Luna 6

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Luna 6
Mission type Lunar lander
COSPAR ID 1965-044A
Mission duration 3 days
Spacecraft properties
Manufacturer OKB-1
Launch mass 1,440 kilograms (3,170 lb)[citation needed]
Start of mission
Launch date 8 June 1965, 07:41:00 (1965-06-08UTC07:41Z) UTC
Rocket Molniya-M 8K78M
Launch site Baikonur 1/5
Orbital parameters
Reference system Heliocentric
Lunar flyby (failed landing)
Closest approach 11 June 1965
Distance 160,000 kilometres (99,000 mi)

Luna 6, or E-6 No.7 was an unmanned Soviet spacecraft which was intended to perform a landing on the Moon as part of the Luna program. Due to the failure of a mid-course correction manoeuvre, Luna 6 failed to land, instead flying past the Moon at a distance of 160,000 kilometres (99,000 mi).

Launch

Luna 6 was launched by a Molniya-M carrier rocket flying from Site 1/5 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome. Liftoff occurred at 07:40 UTC on 8 June 1965, with the spacecraft and Blok L upper stage entering a low Earth parking orbit, before the upper stage propelled the spacecraft into a heliocentric orbit passing the Moon.

Failure

The Luna 6 mission proceeded as planned until a scheduled mid-course correction late on 9 June. Although the spacecraft's S5.5A main engine ignited on time, it failed to cut off and continued to fire until its propellant supply was exhausted. An investigation later determined that the problem had been due to a command which had been mistakenly sent to the timer that ordered the main engine to shut down.[citation needed]

Despite the spacecraft being unable to land on the Moon, controllers used the spacecraft to simulate a landing; a task which was satisfactorily accomplished. Luna 6 flew past the Moon late on 11 June,[citation needed] with a closest approach of 159,612.8 kilometres (99,178.8 mi). Contact was maintained to a distance of 600,000 kilometres (370,000 mi) from Earth.

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