List of rulers of Belarus

History of Belarusian states can be traced far to Principality of Polotsk. From 13th century lands of modern Belarus were a major part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania which later became part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. In 19th century Belarus together with Lithuania formed the Northwestern Krai of Russian Empire. At the beginning of the 20th century there was a short-lived Belarusian National Republic, and in 1922 Belarus became part of the USSR as Belarusian SSR except West Belarus, which was under Polish rule, which was briefly interrupted due to Soviet occupation during Polish-Soviet War. In 1991, Belarus regained its independence.

Dukes of Principality of Polotsk

Rurikid dynasty

• Rahvalod of Polotsk (? - 980)
• Uladzimir I of Kiev (980 - 1015)
• Brastislav of Polotsk (1001–1044)
• Vseslav of Polotsk (1044–1101)
• Barys I of Polotsk (1101–1106)
• David of Polotsk (1106–1127)
• Barys I of Polotsk (1127–1128)
• Sviatopolk of Kiev (1128–1132)
• Vasil of Polotsk (1132–1144)
• Rogneda Borisovich (1144–1151)
• Rostislav of Minsk (1151–1159)
• Rogneda Borisovich (1159–1162)
• Vseslav Vasilkovich (1162–1167)
• Volodar of Minsk (1167 - ?)

Palemonid dynasty

• Mingayl (Mingaila) (? – 1192)
• Ginwill (1192–1199)
• Boris II of Polotsk (1199 – 12??)
• Gleb of Polotsk (12?? - 12??)
• Iziaslav of Polotsk (12?? – 1281)
• Daumont (1281–1285)

Gediminid dynasty

• Vainius (1315 – 13??)
• Narimont (Narimantas) (13?? - 13??)
• Lubart (Liubartas) (13?? – 1342)
• Wigund (Vygantas, Andrius; son of Olgierd (Algirdas)) (1342–1387)
• Skirhajla (1387–1397)

Grand Dukes of Grand Duchy of Lithuania

Title: Grand Duke ("Вялікі князь" in Belarusian, "Wielki książę" in Polish, "Kunigaikštis" or "Didysis Kunigaikštis" in Lithuanian)

See also: List of rulers of Lithuania

• Mindouh 1236 - 1263
• Treniota 1263–1264
• Vojšalk (Vojszalak, Vaišelga, Vaishyalga, Vaišalgas, Woyszwiłk) 1264 - 1267
• Svarn (Shvarno, Švarnas, Ioann) 1267–1269
• Trajdzien (Traidenis) 1269–1282
• Daŭmont of Lithuania (Dowmont, Daumantas) 1281–1285
• Budzikid (Butigeidis) 1285 – ca. 1291
• Putuver (Pukuwer, Butvydas) ca. 1291 – ca. 1295
• Vyten' (Vytenis) 1295–1316
• Hedymin (Giedymin, Gediminas) 1316–1341
• Jaŭnut (Jewnut, Jawnut, Jaunutis) 1341–1345
• Alherd (Olgierd, Algirdas) 1345–1377
• Jahaila (Władysław II Jagiełło, Jogaila) 1377–1381, 1382–1392, also crowned as the Polish King
• Kiejstut (Kejstut, Kęstutis) 1381–1382
• Vitaūt the Great (Witold, Vitawt, Vytautas) 1392–1430
• Śvidryhajla (Swidrygiello, Švitrigaila) 1430–1432
• Sigismund Kęstutaitis (Žyhimont I Kejstutavicz, Sigismund Kestutian, Žygimantas I Kęstutaitis, Zygimont Kejstutavicz) September 1, 1432–1440
• Casimir IV Jagiellon (Kazimierz IV Jagiellończyk, Kazimieras I Jogailaitis) 1440–1492 also crowned as the Polish King
• Alexander (Alaksandr, Aleksander Jagiellończyk, Aleksandras I) 1492–1506 also crowned as the Polish King
• Sigismund I the Old (Žyhimont II Stary, Zygmunt I Stary, Žygimantas II Senasis) 1505–1548 also crowned as the Polish King
• Sigismund II Augustus (Žyhimont III Aŭhust, Zygmunt II August, Žygimantas III Augustas) 1545–1572 also crowned as the Polish King

Elected kings of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

• Henri Valois (1572–1573)
• Stefan Batory (1576–1586)
• Sigismund III Vasa (1587–1632)
• Ladislaus IV of Poland (1632–1648)
• John II of Poland (1648–1668)
• Michael Korybut Wisniowiecki (1672–1673)
• John III of Poland (1675–1696)
• August II of Poland (1697–1704)
• Stanisław Leszczyński (1704–1709)
• August II of Poland (1704–1733)
• Stanisław Leszczyński (1733)
• August III of Poland (1733–1763)
• Stanisław August Poniatowski (1764–1795)

Leaders of Belarus since 1918

Belarusian National Republic (1918–1920)

Chairmen of the Rada

• Ivan Mikitavich Syerada (9 March – May 1918)

Chairman of the Provisional Revolutionary Workers–and–Peasants' Soviet Government

• Zmicier Zhylunovich (1 January – 4 February 1919)

Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee

• Aleksandr Fyodorovich Myasnikov (4–27 February 1919)
• Pyotr Antonavich Krechewski (13 December 1919 – November 1920) (Chairman of Government)
• Jan Mikitavich Syerada (December 1919 – July 1920) (Rival Government)

Belarusian National Republic in Exile (1920–present)

Presidents

(In Vilnius to 1925, then in Prague, presently in Canada)

• Pyotr Antonavich Krechewski (November 1920 – 8 March 1928)
• Vasil Ivanavich Zakharka (8 March 1928 – 6 March 1943)
• Mikalay Syamyonavich Abramchyk (6 March 1943 – 29 May 1970)
• Vikentsiy Zhuk-Hryshkyevich (May 1970 – November 1982)
• Jazep Sazhych (November 1982–1997)
• Barys Rahula (1997) (acting)
• Ivonka J. Symaniec-Survilla (1997–present)

West Belarus under Polish rule (1919-1939)

• Józef Piłsudski as Chief of State (14 November 1918-11 December 1922)
• Gabriel Narutowicz (11 December 1922-16 December 1922)
• Maciej Rataj (acting) (16 December 1922-22 December 1922)
• Stanisław Wojciechowski (22 December 1922-14 May 1926)
• Maciej Rataj (acting) (14 May 1926-4 June 1926)
• Ignacy Mościcki (4 June 1926-30 September 1939)

Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (1920–1991)

First secretaries of the Byelorussian Communist Party

• Vilgelm Knorinsh (9 August 1920–1923) (1st time)
• Aleksandr Osatkin-Vladimirsky (1923–1924)
• Aleksandr Krinitsky (13 May 1924 – 22 December 1925)
• Nikolay Goloded (22 December 1925 – 7 May 1927)
• Vilgelm Knorinsh (7 May 1927 – 4 December 1928) (2nd time)
• Yakov Gamarnik (4 December 1928 – 3 January 1930)
• Konstantin Gey (3 January 1930 – 18 January 1932)
• Nikolay Gikalo (18 January 1932 – 18 March 1937)
• Vasily Sharangovich (18 March – 17 July 1937)
• Yakov Yakovlev (27 July – 8 August 1937) (acting)
• Aleksei Alekseyevich Volkov (11 August 1937 – 18 June 1938)
• Panteleimon Ponomarenko (18 June 1938 – 7 March 1947) (in exile in Russian SFSR since June 1941 until 1944)
• Nikolai Gusarov (7 March 1947 – 31 May 1950)
• Nikolai Patolichev (31 May 1950 – 8 March 1953) (1st time)
• Ivan Klimov (1952–1953) (b. 1903 – d. 1991)
• Mikhail Zimyanin (8 March – 25 June 1953)
• Nikolai Patolichev (25 June 1953 – 28 July 1956) (2nd time)
• Kirill Mazurov (28 July 1956 –30 March 1965)
• Pyotr Masherov (30 March 1965 – 4 September 1980)
• Tikhon Kiselyov (15 October 1980 – 11 January 1983)
• Nikolay Slyunkov (13 January 1983 – 6 February 1987)
• Yefrem Sokolov (6 February 1987 – 30 November 1990)
• Anatoly Malofeyev (30 November 1990 – August 1991)

Republic of Belarus (1991–Present)

Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet

• Stanislav Shushkevich (15 August 1991 – 26 January 1994) (acting to 18 September 1991)
• Vyacheslav Nikolayevich Kuznetsov (26–28 January 1994) (acting)
• Myechyslaw Hryb (28 January – 20 July 1994)

President

• Alexander Lukashenko (20 July 1994 – present)

See also

• List of national leaders of Belarus
• President of Belarus
• Prime Minister of Belarus

External links

• Grand Dukes of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania