7 April 858)
Benedetto Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 45 / 48  
105 24 April 858
– 13 November 867
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
105-St.Nicholas I.jpg St Nicholas I
(Nicholas the Great)
Papa NICOLAUS MAGNUS
(819 - 13 November 867)
Niccolò Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 39 / 48 Encouraged missionary activity.
106 14 December 867
– 14 December 872
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
106-Adrian II.jpg Adrian II
Papa HADRIANUS Secundus
(792 - 14 December 872)
Adriano Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 75 / 80  
107 14 December 872
– 16 December 882
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
107-John VIII.jpg John VIII
Papa IOANNES Octavus
(820 - 16 December 882)
Giovanni Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 52 / 62  
108 16 December 882
– 15 May 884
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
108-Marinus I.jpg Marinus I
Papa MARINUS
(830 - 15 May 884)
Marino Gallese, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 52 / 54 Sometimes also known as and called "Martin II."
109 17 May 884
– 15 September 885
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
109-St.Adrian III.jpg St Adrian III
Papa HADRIANUS Tertius
(835 - 15 September 885)
Adriano Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 49 / 50  
110 14 September 885
– 4 September 891
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
110-Stephen V.jpg Stephen V
(Stephen VI)
Papa STEPHANUS Quintus (Sextus)
(840 - 4 September 891)
Stefano Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 45 / 51 Sometimes called Stephen VI.
111 6 October 891
– 4 April 896
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
111-Formosus.jpg Formosus
Papa FORMOSUS
(816 - 4 April 896)
Formoso Ostia, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 75 / 80 Posthumously ritually executed following the Cadaver Synod.
112 11 April 896
– 26 April 896
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
112-Boniface VI.jpg Boniface VI
Papa BONIFATIUS Sextus
(13 December 805 - 26 April 896)
Bonifacio Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 90 / 90  
113 22 May 896
– 14 August 897
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
113-Stephen VI.jpg Stephen VI
(Stephen VII)
Papa STEPHANUS Sextus (Septimus)
(850 - 14 August 897)
Stefano Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 46 / 47 Sometimes called Stephen VII. Held the infamous Cadaver Synod.
114 14 August 897
– November 897
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
114-Romanus.jpg Romanus
Papa ROMANUS
(850 - November 897)
Romano Gallese, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 47 / 47  
115 December 897
- 20 December 897
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
115-Theodore II.jpg Theodore II
Papa THEODORUS Secundus
(840 - 20 December 897)
Theodoro Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 57 / 57  
116 18 January 898
– 5 January 900
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
116-John IX.jpg John IX
Papa IOANNES Nonus
(840 - 5 January 900)
Giovanni
O.S.B.
Tivoli, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 58 / 60 Member of the Order of Saint Benedict.

10th century

Numerical order Pontificate Portrait Name
English · Regnal
Personal name Place of birth Age at election / death or resigned Notes
117 1 February 900
– 30 July 903
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117-Benedict IV.jpg Benedict IV
Papa BENEDICTUS Quartus
(840 - 30 July 903)
Benedetto Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 60 / 63  
118 30 July 903
– December 903
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118-Leo V.jpg Leo V
Papa LEO Quintus
(845 - 29 January 904)
Leone Ardea, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 58 / 58  
119 29 January 904
– 14 April 911
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
119-Sergius III.jpg Sergius III
Papa SERGIUS Tertius
(860 - 4 April 911)
Sergorio Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 44 / 51 "Saeculum obscurum" begins. The first pope to be depicted with the Papal Tiara.
120 14 April 911
– June 913
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
120-Anastaius III.jpg Anastasius III
Papa ANASTASIUS Tertius
(865 - June 913)
Anastasio Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 46 / 48  
121 7 July 913
– 25 February 914
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
121-Lando.jpg Lando
Papa LANDUS
(865 - 25 February
914)
Lando Sabina, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 48 / 49  
122 March 914
– 28 May 928
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
122-John X.jpg John X
Papa IOANNES Decimus
(860 - 28 May 928)
Giovanni Tossignano, Duchy of Rome Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg 54 / 68  
123 28 May 928
– December 928
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
123-Leo VI.jpg Leo VI
Papa LEO Sextus
(880 - 3 February 929)
Leone Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 48 / 48  
124 3 February 929
– 13 February 931
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
124-Stephen VII.jpg Stephen VII
(Stephen VIII)
Papa STEPHANUS Septimus (Octavus)
(880 - 15 March 931)
Stefano Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 49 / 51 Sometimes called Stephen VIII.
125 15 March 931
– December 935
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
125-John XI.jpg John XI
Papa IOANNES Undecimus
(910 - December 935)
Giovanni Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 21 / 25  
126 3 January 936
– 13 July 939
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
126-Leo VII.jpg Leo VII
Papa LEO Septimus
(895 - 13 July 939)
Leone
O.S.B.
Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 41 / 44 Member of the Order of Saint Benedict.
127 14 July 939
– 30 October 942
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
127-Stephen VIII.jpg Stephen VIII
(Stephen IX)
Papa STEPHANUS Octavus (Nonus)
(900 - 30 October
942)
Stefano Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 39 / 42 Sometimes called Stephen IX.
128 30 October 942
– 1 May 946
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
128-Marinus II.jpg Marinus II
Papa MARINUS Secundus
(900 - 1 May 946)
Marino Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 42 / 46  
129 10 May 946
– 8 November 955
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
129-Agapetus II.jpg Agapetus II
Papa AGAPITUS Secundus
(905 - 8 November
955)
Agapito Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 41 / 50  
130 16 December 955
– 6 December 963
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
130-John XII.jpg John XII
Papa IOANNES Duodecimus
(937 - 14 May 964)
Ottaviano dei Conti di Tuscolo Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 18 / 26 Deposed in 963 by Emperor Otto invalidly; end of the "Saeculum obscurum".
- 6 December 963
– 26 February 964
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132-Leo VIII.jpg Antipope Leo VIII
Antipapa LEO Octavus
(915 - 1 March 965)
Leone Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 48 / 49 Appointed antipope by Emperor Otto in 963 in opposition to John XII and Benedict V. He became the true pope after Benedict V was deposed.
130 26 February 964
– 14 May 964
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
130-John XII.jpg John XII
Papa IOANNES Duodecimus
(937 - 14 May 964)
Ottaviano dei Conti di Tuscolo Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 27 / 27 Murdered in 964.
131 22 May 964
– 23 June 964
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
131-Benedict V.jpg Benedict V
Papa BENEDICTUS Quintus
(915 - 4 July 965)
Benedictto Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 49 / 49 Elected by the people of Rome, in opposition to the Antipope Leo VIII who was appointed by Emperor Otto; he accepted his own deposition in 964 leaving Leo VIII as the sole pope.
132 23 June 964
– 1 March 965
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132-Leo VIII.jpg Leo VIII
Papa LEO Octavus
(915 - 1 March 965)
Leone Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 49 / 50 Became the true pope after Benedict V was deposed.
133 1 October 965
– 6 September 972
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
133-John XIII.jpg John XIII
Papa IOANNES Tertius Decimus
(920 - 6 September 972)
Giovanni dei Crescenzi Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 45 / 52 Chronicled after his death as "the Good".
134 19 January 973
– 8 June 974
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
134-Benedict VI.jpg Benedict VI
Papa BENEDICTUS Sextus
(925 - 8 June 974)
Benedictto Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 48 / 49 Deposed and murdered.
135 October 974
– 10 July 983
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
135-Benedict VII.jpg Benedict VII
Papa BENEDICTUS Septimus
(930 - 10 July 983)
Benedictto Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 44 / 53  
136 December 983
– 20 August 984
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
136-John XIV.jpg John XIV
Papa IOANNES Quartus Decimus
(940 - 20 August 984)
Pietro Canepanova Pavia, Duchy of Rome Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg 43 / 44 First Pope since John II not to use his personal name.
137 20 August 985
– 1 April 996
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
137-John XV.jpg John XV
Papa IOANNES Quintus Decimus
(950 - 1 April 996)
Giovanni di Gallina Alba Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 35 / 46 The first pope to formally canonize a saint.
138 3 May 996
– 18 February 999
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138-Gregory V.jpg Gregory V
Papa GREGORIUS Quintus
(972 - 18 February 999)
Bruno von Kärnten
(Bruno of Carinthia)
Duchy of Saxony Coat of arms of Lower Saxony.svg, Holy Roman Empire 24 / 27 First German Pope.
139 2 April 999
– 12 May 1003
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139-Sylvester II.jpg Sylvester II
Papa SILVESTER Secundus
(946 - 12 May 1003)
Gerbert d'Aurillac Belliac, Auvergne, France
Blason de l'Auvergne.svg
53 / 57 The first French pope.

2nd millennium

11th century

Numerical order Pontificate Portrait Name
English · Regnal
Personal name Place of birth Age at election / death or resigned Notes
140 16 May 1003
– 6 November 1003
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140-John XVII.jpg John XVII
Papa IOANNES Septimus Decimus
(955 - 6 November 1003)
Siccone Secchi Rome, Duchy of Rome Flag of Palaeologus Emperor.svg 48 / 48  
141 25 December 1003
– 18 July 1009
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141-John XVIII.jpg John XVIII
Papa IOANNES Duodevicesimus
(960 - 18 July 1009)
Giovanni Fasano Rapagnano, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 43 / 49  
142 31 July 1009
– 12 May 1012
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142-Sergius IV.jpg Sergius IV
Papa SERGIUS Quartus
(965 - 12 May 1012)
Pietro Boccadiporco, O.S.B. Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 44 / 47  
143 18 May 1012
– 9 April 1024
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143-Benedict VIII.jpg Benedict VIII
Papa BENEDICTUS Octavus
(980 - 9 April 1024)
Teofilatto dei Conti di Tuscolo Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 32 / 44  
144 14 May 1024
– 6 October 1032
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144-John XIX.jpg John XIX
Papa IOANNES Undevicesimus
(975 - 6 October 1032)
Romano dei Conti di Tuscolo Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 49 / 57  
145 21 October 1032
– 31 December 1044
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145、147、150-Benedict IX.jpg Benedict IX
Papa BENEDICTUS Nonus
(1012 - 18 September 1056)
Teofilatto dei Conti di Tuscolo Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 20 / 32 1st Term.
146 13 January 1045
– 10 March 1045
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146-Sylvester III.jpg Sylvester III
Papa SILVESTER Tertius
(1000 - October 1063)
Giovanni dei Crescenzi Ottaviani Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 45 / 45 Validity of election questioned; considered Anti-Pope; deposed at the Council of Sutri.
147 10 March 1045
– 1 May 1045
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145、147、150-Benedict IX.jpg Benedict IX
Papa BENEDICTUS Nonus
(1012 - 18 September 1056)
Teofilatto dei Conti di Tuscolo Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 33 / 33 2nd Term; deposed at the Council of Sutri.
148 5 May 1045
– 20 December 1046
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148-Gregory VI (2).jpg Gregory VI
Papa GREGORIUS Sextus
(1000 - 20 December 1046)
Giovanni Graziano Pierleoni Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 45 / 46 Deposed at the Council of Sutri.
149 24 December 1046
– 9 October 1047
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149-Clement II.jpg Clement II
Papa CLEMENS Secundus
(1005 - 9 October 1047)
Suidger von Morsleben-Hornburg Hornburg, Duchy of Saxony Coat of arms of Lower Saxony.svg, Holy Roman Empire 41 / 42 Appointed by Henry III at the Council of Sutri; crowned Henry III as Holy Roman Emperor.
150 8 November 1047
– 17 July 1048
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145、147、150-Benedict IX.jpg Benedict IX
Papa BENEDICTUS Nonus
(1012 - 18 September 1056)
Teofilatto dei Conti di Tuscolo Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 35 / 36 3rd Term; deposed and excommunicated.
151 17 July 1048
– 9 August 1048
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151-Damasus II.jpg Damasus II
Papa DAMASUS Secundus
(1000 - 9 August 1048)
Poppo Pildenau, Duchy of Bavaria Armoiries Bavière.svg, Holy Roman Empire 48 / 48  
152 12 February 1049
– 19 April 1054
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152-St.Leo IX.jpg St Leo IX
Papa LEO Nonus
(21 June 1002 - 28 July 1054)
Bruno von Count of Dagsbourg Eguisheim, Alsace, Duchy of Swabia Hohenstaufen family arms.svg, Holy Roman Empire 47 / 51 In 1054, mutual excommunications of Leo IX and Patriarch of Constantinople Michael I Cerularius began the East–West Schism. The anathematizations were rescinded by Pope Paul VI and Patriarch Athenagoras in 1965.[11]
153 13 April 1055
– 28 July 1057
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153-Victor II.jpg Victor II
Papa VICTOR Secundus
(1018 - 28 July 1057)
Gebhard II von Calw-Dollnstein-Hirschberg Duchy of Swabia Hohenstaufen family arms.svg, Holy Roman Empire 37 / 39  
154 2 August 1057
– 29 March 1058
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154-Stephen IX.jpg Stephen IX
(Stephen X)
Papa STEPHANUS Nonus (Decimus)
(1020 - 29 March 1058)
Frédéric de Lorraine, O.S.B. Duchy of Lorraine Blason Lorraine.svg, Holy Roman Empire 37 / 38 Sometimes called Stephen X. Member of the Order of Saint Benedict.
155 6 December 1058
– 27 July 1061
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155-Nicholas II.jpg Nicholas II
Papa NICOLAUS Secundus
(995 - 27 July 1061)
Gerard de Bourgogne Château de Chevron, County of Savoy Blason duche fr Savoie.svg, Holy Roman Empire 63 / 66 In 1059 the College of Cardinals was designated the sole body of pope electors in the document In nomine Domini. (Papal conclave).
156 30 September 1061
– 21 April 1073
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156-Alexander II.jpg Alexander II
Papa ALEXANDER Secundus
(1015 - 21 April 1073)
Anselmo da Baggio Baggio, Milan Holy Roman Empire Arms-single head.svg, Holy Roman Empire 46 / 58 Authorised the Norman conquest of England in 1066.
157 22 April 1073
– 25 May 1085
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157-St.Gregory VII.jpg St Gregory VII
Papa GREGORIUS Septimus
(1025 - 25 May 1085)
Ildebrando Aldobrandeschi di Soana
O.S.B.
Sovana, Grosseto, March of Tuscany Coat of arms of the Canossa family.svg, Holy Roman Empire 48 / 60 Initiated the Gregorian Reforms. Restricted the use of the title "Papa" to the Bishop of Rome.[4] Member of the Order of Saint Benedict. Political struggle with German Emperor Henry IV, who had to go to Canossa (1077).
158 24 May 1086
– 16 September 1087
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158-Blessed Victor III.jpg Bl. Victor III
Papa VICTOR Tertius
(1026 - 16 September 1087)
Dauferio o Desiderio
O.S.B.
Benevento, Duchy of Benevento 60 / 61 Member of the Order of Saint Benedict. Called the Synod of Benevento (1087) condemning lay investiture.
159 12 March 1088
– 29 July 1099
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159-Blessed Urban II.jpg Bl. Urban II
Papa URBANUS Secundus
(28 July 1042 - 29 July 1099)
Odon de Lagery, O.S.B. Châtillon-sur-Marne, County of Champagne Blason Blois Ancien.svg, France 46 / 57 Preached and started the First Crusade. Member of the Order of Saint Benedict.
160 13 August 1099
– 21 January 1118
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160-Paschal II.jpg Paschal II
Papa PASCHALIS Secundus
(1050 - 21 January 1118)
Raniero Ranieri
O.S.B.
Bleda, March of Tuscany Coat of arms of the Canossa family.svg, Holy Roman Empire 49 / 68 Member of the Order of Saint Benedict. Ordered the building of the basilica of Santi Quattro Coronati.

12th century

Numerical order Pontificate Portrait Name
English · Regnal
Personal name Place of birth Age at election / death or resigned Notes
161 24 January 1118
– 29 January 1119
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161-Gelasius II.jpg Gelasius II
Papa GELASIUS Secundus
(21 December 1060 - 29 January 1119)
Giovanni dei Caetani, O.S.B. Gaeta, Duchy of Gaeta 57 / 58 Member of the Order of Saint Benedict.
162 2 February 1119
– 13 December 1124
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162-Callixtus II.jpg Callixtus II
Papa CALLISTUS Secundus
(1060 - 13 December 1124)
Gui de Bourgogne, Comte de Bourgogne Quingey, Franche-Comté Blason Bourgogne-comté ancien(aigle).svg, Holy Roman Empire Holy Roman Empire Arms-single head.svg 59 / 64 Opened the First Council of the Lateran in 1123
163 21 December 1124
– 13 February 1130
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163-Honorius II.jpg Honorius II
Papa HONORIUS Secundus
(9 February 1060 - 13 February 1130)
Lamberto Scannabecchi da Fiagnano, Can.Reg. Fiagnano, Romagna, Holy Roman Empire Holy Roman Empire Arms-single head.svg 64 / 70 Canon Regular of S. Maria di San Reno. Approved the new military order of the Knights Templar in 1128.
164 14 February 1130
– 24 September 1143
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164-Innocent II.jpg Innocent II
Papa INNOCENTIUS Secundus
(26 November 1081 - 24 September 1143)
Gregorio Papareschi, Can.Reg. Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 48 / 61 Canon Regular of Lateran; Convened the Second Council of the Lateran, 1139
165 26 September 1143
– 8 March 1144
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165-Celestine II.jpg Celestine II
Papa COELESTINUS Secundus
(1085 - 8 March 1144)
Guido da Castello Città di Castello, Holy Roman Empire Holy Roman Empire Arms-single head.svg 58 / 59  
166 12 March 1144
– 15 February 1145
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166-Lucius II.jpg Lucius II
Papa LUCIUS Secundus
(1095 - 15 February 1145)
Gherardo Caccianemici dall'Orso, Can.Reg. Bologna, Holy Roman Empire Holy Roman Empire Arms-single head.svg 49 / 50 Canon Regular of S. Frediano di Lucca.
167 15 February 1145
– 8 July 1153
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167-Blessed Eugene III.jpg Bl. Eugene III
Papa EUGENIUS Tertius
(25 November 1100 - 8 July 1153)
Pietro dei Paganelli di Montemagno, O.Cist.[12] Montemagno, Republic of Pisa Shield of the Republic of Pisa.svg 44 / 52 Member of the Order of Cistercians. Announced the Second Crusade.
168 12 July 1153
– 3 December 1154
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168-Anastasius IV.jpg Anastasius IV
Papa ANASTASIUS Quartus
(1073 - 3 December 1154)
Corrado della Suburra Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 80 / 81  
169 4 December 1154
– 1 September 1159
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169-Adrian IV.jpg Adrian IV
Papa HADRIANUS Quartus
(1100 - 1 September 1159)
Nicholas Breakspear, Can.Reg. Abbots Langley, Hertfordshire, Kingdom of England Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg 54 / 59 First and only English pope; purportedly granted Ireland to Henry II, King of England. Canon Regular of St. Rufus Monastery .
170 7 September 1159
– 30 August 1181
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170-Alexander III.jpg Alexander III
Papa ALEXANDER Tertius
(1100 - 30 August 1181)
Rolando Bandinelli Siena, Republic of Siena Siena-Stemma.png, Holy Roman Empire Holy Roman Empire Arms-single head.svg 59 / 81 Convened the Third Council of the Lateran, 1179.
171 1 September 1181
– 25 November 1185
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171-Lucius III.jpg Lucius III
Papa LUCIUS Tertius
(1097 - 25 November 1185)
Ubaldo Allucignoli Lucca, March of Tuscany Coat of arms of the Canossa family.svg, Holy Roman Empire 84 / 88  
172 25 November 1185
– 20 October 1187
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172-Urban III.jpg Urban III
Papa URBANUS Tertius
(1120 - 20 October 1187)
Uberto Crivelli Cuggiono, Holy Roman Empire Holy Roman Empire Arms-single head.svg 65 / 67  
173 21 October 1187
– 17 December 1187
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173-Gregory VIII.jpg Gregory VIII
Papa GREGORIUS Octavus
(1108 - 17 December 1187)
Alberto de Morra, Can.Reg. Benevento, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 79 / 79 Canon Regular Premostratense. Proposed the Third Crusade.
174 19 December 1187
– 20 March 1191[13]
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174-Clement III.jpg Clement III
Papa CLEMENS Tertius
(1130 - 20 March 1191)
Paolo Scolari Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 57 / 61  
175 Orsini-roma-stemma.jpg 30 March 1191
– 8 January 1198
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175-Celestine III.jpg Celestine III
Papa COELESTINUS Tertius
(1106 - 8 January 1198)

Perfice gressus meos in semitis tuis
("Going in Thy path")

Giacinto Bobone Orsini Rome, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 85 / 92 Confirmed the statutes of the Teutonic Knights as a military order.
176 C o a Innocenzo III.svg 8 January 1198
– 16 July 1216
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176-Innocent III (2).jpg Innocent III
Papa INNOCENTIUS Tertius
(23 November 1160 - 16 July 1216)
Lotario dei Conti di Segni Gavignano, Papal States Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg 37 / 55 Convened the Fourth Council of the Lateran, 1215. Initiated the Fourth Crusade but later distanced himself from it and threatened participants with excommunication when it became clear that the leadership abandoned a focus on conquest of the Holy Land and instead intended to sack Christian cities.[14]

13th century

Numerical order Pontificate Portrait Name
English · Regnal
Personal name Place of birth Notes
177 C o a Onorio IV.svg 18 July 1216
– 18 March 1227
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177-Honorinus III.jpg Honorius III
Papa HONORIUS
Tertius
Cencio Savelli Rome, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire Initiated the Fifth Crusade. Approved several religious and tertiary orders.
178 C o a Innocenzo III.svg 19 March 1227
– 22 August 1241
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178-Gregory IX.jpg Gregory IX
Papa GREGORIUS Nonus
Ugolino dei Conti di Segni, O.F.S Anagni, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire Canonized Elisabeth of Hungary (1235). Initiated the Inquisition in France and endorsed the Northern Crusades.
179 C o a Celestino IV.svg 25 October 1241
– 10 November 1241
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179-Celestine IV.jpg Celestine IV
Papa COELESTINUS Quartus
Goffredo Castiglioni Milan, Italy, Holy Roman Empire Died before coronation.
180 C o a Adriano V.svg 25 June 1243
– 7 December 1254
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180-Innocent IV.jpg Innocent IV
Papa INNOCENTIUS Quartus
Sinibaldo Fieschi Genoa, Republic of Genoa, Holy Roman Empire Convened the First Council of Lyons (1245). Issued the bull Ad extirpanda that permitted the torture of heretics (1252).
181 C o a Innocenzo III.svg 12 December 1254
– 25 May 1261
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181-Alexander IV.jpg Alexander IV
Papa ALEXANDER Quartus
Rinaldo dei Conti di Jenne Jenne, Papal States Established an Inquisition in France.
182 C o a Urbano IV.svg 29 August 1261
– 2 October 1264
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182-Urban IV.jpg Urban IV
Papa URBANUS Quartus
Jacques Pantaléon Troyes, County of Champagne, France Instituted the feast of Corpus Christi (1264).
183 C o a Clemente IV.svg 5 February 1265
– 29 November 1268
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183-Clement IV.jpg Clement IV
Papa CLEMENS
Quartus
Gui Faucoi Saint-Gilles, Languedoc, France  
N/A 29 November 1268
– 1 September 1271
Sede vacante.svg Interregnum Almost 3 year period without a valid pope elected. This was due to a deadlock among cardinals voting for the pope.
184 C o a Gregorio X.svg 1 September 1271
– 10 January 1276
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184-Blessed Gregory X.jpg Bl. Gregory X
Papa GREGORIUS Decimus
Tebaldo Visconti, O.F.S Piacenza, Italy, Holy Roman Empire Convened the Second Council of Lyons (1274). Responsible for regulation all papal conclaves until the 20th century.
185 C o a Innocenzo V.svg 21 January 1276
– 22 June 1276
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185-Blessed Innocent V.jpg Bl. Innocent V
Papa INNOCENTIUS Quintus
Pierre de Tarentaise, O.P. County of Savoy, Holy Roman Empire Member of the Dominican Order.
186 C o a Adriano V.svg 11 July 1276
– 18 August 1276
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186-Adrian V.jpg Adrian V
Papa HADRIANUS Quintus
Ottobuono Fieschi Genoa, Republic of Genoa, Holy Roman Empire Annulled Gregory X's papal bull on the regulations of papal conclaves.
187 C o a Giovanni XXI.svg 8 September 1276
– 20 May 1277
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187-John XXI.jpg John XXI
Papa IOANNES Vicesimus Primus
Pedro Julião (a.k.a. Petrus Hispanus and Pedro Hispano) Lisbon, Portugal Due to a confusion over the numbering of popes named John in the 13th century, there was no John XX. There has never been a John XX, because the 20th pope of this name formerly when elected, decided to skip the number XX and be counted as John XXI instead. He wanted to correct what in his time was believed to be an error in the counting of his predecessors John XV to XIX
188 C o a Niccolo III.svg 25 November 1277
– 22 August 1280
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188-Nicholas III.jpg Nicholas III
Papa NICOLAUS
Tertius
Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Rome, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire
189 C o a Martino IV.svg 22 February 1281
– 28 March 1285
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189-Martin IV.jpg Martin IV
Papa MARTINUS Quartus
Simon de Brion Meinpicien, Touraine, France  
190 C o a Onorio IV.svg 2 April 1285
– 3 April 1287
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190-Honorius IV.jpg Honorius IV
Papa HONORIUS Quartus
Giacomo Savelli Rome, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire  
191 C o a Niccolo IV.svg 22 February 1288
– 4 April 1292
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191-Nicholas IV.jpg Nicholas IV
Papa NICOLAUS Quartus
Girolamo Masci, O.F.M. Lisciano, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire Member of the Franciscan Order.
N/A 4 April 1292
– 5 July 1294
Sede vacante.svg Interregnum 2 year period without a valid pope elected. This was due to a deadlock among cardinals voting for the pope.
192 C o a Celestino V.svg 5 July 1294
– 13 December 1294
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192-St.Celestine V.jpg St Celestine V
Papa COELESTINUS Quintus
Pietro Angelerio, O.S.B. Sant'Angelo Limosano, Kingdom of Sicily One of the few popes who resigned voluntarily. Member of the Order of Saint Benedict. Founded the Celestines.
193 C o a Bonifacio VIII.svg 24 December 1294
– 11 October 1303
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193-Boniface VIII (2).jpg Boniface VIII
Papa BONIFATIUS Octavus
Benedetto Caetani Anagni, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire Formalized the Jubilee in 1300. Issued Unam Sanctam (1302) which proclaimed papal supremacy and pushing it to its historical extreme.

14th century

Numerical order Pontificate Portrait Name
English · Regnal
Personal name Place of birth Notes
194 C o a Benedetto XI.svg 22 October 1303
– 7 July 1304
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194-Blessed Benedict XI.jpg Bl. Benedict XI
Papa BENEDICTUS Undecimus

Illustra faciem Tuam super servum Tuum
("Let Your Face shine upon Your servant")

Niccolò Boccasini, O.P. Treviso Member of the Dominican Order. Reverted Boniface VIII's Unam Sanctam.
195 C o a Clemente V.svg 5 June 1305
– 20 April 1314
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195-Clement V (2).jpg Clement V
Papa CLEMENS Quintus
Bertrand de Got Villandraut, Gascony, France Pope at Avignon. Convened the Council of Vienne (1311–1312). Initiated the persecution of the Knights Templar with the bull Pastoralis Praeeminentiae under pressure from King Philip IV of France.
N/A 20 April 1314
– 7 August 1316
Sede vacante.svg Interregnum 2 year period without a valid pope elected. This was due to a deadlock among cardinals voting for the pope.
196 C o a Giovanni XXII.svg 7 August 1316
– 4 December 1334
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196-John XXII.jpg John XXII
Papa IOANNES Vicesimus Secundus
Jacques d'Euse; Jacques Duèse Cahors, Quercy, France Pope at Avignon. Controversial for his views on the Beatific Vision.
197 C o a Benedetto XII.svg 20 December 1334
– 25 April 1342
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197-Benedict XII.jpg Benedict XII
Papa BENEDICTUS Duodecimus
Jacques Fournier, O.Cist. Saverdun, County of Foix, France Pope at Avignon. Member of the Order of Cistercians. Known for issuing the Apostolic constitution Benedictus Deus (1336).
198 C o a Gregorio XI.svg 7 May 1342
– 6 December 1352
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198-Clement VI.jpg Clement VI
Papa CLEMENS Sextus
Pierre Roger, O.S.B. Maumont, Limousin, France Pope at Avignon. Reigned during the Black Death and absolved those who died of it of their sins.
199 C o a Innocenzo VI.svg 18 December 1352
– 12 September 1362
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199-Innocent VI.jpg Innocent VI
Papa INNOCENTIUS Sextus
Étienne Aubert Les Monts, Limousin, France Pope at Avignon. Through his exertions the Treaty of Brétigny (1360) was brought about.
200 C o a Urbano V.svg 28 September 1362
– 19 December 1370
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200-Blessed Urban V.jpg Bl. Urban V
Papa URBANUS Quintus
Guillaume (de) Grimoard, O.S.B. Grizac, Languedoc, France Pope at Avignon. Member of the Order of Saint Benedict. Reformed areas of education and sent missionary movements across Europe and Asia. His pontificate witnessed the Alexandrian and Savoyard crusades.
201 C o a Gregorio XI.svg 30 December 1370
– 27 March 1378
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201-Gregory XI.jpg Gregory XI
Papa GREGORIUS Undecimus
Pierre Roger de Beaufort Maumont, Limousin, France Pope at Avignon; returns to Rome. The last French pope.
202 C o a Urbano VI.svg 8 April 1378
– 15 October 1389
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202-Urban VI.jpg Urban VI
Papa URBANUS Sextus
Bartolomeo Prignano Naples, Kingdom of Naples Western Schism. Last pontiff to be elected outside the College of Cardinals.
203 C o a Bonifacio IX.svg 2 November 1389
– 1 October 1404
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203-Boniface IX.jpg Boniface IX
Papa BONIFATIUS Nonus
Pietro Tomacelli Naples, Kingdom of Naples Western Schism.

15th century

  • R This pope resigned his office.
  • B The exact birth date of Innocent VIII and almost all popes prior to Eugene IV is unknown, therefore the lowest probable age has been assumed for this table.
Numerical order Pontificate Portrait Name
English · Regnal
Personal name Place of birth Age at start/end of papacy Notes
204 C o a Innocenzo VII.svg 17 October 1404
– 6 November 1406
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204-Innocent VII.jpg Innocent VII
Papa INNOCENTIUS Septimus
Cosimo Gentile Migliorati Sulmona, Kingdom of Naples 65 / 67 [B] Western Schism
205 C o a Gregorio XII.svg 30 November 1406
– 4 July 1415
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205-Gregory XII.jpg Gregory XII
Papa GREGORIUS Duodecimus
Angelo Correr Venice, Republic of Venice [R] 80 / 91 Western Schism; abdicated during the Council of Constance, which had been called by his opponent John XXIII. Last pope to resign until Pope Benedict XVI.
N/A 4 July 1415
– 11 November 1417
Sede vacante.svg Interregnum Two-year period without a valid pope elected.
206 C o a Martino V.svg 11 November 1417
– 20 February 1431
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206-Martin V.jpg Martin V
Papa MARTINUS Quintus
Oddone Colonna, O.F.S Genazzano, Papal States 48 / 62 Convened the Council of Basel (1431). Initiated the Hussite Wars.
207 C o a Eugenio IV.svg 3 March 1431
– 23 February 1447
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207-Eugene IV.jpg Eugene IV
Papa EUGENIUS Quartus
Gabriele Condulmer, O.S.A. Venice, Republic of Venice 47 / 63 [B] Member of the Augustinian Order. Nephew of Martin V. Crowned Sigismund emperor at Rome in 1433. Transferred the Council of Basel to Ferrara. It was later transferred again, to Florence, because of the Bubonic plague.
208 40px 6 March 1447
– 24 March 1455
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208-Nicholas V.jpg Nicholas V
Papa NICOLAUS Quintus
Tommaso Parentucelli, O.P. Sarzana, Republic of Genoa 49 / 57 Member of the Dominican Order. Held the Jubilee of 1450. Crowned Frederick III emperor at Rome (1452). Issued the Papal Bull Dum Diversas allowing Portugal's right to conquer and subjugate Saracens and pagans (1452). Created a library in the Vatican which would eventually become the Bibliotheca Apostolica Vaticana.
209 Coat of Arms of Pope Callixtus III.svg 8 April 1455
– 6 August 1458
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209-Callixtus III.jpg Callixtus III
Papa CALLISTUS Tertius
Alfonso de Borja Xàtiva, Kingdom of Valencia, Crown of Aragon 76 / 79 The first Spanish pope. Ordered the Feast of the Transfiguration to be celebrated on 6 August. Ordered the retrial of Joan of Arc, in which she was vindicated.
210 C o a Pio II.svg 19 August 1458
– 15 August 1464
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210-Pius II.jpg Pius II
Papa PIUS Secundus
Enea Silvio Piccolomini Corsignano, Republic of Siena 52 / 58 Displayed a great interest in urban planning. Founded Pienza near Siena as the ideal city in 1462. Known for his work on the Commentaries.
211 Coat of arms of Pope Paul II.png 30 August 1464
– 26 July 1471
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211-Paul II.jpg Paul II
Papa PAULUS Secundus
Pietro Barbo Venice, Republic of Venice 47 / 54 The nephew of Eugene IV. Built the Palazzo San Marco (now Palazzo Venezia). Approved the introduction of printing in the Papal States.
212 CoA della Rovere popes.svg 9 August 1471
– 12 August 1484
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212-Sixtus IV.jpg Sixtus IV
Papa XYSTUS Quartus
Francesco della Rovere, O.F.M. Celle Ligure, Republic of Genoa 57 / 70 Member of the Franciscan Order. Commissioned the Sistine Chapel. Authorized an Inquisition targeting converted Jewish Christians in Spain at the request of Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand.
213 C o a Innocenzo VIII.svg 29 August 1484
– 25 July 1492
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213-Innocent VIII.jpg Innocent VIII
Papa INNOCENTIUS Octavus
Giovanni Battista Cybo Genoa, Republic of Genoa 51 / 59 [B] Appointed Tomás de Torquemada. Endorsed the prosecution of witchcraft in the bull Summis desiderantes affectibus (1484).
214 C o a Alessandro VI.svg 11 August 1492
– 18 August 1503
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214-Alexander VI.jpg Alexander VI
Papa ALEXANDER Sextus
Roderic Llançol i de Borja Xàtiva, Kingdom of Valencia, Crown of Aragon 61 / 72 Nephew of Callixtus III; father to Cesare Borgia and Lucrezia Borgia. Divided the extra-European world between Spain and Portugal in the bull Inter caetera (1493). No Alexander V due to the antipope.

16th century

Numerical order Pontificate Portrait Name
English · Regnal
Personal name Place of birth Age at start/end of papacy Notes
215 C o a Pio II.svg 22 September 1503
– 18 October 1503
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215-Pius III.jpg Pius III
Papa PIUS Tertius
Francesco Todeschini Piccolomini Siena, Republic of Siena 64 / 64 Nephew of Pius II. Founded the Piccolomini Library adjourning the Siena Cathedral.
216 CoA della Rovere popes.svg 31 October 1503
– 21 February 1513
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216-Julius II.jpg Julius II
Papa IULIUS Secundus
Giuliano della Rovere, O.F.M. Albisola, Republic of Genoa 59 / 69 Nephew of Sixtus IV; convened the Fifth Council of the Lateran (1512). Took control of all the Papal States for the first time. Commissioned Michelangelo to paint the Sistine Chapel ceiling. Proposed plans for rebuilding St Peter's Basilica.
217 Medici popes.svg 9 March 1513
– 1 December 1521
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217-Leo X.jpg Leo X
Papa LEO Decimus
Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici Florence, Republic of Florence 37 / 45 Son of Lorenzo the Magnificent. Closed the Fifth Council of the Lateran. Remembered for granting indulgences to those who donated to rebuild St. Peter's Basilica; excommunicated Martin Luther (1521). Extended the Spanish Inquisition into Portugal.
218 C o a Adriano VI.svg 9 January 1522
– 14 September 1523
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218-Adrian VI.jpg Adrian VI
Papa HADRIANUS Sextus

Patere et sustine
("Respect and wait")[15]

Adriaan Floriszoon Boeyens Utrecht, Bishopric of Utrecht, Holy Roman Empire (now Netherlands) 62 / 64 The only Dutch pope; last non-Italian to be elected pope until John Paul II in 1978. Tutor of Emperor Charles V. Retained his baptismal name as his regnal name.
219 Medici popes.svg 26 November 1523
– 25 September 1534
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219-Clement VII.jpg Clement VII
Papa CLEMENS Septimus

Candor illæsus
("Unharmed candor")[16]

Giulio di Giuliano de' Medici Florence, Republic of Florence 45 / 56 Cousin of Leo X. Rome plundered by imperial troops (1527). Forbade the divorce of Henry VIII; crowned Charles V as emperor at Bologna (1530). His niece was married to the future Henry II of France. Ordered Michelangelo's painting of The Last Judgment in the Sistine Chapel.
220 C o a Paulo III.svg 13 October 1534
– 10 November 1549
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220-Paul III.jpg Paul III
Papa PAULUS Tertius
Alessandro Farnese Canino, Lazio, Papal States 66 / 81 Opened the Council of Trent (1545). His illegitimate son became the first Duke of Parma. Decreed the second and final excommunication of Henry VIII. Appointed Michelangelo to supervise construction of St. Peter's Basilica (1546).
221 C o a Giulio III.svg 7 February 1550
– 29 March 1555
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221-Julius III.jpg Julius III
Papa IULIUS Tertius
Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Rome, Lazio, Papal States 62 / 67 Established the Collegium Germanicum (1552). Reconvened the Council of Trent. The Innocenzo Scandal.
222 C o a Marcello II.svg 9 April 1555
– 1 May 1555
(0 years, Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist. days)
222-Marcellus II.jpg Marcellus II
Papa MARCELLUS Secundus
Marcello Cervini degli Spannochi Montefano, Marche, Papal States 53 / 53 The last to use his birth name as the regnal name. Instituted immediate economies in Vatican expenditures. The Missa Papae Marcelli composed in his honour.
223 C o a Paulo IV.svg 23 May 1555
– 18 August 1559
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223-Paul IV.jpg Paul IV
Papa PAULUS Quartus

Dominus mihi adjutor
("The Lord is my helper")[17]

Giovanni Pietro Carafa, C.R. Capriglia Irpina, Campania, Kingdom of Naples 78 / 83 Member of the Theatines. Established the Roman Ghetto in Cum Nimis Absurdum (1555) and established the Index of Forbidden Books. Ordered Michelangelo to repaint the nudes of The Last Judgment modestly.
224 Medici popes.svg 26 December 1559
– 9 December 1565
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224-Pius IV.jpg Pius IV
Papa PIUS Quartus
Giovanni Angelo Medici Milan, Duchy of Milan 60 / 66 Reopened and closed the Council of Trent. Ordered public construction to improve the water supply of Rome. Instituted the Tridentine Creed.
225 C o a Pio V.svg 7 January 1566
– 1 May 1572
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225-St.Pius V.jpg St Pius V
Papa PIUS Quintus

Utinam dirigantur viæ meæ ad custodiendas
("It binds us to keep")[18]

Antonio Ghislieri, O.P. Bosco, Piedmont, Duchy of Milan 61 / 68 Member of the Dominican Order. Excommunicated Elizabeth I (1570). Battle of Lepanto (1571); instituted the feast of Our Lady of Victory. Issued the 1570 Roman Missal.
226 C o a Gregorio XIII.svg 13 May 1572
– 10 April 1585
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226-Gregory XIII.jpg Gregory XIII
Papa GREGORIUS Tertius Decimus

Aperuit et clausit
("Opened and closed")[19]

Ugo Boncompagni Bologna, Emilia-Romagna, Papal States 70 / 83 Reformed the calendar (1582); built the Gregorian Chapel in the Vatican. The first pope to bestow the Immaculate Conception as Patroness to the Philippine Islands through the bull Ilius Fulti Præsido (1579). Strengthened diplomatic ties with Asian nations.
227 C o a Sisto V.svg 24 April 1585
– 27 August 1590
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227-Sixtus V.jpg Sixtus V
Papa XYSTUS Quintus
Felice Peretti di Montalto, O.F.M. Conv. Grottammare, Marche, Papal States 63 / 68 Member of the Conventual Franciscan Order. Known for fixing and completing building works to major basilicas in Rome. Limited the College of Cardinals to 70 in number; doubled the number of curial congregations.
228 C o a Urbano VII.svg 15 September 1590
– 27 September 1590
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228-Urban VII.jpg Urban VII
Papa URBANUS Septimus
Giovanni Battista Castagna Rome, Lazio, Papal States 69 / 69 Shortest-reigning pope; died before coronation. Set the first known worldwide smoking ban, banning smoking in and near all churches.
229 C o a Gregorio XIV.svg 5 December 1590
– 16 October 1591
(0 years, Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist. days)
229-Gregory XIV.jpg Gregory XIV
Papa GREGORIUS Quartus Decimus
Niccolò Sfondrati Somma Lombardo, Lombardy, Duchy of Milan 55 / 56 Modified the constitution Effraenatam of Sixtus V so that the penalty for abortion did not apply until the foetus became animated (1591). Made gambling on papal elections punishable by excommunication.
230 C o a Innocenzo IX.svg 29 October 1591
– 30 December 1591
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230-Innocent IX.jpg Innocent IX
Papa INNOCENTIUS Nonus
Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti Bologna, Emilia-Romagna, Papal States 72 / 72 Supported the cause of Philip II and the Catholic League against Henry IV in the French Wars of Religion. Prohibited the alienation of church property.
231 C o a Clemente VIII.svg 30 January 1592
– 3 March 1605
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231-Clement VIII.jpg Clement VIII
Papa CLEMENS Octavus
Ippolito Aldobrandini Fano, Marche, Papal States 55 / 69 Initiated an alliance of European Christian powers to partake in the war with the Ottoman Empire known as The Long War (1595). Convened the Congregatio de Auxiliis which addressed doctrinal disputes between the Dominicans and Jesuits regarding free will and divine grace.[20]

17th century

Numerical order Pontificate Portrait Name
English · Regnal
Personal name Place of birth Age at start/end of papacy Notes
232 Medici popes.svg 1 April 1605
– 27 April 1605
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232-Leo XI.jpg Leo XI
Papa LEO Undecimus
Alessandro Ottaviano de' Medici Florence, Duchy of Florence 69 / 69 The nephew of Leo X. Called "Papa Lampo" (Lightning Pope) for his brief pontificate.
233 C o a Paulo V.svg 16 May 1605
– 28 January 1621
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233-Paul V.jpg Paul V
Papa PAULUS Quintus

Absit nisi in te gloriari
("Far, but in your glory")[21]

Camillo Borghese Rome, Lazio, Papal States 52 / 68 Known for various building projects which included the facade of St Peter's Basilica. Established the Bank of the Holy Spirit (1605); restored the Aqua Traiana.
234 C o a Gregorio XV.svg 9 February 1621
– 8 July 1623
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234-Gregory XV.jpg Gregory XV
Papa GREGORIUS Quintus Decimus
Alessandro Ludovisi Bologna, Emilia-Romagna, Papal States 67 / 69 Established the Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith (1622). Issued the bull Aeterni Patris (1621) which imposed conclaves to be by secret ballot. Issued the constitution Omnipotentis Dei against magicians and witches (1623).
235 C o a Urbano VIII.svg 6 August 1623
– 29 July 1644
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235-Urban VIII.jpg Urban VIII
Papa URBANUS Octavus
Maffeo Barberini Florence, Grand Duchy of Tuscany 55 / 76 Trial against Galileo Galilei. The last pope to expand papal territory by force of arms. Issued a 1624 bull that made the use of tobacco in holy places punishable by excommunication.
236 C o a Innocenzo X.svg 15 September 1644
– 7 January 1655
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236-Innocent X.jpg Innocent X
Papa INNOCENTIUS Decimus

Alleviatæ sunt aquæ super terram
("Water on earth")[22]

Giovanni Battista Pamphilj Rome, Lazio, Papal States 70 / 80 The great-great-great-grandson of Alexander VI. Erected the Fontana dei Quattro Fiumi in Piazza Navona. Promulgated the apostolic constitution Cum occasione (1653) which condemned five doctrines of Jansenism as heresy.
237 C o a Alessandro VII.svg 7 April 1655
– 22 May 1667
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237-Alexander VII.jpg Alexander VII
Papa ALEXANDER Septimus

Montium custos
("Mountain guardian")[23]

Fabio Chigi Siena, Grand Duchy of Tuscany 56 / 68 Great-nephew of Paul V. Commissioned St. Peter's Square. Issued the constitution Sollicitudo Omnium Ecclesiarum that set the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception almost identical to that of Pius IX centuries later.
238 C o a Clemente IX.svg 20 June 1667
– 9 December 1669
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238-Clement IX.jpg Clement IX
Papa CLEMENS Nonus

Aliis non sibi Clemens
("Clement to others, not to himself")[24]

Giulio Rospigliosi Pistoia, Grand Duchy of Tuscany 67 / 69 Commissioned the colonnade of St. Peter's Square. Mediated in the peace of Aachen (1668).
239 C o a Clemente X.svg 29 April 1670
– 22 July 1676
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
239-Clement X.jpg Clement X
Papa CLEMENS Decimus

Bonum auget malum minuit
("He increases good and diminishes evil")[25]

Emilio Bonaventura Altieri Rome, Lazio, Papal States 79 / 86 Canonized the first saint from the Americas: Saint Rose of Lima (1671). Decorated the bridge of Sant' Angelo with the ten statues of angels and the two fountains that adorn the piazza of St. Peter's. Established regulations for the removal of relics of saints from cemeteries.
240 C o a Innocenzo XI.svg 21 September 1676
– 12 August 1689
(12 years, Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist. days)
240-Blessed Innocent XI.jpg Bl. Innocent XI
Papa INNOCENTIUS Undecimus

Avarus non Implebitur
("The covetous man is not satisfied")[26]

Benedetto Odescalchi Como, Lombardy, Duchy of Milan 65 / 78 Condemned the doctrine of mental reservation (1679) and initiated the Holy League. Extended the Holy Name of Mary as a universal feast (1684). Admired for positive contributions to catechesis.
241 C o a Alessandro VIII.svg 6 October 1689
– 1 February 1691
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241-Alexander VIII.jpg Alexander VIII
Papa ALEXANDER Octavus
Pietro Vito Ottoboni Venice, Republic of Venice 79 / 80 Condemned the so-called philosophical sin (1690).
242 C o a Innocenzo XII.svg 12 July 1691
– 27 September 1700
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
242-Innocent XII.jpg Innocent XII
Papa INNOCENTIUS Duodecimus
Antonio Pignatelli, O.F.S Spinazzola, Apulia, Kingdom of Naples 76 / 85 Issued the bull Romanum decet Pontificem to stop nepotism (1692). Erected various charitable and educational institutions.

18th century

Numerical order Pontificate Portrait Name
English · Regnal
Personal name Place of birth Age at start/end of papacy Notes
243 C o a Clemente XI.svg 23 November 1700
– 19 March 1721
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
243-Clement XI.jpg Clement XI
Papa CLEMENS Undecimus
Giovanni Francesco Albani Urbino, Marche, Papal States 51 / 71 The "Chinese Rites" controversy. Patronized the first archaeological excavations in the Roman catacombs and made the feast of the Immaculate Conception universal.[10]
244 C o a Innocenzo XIII.svg 8 May 1721
– 7 March 1724
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
244-Innocent XIII.jpg Innocent XIII
Papa INNOCENTIUS Tertius Decimus
Michelangelo dei Conti Poli, Lazio, Papal States 65 / 68 Prohibited the Jesuits from prosecuting their mission in China ordering that no new members should be received into the order.
245 C o a Benedetto XIII.svg 29 May 1724
– 21 February 1730
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
245-Servant of God Benedict XIII.jpg Servant of God Benedict XIII
Papa BENEDICTUS Tertius Decimus
Pietro Francesco Orsini, O.P. Gravina in Puglia, Bari, Kingdom of Naples 75 / 81 Member of the Dominican Order; third and last member of the Orsini family to be pope. Originally called Benedict XIV due to the antipope but reverted to XIII. Repealed the worldwide tobacco smoking ban set by Urban VII and Urban VIII.
246 C o a Clemente XII.svg 12 July 1730
– 6 February 1740
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
246-Clement XII.jpg Clement XII
Papa CLEMENS Duodecimus

Dabis discernere inter malum et bonum
("Distinguish between good and evil")[27]

Lorenzo Corsini, O.F.S Florence, Grand Duchy of Tuscany 78 / 87 Completed the new façade of the Archbasilica of St. John Lateran (1735). Commissioned the Trevi Fountain in Rome (1732). Condemned Freemasonry in In eminenti apostolatus (1738). Last pope to elected at an old age until Pope Benedict XVI at 2005.
247 C o a Benedetto XIV.svg 17 August 1740
– 3 May 1758
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247-Benedict XIV.jpg Benedict XIV
Papa BENEDICTUS Quartus Decimus

Curabuntor omnes
("Will heal all")[28]

Prospero Lorenzo Lambertini Bologna, Papal States 65 / 83 Reformed the education of priests and the calendar of feasts. Completed the Trevi Fountain and affirmed the teachings of Thomas Aquinas; founded academies of art, religion and science.
248 C o a Clemente XIII.svg 6 July 1758
– 2 February 1769
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
248-Clement XIII.jpg Clement XIII
Papa CLEMENS Tertius Decimus

Rosa umbriæ
("Umbrian rose")[29]

Carlo della Torre di Rezzonico Venice, Republic of Venice 65 / 75 Provided the famous fig leaves on nude male statues in the Vatican. Defended the Society of Jesus in "Apostolicum pascendi" (1765).
249 C o a Clemente XIV.svg 19 May 1769
– 22 September 1774
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249-Clement XIV.jpg Clement XIV
Papa CLEMENS Quartus Decimus

Ursus velox
("Quick bear")[30]

Giovanni Vincenzo Antonio Ganganelli, O.F.M. Conv. Sant'
Arcangelo di Romagna
, Papal States
63 / 68 Member of the Conventual Franciscan Order. Suppressed the Society of Jesus in the brief "Dominus ac Redemptor" (1773).
250 C o a Pio VI.svg 15 February 1775
– 29 August 1799
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250-Pius VI.jpg Pius VI
Papa PIUS Sextus

Floret in domo domini
("It blossoms in the house of God")[31]

Count Giovanni Angelo Braschi Cesena, Emilia-Romagna, Papal States 57 / 81 Condemned the French Revolution; expelled from the Papal States by French troops from 1798 until his death. The last pope to be a patron of Renaissance art.
N/A 29 August 1799
–14 March 1800
Sede vacante.svg Interregnum Six-month period without a valid pope elected. This was due to unique logistical problems (the old pope died a prisoner and the conclave was in Venice) and a deadlock among cardinals voting.

19th century

Numerical order Pontificate Portrait Name
English · Regnal
Personal name Place of birth Age at start/end of papacy Notes
251 C o a Pio VII.svg 14 March 1800
– 20 August 1823
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
251-Servant of God Pius VII.jpg Servant of God Pius VII
Papa PIUS Septimus

Aquila Rapax
("Rapacious eagle")[32]

Count Barnaba Niccolò Maria Luigi Chiaramonti, O.S.B. Cesena, Emilia-Romagna, Papal States 57 / 81 Member of the Order of Saint Benedict. Present at Napoleon's coronation as Emperor of the French. Briefly expelled from the Papal States by the French between 1809 and 1814.
252 C o a Leone XII.svg 28 September 1823
– 10 February 1829
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252-Leo XII.jpg Leo XII
Papa LEO Duodecimus
Count Annibale Francesco Clemente Melchiore Girolamo Nicola Sermattei della Genga Genga, Marche, Papal States 63 / 68 Placed the Catholic educational system under the control of the Jesuits through Quod divina sapientia (1824). Condemned the Bible societies.
253 C o a Pio VIII.svg 31 March 1829
– 30 November 1830
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253-Pius VIII.jpg Pius VIII
Papa PIUS Octavus
Francesco Saverio Castiglioni Cingoli, Marche, Papal States 67 / 69 Accepted Louis Philippe I as King of the French. Condemned the masonic secret societies and modernist biblical translations in the brief Litteris altero (1830).
254 C o a Gregorio XVI.svg 2 February 1831
– 1 June 1846
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
254-Gregory XVI.jpg Gregory XVI
Papa GREGORIUS Sextus Decimus
Bartolomeo Alberto Cappellari, O.S.B. Cam. Belluno, Veneto, Republic of Venice 65 / 80 Member of the Camaldolese Order; last non-bishop to be elected to the papacy. Opposed democratic and modernising reforms in the Papal States.
255 Pio Nono.svg 16 June 1846
– 7 February 1878
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
255-Blessed Pius IX.jpg Bl. Pius IX
Papa PIUS Nonus
Count Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti, O.F.S. Senigallia, Marche, Papal States 54 / 85 Opened the First Vatican Council; lost the Papal States to Italy. Defined the dogma of the Immaculate Conception and defined papal infallibility. Issued the controversial Syllabus of Errors. Second longest serving pope in history after Saint Peter.
256 C o a Leone XIII.svg 20 February 1878
– 20 July 1903
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
256-Leo XIII.jpg Leo XIII
Papa LEO Tertius Decimus
Gioacchino Vincenzo Raffaele Luigi Pecci, O.F.S. Carpineto Romano, Lazio, Papal States 67 / 93 Issued the encyclical Rerum novarum; supported Christian democracy against Communism. Had the fourth-longest reign after Pius IX, Saint Peter and John Paul II. Promoted the rosary and the scapular and approved two new Marian scapulars; first pope to fully embrace the concept of Mary as mediatrix.

20th century

Numerical order Pontificate Portrait Name
English · Regnal
Motto
Latin (English)
Personal name Place of birth Age at start/end of papacy Notes
257 Coat of arms of Pope Pius X.svg 4 August 1903
– 20 August 1914
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
PiusX, Bain (cropped).jpg St Pius X
Papa PIUS Decimus

Instaurare Omnia in Christo
("Restore all things in Christ")

Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto, O.F.S. Riese, Treviso, Lombardy-Venetia, Austrian Empire 68 / 79 Encouraged and expanded reception of the Eucharist. Combatted Modernism; issued the oath against it. Advocated the Gregorian Chant and reformed the Roman Breviary.
258 CoA Benedetto XV.svg 3 September 1914
– 22 January 1922
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
Benedictus XV.jpg Benedict XV
Papa BENEDICTUS Quintus Decimus

In te, Domine, speravi:
non confundar in aeternum.

("In thee, o Lord, have I trusted: let me not be confounded for evermore.")

Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista Della Chiesa, O.F.S. Genoa, Pegli, Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia 59 / 67 Credited for intervening for peace during World War I. Issued the 1917 Code of Canon Law; supported the missionaries in Maximum Illud. Remembered by Benedict XVI as a "prophet of peace".
259 C o a Pio XI.svg 6 February 1922
– 10 February 1939
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
Bundesarchiv Bild 102-01279, Papst Pius XI..jpg Pius XI
Papa PIUS Undecimus

Pax Christi in Regno Christi
("The Peace of Christ in the Kingdom of Christ")

Achille Ambrogio Damiano Ratti, O.F.S. Desio, Lombardy-Venetia, Austrian Empire 64 / 81 Signed the Lateran Treaty with Italy (1929) establishing Vatican City as a sovereign state. Inaugurated Vatican Radio. Re-founded the Pontifical Academy of Sciences. Created the feast of Christ the King. Opposed Communism and Nazism.
260 Pius 12 coa.svg 2 March 1939
– 9 October 1958
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
His Holiness Pope Pius XII.png Ven. Pius XII
Papa PIUS Duodecimus

Opus Justitiae Pax
("The work of justice [shall be] peace")

Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli, O.F.S. Rome, Lazio, Kingdom of Italy 63 / 82 Invoked papal infallibility in the encyclical Munificentissimus Deus; defined the dogma of the Assumption. Eliminated the Italian majority of cardinals. Credited with intervening for peace during World War II; controversial for his role in the Holocaust.
261 John 23 coa.svg 28 October 1958
– 3 June 1963
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Pope John XXIII - 1959.jpg St John XXIII
Papa IOANNES Vicesimus Tertius

Obedientia et Pax
("Obedience and peace")

Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli, O.F.S. Sotto il Monte, Bergamo, Kingdom of Italy 76 / 81 Opened the Second Vatican Council; called "Good Pope John". Issued the encyclical Pacem in terris (1963) on peace and nuclear disarmament; intervened for peace during the Cuban Missile Crisis (1962).
262 Coat of Arms of Pope Paul VI.svg 21 June 1963
– 6 August 1978
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
Pope Paul VI portrait.jpg Bl. Paul VI
Papa PAULUS Sextus

Cum Ipso in Monte
("With Him on the mount")

Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini Concesio, Brescia, Kingdom of Italy 65 / 80 Last pope to be crowned in a coronation with the tiara. First pope to travel to the USA and Australia; first pope since 1809 to travel outside Italy. Closed the Second Vatican Council. Issued the encyclical Humanae vitae (1968) condemning artificial contraception.
263 John paul 1 coa.svg 26 August 1978
– 28 September 1978
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
Servant of God John Paul I
Papa IOANNES PAULUS Primus

Humilitas
("Humility")

Albino Luciani Forno di Canale, Belluno, Veneto, Kingdom of Italy 65 / 65 Abolished the coronation opting for the Papal Inauguration. First pope to use 'the First' in papal name; first with two names for two immediate predecessors. Last pope to use the Sedia Gestatoria.
264 John paul 2 coa.svg 16 October 1978
– 2 April 2005
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
JohannesPaul2-portrait.jpg St John Paul II
(John Paul the Great)[33]

Papa IOANNES PAULUS Secundus

Totus Tuus
("Totally yours")

Karol Józef Wojtyła Wadowice, 2nd Polish Republic 58 / 84 First Polish pope and first non-Italian pope since Adrian VI (1522–1523). Traveled extensively, visiting 129 countries during his pontificate. Third longest reign after Pius IX and Saint Peter. Founded World Youth Day (1984). Canonized more saints than all his predecessors.

3rd millennium

21st century

Numerical order Pontificate Portrait Name
English · Regnal
Motto
Latin (English)
Personal name Place of birth Age at start/end of papacy Notes
265 Coat of Arms of Benedictus XVI.svg 19 April 2005
– 28 February 2013
(Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist.)
Benedicto XVI, 2011.jpg Benedict XVI
Papa BENEDICTUS Sextus Decimus

Cooperatores Veritatis
("Cooperators of the truth")

Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger Marktl am Inn, Bavaria, Germany 78 / 85 Oldest to become pope since Clement XII (1730). Elevated the Tridentine Mass to a more prominent position and promoted the use of Latin; re-introduced several disused papal garments. Established the Anglican Ordinariate. First pope to renounce the papacy on his own initiative since Celestine V (1294),[34] retaining regnal name with title of Pope Emeritus.[35]
266 Insigne Francisci.svg 13 March 2013
– present
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Pope Francis 2013.jpg Francis
Papa FRANCISCUS

Miserando atque Eligendo
("Lowly but chosen" -- literally in Latin 'by having mercy, by choosing him') [36]

Jorge Mario Bergoglio, S.J. Flores, Buenos Aires, Argentina 76 / - First pope to be born outside Europe since Gregory III (731–741) and the first from the Americas; first pope from the Southern Hemisphere. First religious pope since Gregory XVI (1831–1846); first Jesuit pope. First to use a new and non-composed regnal name since Lando (913–914).

Religious orders

38 popes have been members of religious orders. These have included:

  • Benedictines (18):
    • Gregory I, Boniface IV, Adeodatus II, Leo IV, John IX, Leo VII, Sergius IV, Stephen IX, Gregory VII, Victor III, Urban II, Paschal II, Gelasius II, Celestine V, Clement VI, Urban V, Pius VII
and including Camaldolese (1):
Gregory XVI
and including Canons Regular (5):
Honorius II, Innocent II, Lucius II, Gregory VIII, Adrian IV
  • Dominicans (5):
    • Innocent V, Benedict XI, Nicholas V, Pius V, Benedict XIII
  • Franciscans (5):
    • Nicholas IV, Sixtus IV, Julius II
and including Conventual Franciscans (2):
Sixtus V, Clement XIV

12 popes have been members of third orders, also called "tertiaries" or "Third Order Secular," and all of them of the Secular Franciscans:

  • Gregory IX, Gregory X, Martin V, Innocent XII, Clement XII, Pius IX, Leo XIII, Pius X, Benedict XV, Pius XI, Pius XII, John XXIII

Notes on numbering of popes

A number of anomalies in the list given above need further explanation:

  • Felix II (356–357), Boniface VII (974, 984–985), John XVI (997–998), Benedict X (1058–1059) and Alexander V (1409–1410) are not listed because they are all considered antipopes.[37]
  • The numbering of popes named Felix has been amended to omit antipope Felix II; however, most lists still call the last two Felixes Felix III and Felix IV. Additionally, there was an antipope Felix V.[37]
  • There has never been a pope John XX as a result of confusion of the numbering system in the 11th century.[38]
  • Pope-elect Stephen, who died before being consecrated, has not been on the Vatican's official list of popes since 1961, but appears on lists dating from before 1960.[38] The numbering of following popes called Stephen are nowadays given as Pope Stephen II (752–757) to Pope Stephen IX (1057–1058), rather than Stephen III to Stephen X.
  • When Simon de Brion became pope in 1281, he chose to be called Martin. At that time, Marinus I and Marinus II were mistakenly considered to be Martin II and Martin III respectively, and so, erroneously, Simon de Brion became Pope Martin IV.[39]
  • Pope Donus II, said to have reigned about 974, never existed. The belief resulted from the confusion of the title dominus (lord) with a proper name.
  • Pope Joan also never existed; however, legends about her may have originated from stories about the pornocracy.[40]
  • The status of Antipope John XXIII was uncertain for hundreds of years, and was finally settled in 1958 when Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli announced his own name as John XXIII. Baldassare Cossa, who was Antipope John XXIII, served as a Cardinal of the reunited church before his death in 1419 and his remains are found in the Florence Baptistery.
  • Those who believe in Sedevacantism say that there have been no legitimate popes since Pius XII. This is because they consider all popes since the Second Vatican Council to be heretics.[41][42]

See also

References

Specific

  1. Annuario Pontificio 2012 (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2012 ISBN 978-88-209-8722-0), p. 12*
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  5. The fourth pope Discussed in the article on Clement I
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  13. For the dates of death of Clement III and the election of Celestine III see Katrin Baaken: Zu Wahl, Weihe und Krönung Papst Cölestins III. Deutsches Archiv für Erforschung des Mittelalters Volume 41 / 1985, pp. 203–211
  14. Philip Hughes, "Innocent III & the Latin East," History of the Church, vol. 2, p. 371, Sheed & Ward, 1948.
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  41. Weaver, MJ., and Appleby, RS., Being Right: Conservative Catholics in America, Indiana University Press, 1 Jan 1995, p. 257.
  42. Flinn, FK., Encyclopedia of Catholicism, 2007, p. 566.

General

  • The Early Papacy: To the Synod of Chalcedon in 451, Adrian Fortescue, Ignatius Press, 2008.
  • The Oxford Dictionary of Popes, John N.D. Kelly, Oxford University Press, 1986.
  • Catholicism, Henri de Lubac, Ignatius Press, 1988.
  • Rome and the Eastern Churches, Aidan Nichols, Ignatius Press, 2010.
  • I Papi. Venti secoli di storia, Pontificia Amministrazione della Patriarcale Basilica di San Paolo, Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2002.
  • Rome Sweet Home, Scott Hahn, Ignatius Press, 1993.
  • Enciclopedia dei Papi, AA.VV., Istituto dell'Enciclopedia italiana, 2000.

External links

nn:Pave#Liste over pavar