List of systems of plant taxonomy

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A pioneering system of plant taxonomy, Linnaeus's Systema Naturae, Leiden, 1735

This list of systems of plant taxonomy presents "taxonomic systems" used in plant classification.

A taxonomic system is a coherent whole of taxonomic judgments on circumscription and placement of the considered taxa. It is only a "system" if it is applied to a large group of such taxa (for example, all the flowering plants).

There are two main criteria for this list. A system must be taxonomic, that is deal with a large number of plants, by their botanical names. Secondly it must be a system, i.e. deal with the relationships of plants. Although thinking about relationships of plants had started much earlier (see history of plant systematics), such systems really only came into being in the 19th century, as a result of an ever increasing influx from all over the world of newly discovered plant species. The 18th century saw some early systems, which are perhaps precursors rather than full taxonomic systems.

A milestone event was the publication of Species Plantarum by Linnaeus which serves as the starting point of binomial nomenclature for plants. By its size this would qualify to be on this list, but it does not deal with relationships, beyond assigning plants into genera.

Note that a system is not necessarily monolithic and often goes through several stages of development, resulting in several versions of the same system. When a system is widely adopted, many authors will adopt their own particular version of the system. The Cronquist system is well known for existing in many versions.

Chronological list of systems

Pre-Linnaean

From Linnaeus to Darwin (pre-Darwinian)

Post Darwinian (Phyletic)

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  • Eichler system
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  • Van Tieghem system
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  • Engler system
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  • Dalla Torre & Harms system
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  • Bessey system
    Charles E. Bessey (1907). "A Synopsis of Plant Phyla". Univ. Nebraska Studies 7: 275–358.
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  • Wettstein system
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  • Rendle system
    Alfred Barton Rendle. The Classification of Flowering Plants 1904, 1925
  • Lotsy system
    Johannes Paulus Lotsy. Vorträge über botanische Stammesgeschichte, gehalten an der Reichsuniversität zu Leiden. Ein Lehrbuch der Pflanzensystematik. 1907-1911
  • Benson system
    Lyman David Benson. Plant Classification 1957
  • Hutchinson system
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  • Hallier system
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  • Warming system
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  • Calestani system
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  • Kimura system
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  • Emberger system
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  • Melchior system
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  • Takhtajan system
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  • Cronquist system
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  • Goldberg system
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  • Dahlgren system
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  • Thorne system (1992) (also see, Thorne system, 2000)
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  • Kubitzki system (1990- )
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  • Reveal system (1999)
    Reveal System of Classification 1999
  • Judd system (1999-2008)
    (Modified APG)
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  • APG system
    'APG I' (1998)
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    APG II (2003)
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    (Available online: Abstract | Full text (HTML) | Full text (PDF))
    APG III (2009)
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    (Available online: [2])
  • Shipunov system (1991-)
    (Available online: Full text PDF )

Other systems

References

External links

Bibliography

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