Louis-François Richer Laflèche
| Louis-François Richer Laflèche | |
|---|---|
| Bishop of Trois Rivières | |
| File:Louis-François Richer Laflèche.png | |
| Diocese | Trois-Rivières |
| Installed | April 30, 1870 |
| Term ended | July 14, 1898 |
| Predecessor | Thomas Cooke |
| Successor | François-Xavier Cloutier |
| Other posts | Coadjutor Bishop of Trois Rivières |
| Orders | |
| Ordination | January 7, 1844 |
| Personal details | |
| Born | September 4, 1818 Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pérade, Lower Canada |
| Died | Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist. Trois-Rivières, Quebec |
Louis-François Laflèche, (September 4, 1818 – July 14, 1898), was a Catholic bishop of the diocese of Trois-Rivières, in the province of Quebec, Canada.
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Early life and career
He was born on September 4, 1818 in the village of Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pérade to Louis-Modeste Richer dit Laflèche and Marie-Anne Richer dit Laflèche (née Joubin dit Boisvert). His family held the secondary surname of Laflèche because their ancestor, Jean Richer, was from an area in France called La Flèche, near Anjou.
Laflèche studied at the Nicolet Seminary College in Nicolet, Quebec from 1831 to 1839. Following his education, he taught classics and science while continuing courses in theology. He was ordained a priest on January 7, 1844.
In 1844, he headed a mission near the Red River of the North. With Father Alexandre-Antonin Taché he founded the famous mission of Île-à-la-Crosse in 1846 where he remained until 1849[1]when Pius IX nominated him to be bishop of Arath. However, an illness had left him with an infirmity in his limb, and he asked to be withdrawn from the nomination and be replaced by Alexandre-Antonin Taché.[1]
As a missionary Oblate Laflèche educated himself in three Native American languages spoken in the North-Western Territory: Cree, Chipewyan,[1] and Anishinaabe. He was the first to reduce the Chipewyan language to grammatical form.
In 1851 he accompanied the Métis buffalo hunters of the parish of St. François Xavier located 25 km west of St. Boniface. The hunting party was made up of 67 Métis men, a number of women who came to prepare the meat, some small children and 200 carts. In North Dakota they encountered a band of Sioux. Lafleche dressed only in a black cassock, white surplice, and stole, directed with the camp commander Jean Baptiste Falcon a miraculous defence against 2,000 Sioux combatants, using a crucifix at the Battle of Grand Coteau (North Dakota). After a siege of two days (July 13 and 14), the Sioux withdrew, convinced that the Great Spirit protected the Métis.[2][3]
When he returned to Canada in 1856, he taught mathematics, astronomy, and philosophy at the Nicolet Seminary College. He was appointed president of the college in 1859.
Diocese of Trois-Rivières
In 1866, Bishop Thomas Cook of Trois-Rivières selected Laflèche to be his coadjutor. The following year, he was elevated to be head of the diocese of Anthedon. In 1869, he blessed the new church of Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pérade. While attending First Vatican Council in 1870, he was appointed Bishop of Trois-Rivières. He used his power and influence to interfere in the affairs of the Province of New Brunswick in an attempt to quash the passage of the Common Schools Act of 1871 that resulted in the Separation of church and state in the New Brunswick education system.
Bishop Laflèche authored five volumes of pastoral letters and two works concerning religion in the family and a discussion of the encyclical Humanum genus. In 1885, Leo XIII split his diocese, and he was forced to comply with this action and step down from his post. Following this, he became involved in the Manitoba Schools Question from 1890 to 1896, asking the help of Joseph-Adolphe Chapleau and Wilfrid Laurier. His concern was voiced in the encyclical Affari Vos of 1897 (See vatican.va link below).
Influence on politics
As bishop of Trois-Rivières, Laflèche gave weekly sermons at the cathedral, often touching upon subjects dealing with political and religious questions of his day. In 1876, he led the ultramontanist movement in Quebec, with the help of Bishop Ignace Bourget. He therefore had many disagreements with Bishop Elzéar-Alexandre Taschereau, who was a liberal.
Laflèche used his religious authority to help the Conservative Party of Quebec. He is credited with the phrase, "L'enfer est rouge et le ciel est bleu" (Hell is Parti rouge and heaven is Parti bleu). Blue is the color of the Conservatives and red, that of the Liberals. Laflèche's influence was especially strong in the 1890 provincial election. All the Conservative candidates were elected in the Mauricie area even though most of them were overwhelmingly defeated across the province.
Death
He died on July 12, 1898 at 79 years of age. He had been a priest for 54 years and a bishop for 31 years.
Honor
The following sites and landmarks were named to honor Monsignor Laflèche:
- In the Mauricie, Quebec area:
- Avenue Laflèche, located in Shawinigan, Mauricie;
- Laflèche College and Rue Laflèche, in Trois-Rivières;
- Rue Laflèche, in La Tuque;
- Rue Laflèche, in Louiseville;
- Rue Laflèche, in Saint-Paulin;
- In the Greater Quebec City area:
- Rue Laflèche, in Beauport, Greater Quebec City Area;
- Rue Laflèche, in L'Ancienne-Lorette;
- Rue Monseigneur-Laflèche, in Sainte-Foy;
- Elsewhere in Quebec:
- Rue Laflèche, in Montreal;
- Rue Monseigneur-Laflèche, in Boucherville, Montérégie.
Also, the former federal electoral district of Saint-Maurice—Laflèche and the village of Lafleche, Saskatchewan were named in his honour.
