Macomb County, Michigan

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Macomb County, Michigan
Seal of Macomb County, Michigan
Seal
Map of Michigan highlighting Macomb County
Location in the U.S. state of Michigan
Map of the United States highlighting Michigan
Michigan's location in the U.S.
Founded January 15, 1818[1][2]
Named for Alexander Macomb
Seat Mount Clemens
Largest city Warren
Area
 • Total 571 sq mi (1,479 km2)
 • Land 479 sq mi (1,241 km2)
 • Water 92 sq mi (238 km2), 16%
Population (est.)
 • (2013) 854,769
 • Density 1,755/sq mi (678/km²)
Congressional districts 9th, 10th
Time zone Eastern: UTC-5/-4
Website macombcountymi.gov

Macomb County is a county located in the eastern portion of the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2010 census, the population was 840,978, making it the third-most populous county in the state.[3] Of Michigan's five largest counties, Macomb experienced the most population growth (6.7%) between 2000 and 2010. The county seat is Mt. Clemens.[4]

Macomb County is part of the Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city of Detroit is located south of 8 Mile Road, the county's southern border.

Macomb County contains 27 cities, townships and villages, including three of the top ten most populous municipalities in Michigan as of the 2010 census: Warren (#3), Sterling Heights (#4) and Clinton Township (#10). Most of this population is concentrated south of Hall Road (M-59), one of the county's main thoroughfares.

History

The Ojibwe lived in the area centuries before European contact. The first European explorers arrived in the area during the 17th century. A Moravian colony was established in the county in the late 18th century. They included French fur trappers and missionaries. In addition to the original French and English, later settlers included Germans, Belgians and others who came directly from Europe. In the 19th century the county received many American migrants from New York and New England who were attracted to the area for land and booming jobs.[citation needed]

Macomb County was formally organized on January 15, 1818 as the third county in the Michigan territory. At that time, it covered a much larger area than it does today. In 1819 and 1820, large portions of the county were removed to form the counties of Oakland, Lapeer, Genesee and St. Clair.[1] The county was named in honor of Detroit-born Alexander Macomb, Jr., a highly decorated veteran of the War of 1812 and hero of the Battle of Plattsburg, who became Commanding General of the U.S. Army in 1828.[1][5]

The county gained fame in the 1980s and '90s as a bellwether of state and national politics. Macomb's large cohort of working-class, socially conservative whites gave it one of the nation's most prominent concentrations of "Reagan Democrats". Outsider candidates with a conservative-populist bent have done well there in the past (e.g. George Wallace in 1968 and Pat Buchanan in 1992).[citation needed]

In May 2008, Macomb County voters approved the inclusion of a County Executive in a new charter to be submitted to the voters by 2010. A charter commission was elected in November 2008 for the purpose of drafting a charter for submission to Governor Granholm, which was submitted and approved and placed on the November 2009 ballot. The Charter passed with a 60.4% to 39.6% margin.[6][citation needed] Mark Hackel was voted in as the county's first county executive.[7]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 571 square miles (1,480 km2), of which 479 square miles (1,240 km2) is land and 92 square miles (240 km2) (16%) is water.[8] The county's southeastern border with Canada is located across Lake St. Clair.

Lake St. Clair borders the county on the east.

Far northern parts of the county, such as Richmond and Armada, are often considered to be part of Michigan's Thumb region.

Adjacent counties

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
1810 580 —
1820 898 54.8%
1830 2,413 168.7%
1840 9,716 302.7%
1850 15,530 59.8%
1860 22,843 47.1%
1870 27,616 20.9%
1880 31,627 14.5%
1890 31,813 0.6%
1900 33,244 4.5%
1910 32,606 −1.9%
1920 38,103 16.9%
1930 77,146 102.5%
1940 107,638 39.5%
1950 184,961 71.8%
1960 405,804 119.4%
1970 625,309 54.1%
1980 694,600 11.1%
1990 717,400 3.3%
2000 788,149 9.9%
2010 840,978 6.7%
Est. 2014 860,112 [9] 2.3%
U.S. Decennial Census[10]
1790-1960[11] 1900-1990[12]
1990-2000[13] 2010-2013[3]

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 840,978 people residing in the county. 85.4% were White, 8.6% Black or African American, 3.0% Asian, 0.3% Native American, 0.6% of some other race and 2.1% of two or more races. 2.3% were Hispanic or Latino (of any race). 14.8% were of German, 14.3% Polish, 11.1% Italian, 6.5% Irish and 5.9% American ancestry.[14]

In 2000, 87.6% of county residents spoke only English at home; 1.7% spoke Italian, 1.4% Polish, 1.2% Spanish, 1.1% Arabic and 1.1% Syriac.

Among Asian ethnic groups, six numbered over 1,000 people in Macomb County. The most numerous were the 5,713 Asian Indians, followed by Filipinos (4,155), Chinese (2,489), Koreans (1,853) Vietnamese (1,557), and Hmong (1,103).[15] Pakistanis are also represented in Macomb County's population.[16]

White ethnic groups that have settled in Macomb County include Albanians, Arabs, and Chaldeans.[16]

Two Native American tribes had over 1,000 residents in Macomb County in 2000. The Cherokee tribe counted 1,781 county residents, while 1,038 reported membership in the Chippewa (Ojibwa) tribe.

In 2000, there were 309,203 households out of which 31.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.30% were married couples living together, 10.10% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.80% were non-families. 26.90% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.09.

In 2000, the age distribution of the county was as follows: 24.10% under the age of 18, 8.00% from 18 to 24, 31.50% from 25 to 44, 22.80% from 45 to 64, and 13.70% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 96.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.90 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $52,102, and the median income for a family was $62,816. Males had a median income of $48,303 versus $30,215 for females. The per capita income for the county was $24,446. About 4.00% of families and 5.60% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.00% of those under age 18 and 6.40% of those age 65 or over.

According to the 2006 American Community Survey the average family size was 3.15. The population of 25 and over was 571,463. 86.9% of that population had graduated from high school, and 21% of the population had a Bachelor's degree or higher. About 14.3% of that population was disabled. 12.5% of Macomb's population could speak another language at home.

Parks and recreation

Macomb County is home to more than 130 parks covering 12,000 acres (49 km2) managed by the state, regional, county, and local government. There are four major public parks in the County - Freedom Hill County Park, Macomb Orchard Trail, Metro Beach Metropark, and Stony Creek Metropark. The county also has 31 miles of shoreline and over 100 marinas.[citation needed]

Government

Presidential Election Results 1988–2012
Year Democrat Republican
2012 51.6% 47.6%
2008 53.4 44.8%
2004 48.7% 50.2%
2000 50.0% 47.5%
1996 49.5% 39.4%
1992 37.4% 42.3%
1988 38.8% 60.3%

The county government operates the jail, maintains rural roads, operates the major local courts, keeps files of deeds and mortgages, maintains vital records, administers public health regulations, and participates with the state in the provision of welfare and other social services. The county board of commissioners controls the budget but has only limited authority to make laws or ordinances. In Michigan, most local government functions — police and fire, building and zoning, tax assessment, street maintenance, etc. — are the responsibility of individual cities and townships.

In May 2008, Macomb County voters approved the inclusion of a County Executive in a new charter to be submitted to the voters by 2010. A charter commission was elected in November 2008 for the purpose of drafting a charter for submission to Governor Granholm, which was submitted and approved and placed on the November 2009 ballot. The Charter passed with a 60.4% to 39.6% margin.[6] Macomb Intermediate School District is the intermediate school district that serves all the school district based in the County.

Elected officials

Transportation

Air

Major highways

  • I-94 (Edsel Ford Freeway) runs –west through Detroit and serves Ann Arbor to the west (where it continues to Chicago) and Port Huron to the northeast. The stretch of the current I-94 freeway from Ypsilanti to Detroit was one of the first American limited-access freeways. Henry Ford built it to link his factories at Willow Run and Dearborn during World War II. It was called the Willow Run Expressway.
  • I-696 (Walter Reuther Freeway) runs east–west from the junction of I-96, I-275, and M-5 to I-94, providing a route through the northern suburbs of Detroit.
  • M-3 (Gratiot Avenue) is a major road that runs from Marysville to downtown Detroit. The portion of the road between 23 Mile Road and New Haven Road is not numbered. Between New Haven Road and Main Street in the city of Richmond the road is part of M-19. Between Richmond and Marysville the road is not numbered.
  • M-19 starts in New Haven goes up Gratiot to Richmond. The route leaves Gratiot and goes northwest through Richmond and then north through Memphis. Then it goes north through St. Clair and Sanilac Counties and ends at M-142 between Bad Axe and Harbor Beach in Huron County.
  • M-29 begins as part of 23 Mile Road, east of I-94 and ends in Marysville.
  • M-53 which is called the Christopher Columbus Freeway from 18 Mile Road in Sterling Heights to 27 ​1⁄2 Mile Road in Washington Township. It is also called the POW/MIA Memorial Freeway from 27 ​1⁄2 Mile Road in Washington Township to the freeway's end at 34 Mile Road in Bruce Township, however it is locally known as the Van Dyke Freeway. It continues as Van Dyke Road or Van Dyke Avenue north to Port Austin and south through Warren to Gratiot Avenue in Detroit.
  • M-59 (Veterans Memorial Freeway) from Utica to Pontiac, continues east as Hall Road to Gratiot Avenue and as William P. Russo Highway to its terminus at I-94 and west as various surface roads to I-96 near Howell
  • M-97 (Groesbeck Highway) begins in Detroit at Gratiot (M-3) and ends at Hall Road (M-59).
  • M-102 (8 Mile Road), known by many due to the film 8 Mile, forms the dividing line between Detroit on the south and the suburbs of Macomb and Oakland counties on the north. It is also known as Baseline Road outside of Detroit, because it coincides with the baseline used in surveying Michigan; that baseline is also the boundary for a number of Michigan counties.

Other roads

  • Jefferson Avenue is a scenic highway that runs parallel to the shore of the Detroit River and Lake St. Clair. It is also the principal thoroughfare for the Grosse Pointes, where it is called Lake Shore Drive.
  • "Mile" roads: Surface street navigation in Metro Detroit is commonly anchored by "mile roads," major east-west surface streets that are spaced at one-mile intervals and increment as one travels north and away from the city center. Mile roads sometimes have two names, the numeric name (ex. 15 Mile Road) used in Macomb County and a local name (ex. Maple Road) used in Oakland County mostly. <templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>
    Main article: Mile Road System (Detroit)

Communities

Cities

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Villages

Unincorporated communities

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Townships

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Notable people

Actors/Actresses

Athletes

Musicians

Other

See also

References

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  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ Detailed Tables - American FactFinder
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Selweski, Chad. "Albanians, Chaldeans, Arabs and Asians move to Macomb County" (Archive). The Macomb Daily. Wednesday March 23, 2011. Retrieved on July 6, 2015.

External links

 Lapeer County St. Clair County
Oakland County Lake St. Clair
  Macomb County, Michigan  
Wayne County Lambton County

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