Makardhwaja

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Makardhwaja
Makardhwaja
Makardhwaja Temple at Odadar village near Porbandar, Gujarat

Makardhwaja / Magardhwaja as per Hindu Mythology, is son of Hanuman, who makes his appearance in epic Valmiki Ramayana.[1][2]

Birth

When Hanuman took a dip in the waters of sea, after burning whole of Lanka with the fire burning on his tail, a drop of his perspiration fell in to mouth of a mighty fish. Out of this the Makardhwaja was born.[1][2][3]

According to another, slightly different version, when Hanuman took a dip in sea, for cooling himself after burning Lanka; a drop of his seed got discharged, due to extreme heat generated in his body and labor by him, which fell in to mouth of a giant fish-cum-reptile like creature, whose name was Makardhwaja, thus making it pregnant.[4]

The fish was caught by people of Ahiravana, who ruled Patala, the nether-world. The Markardhwaja, was discovered, when stomach of fish was cut open and named after it. Ahiravana, seeing his strength & virility gave him job of guarding, the gates of his Kingdom.[1][2][4]

Iconography

Makardhwaja name is derived from Hindu mythological creature Makara and depicted as part Makarā and part Vanarā (monkey).

Makardhwaja is sometimes also spelled as Magar-dhwaja - depicted as part Magarā (crocodile) and part Vanarā.

Story in The Ramayana

According to Ramayana told by Valmiki, this story has no place in it. However, in local folk tales this story is related. When Ahiravana took Rama and Lakshmana to Patala, Hanuman followed them to their rescue. He was challenged at the gate of Patala by a creature, who was part Vanara and part reptile - a Makara. He introduced himself Makaradhwaja and son of Hanuman, the mighty warrior.[1][2]

Hanuman was amused and said that, I am myself the Hanumana but he could not be his son, as he was celibate since birth. However, Hanumana then closed his eyes in dhyan to see the events described above of Makardhwaja's birth.

Makardhwaja asked him for his blessings, however, he said to Hanuman, that he will have to fight him to enter Patala, as he cannot betray Ahiravana, his mentor. Hanuman defeats Makaradhwaja in a duel and binds him to proceed further to ultimately kill Ahiravana and rescue Rama & Lakshamana.[1][2]

Later on, upon Rama's advice he installed Makardhwaja, as King of Patala before returning to Lanka, to continue war with Ravana.[1][2]

Lineage

The Jethwa clan of Kshatriyas claim their descent from Makardhwaja. As per folk tales of their clan, Makardhwaja had a son named Mod-dhwaja and he had a son named Jethi-dhwaja.[4] Jethwas claim descant from Jethi-dhwaja and worship Hanuman as their Iṣṭa-devatā.[4] The Jethwa dynasty of Gujarat, who once ruled major part of Kathiawar and later the princely state of Porbandar, therefore, had the image of Hanuman on their Royal flag.[4][5][6]

Temples

Temples dedicated to Makardhwaja can be found in India, especially in Gujarat, where Jethwas once ruled. Some noted temples in Gujarat are at

  • Odadar village near Porbandar.
  • Hanuman-Dandi at Bet Dwarka, where idols of Makardhwaja and Hanuman are worshiped together.[7]
  • Chinchawan, Tq. Wadwani Wadwani, Dist.Beed (Maharashtra)
  • MP-GWALIOR-KARAHIYA

In Rajasthan, also there is temple known as

  • Balaji Makardhwaja Temple at Beawar, which is dedicated to both father-son duo in form of Balaji Hanuman and Makardhwaja.

See also

  • Macchanu - son of Hanuman and Suvannamachha as per Southeast versions of Ramayana.
  • Suvannamaccha - daughter of Ravana and mother of Hanuman's son Macchnanu.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 [1] SRI HANUMAN By SRI SWAMI SIVANANDA
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Lord Hanuman and Makardhwaja, his son
  3. ↑ Is Science doing a Makardhwaj?
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Kutch Gurjar Kshatriya Community: A brief history & glory: Section : History of Rajput surnames, their origin and Myths : Sub-section : History of Jethwa : by Raja Pawan Jethwa, Kolkata (2007).Page 81.
  5. ↑ PORBANDAR PRINCELY STATE RULED BY JETHWA DYNASTY
  6. ↑ The annals and antiquities of Rajastʾhan: or the central and western Rajpoot states of India
  7. ↑ DANDI SRI HANUMAN TEMPLE, BET/BEYT DWARKA
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