Marengo Order of Battle

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The Battle of Marengo was fought on June 14, 1800 between the French army of First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte and an Austrian army led by General Michael von Melas. After bitter fighting throughout the morning and early afternoon, the Austrians forced the French army to retreat. However, French reinforcements arrived later in the afternoon and won the battle for Bonaparte.

French Army

First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte[1]
Commander-in-Chief: General of Division Louis-Alexandre Berthier (acted as Chief of Staff and Reserve Commander)
Chief of Staff: General of Division Pierre Dupont de l'Étang
Chief Engineer: General of Division Armand Samuel de Marescot
Chief of Artillery: General of Brigade Auguste de Marmont

Corps Lannes

Jean Lannes commanded a small corps.
Jean Lannes

General of Division Jean Lannes

  • Division: General of Division François Watrin (6648)
    • 6th Light Demi-Brigade (1408) - Macon
    • 22nd Line Demi-Brigade (1527) - Schreiber
    • 40th Line Demi-Brigade (2136) - Legendre
  • Advance Guard: General of Brigade Joseph Mainoni
  • Attached units:
    • 5th Dragoons (142) - Domanger
    • 6 guns

Corps Victor

Claude Victor led a 2-division corps.
Claude Victor

General of Division Claude Perrin Victor

Corps Desaix

Bust of Louis Desaix from his death mask.
Louis Desaix

General of Division Louis Charles Antoine Desaix de Veygoux

  • Division: General of Division Jean-Charles Monnier (3983)
    • 19th Light Demi-Brigade (673) - Bourgeois
    • 70th Line Demi-Brigade (1410) - Marie François Rouyer
    • 72nd Line Demi-Brigade (1900) - Mercier
    • 4 guns
  • Division: General of Division Jean Boudet (4856)
    • 9th Light Demi-Brigade (1833) - Mathieu Delabassée
    • 30th Line Demi-Brigade (1200) - Lajeunesse
    • 59th Line Demi-Brigade (1823) - Bourdois
    • 8 guns
    • 1st Hussars (120) - Juniac
    • 1st Cavalry (123)

Cavalry Reserve

Joachim Murat commanded the cavalry reserve.
Joachim Murat

General of Division Joachim Murat

  • Brigade: General of Brigade Bernard Duvignau (1227)
    • 6th Dragoons (393) - Levreault
    • 8th Dragoons (443) - Jacques Louis François Milet
    • 12th Horse Chasseurs (391)
  • Brigade: General of Brigade François Etienne de Kellermann (449)
    • 2nd Cavalry (258) - Ywendorff
    • 20th Cavalry (191) - Gerard
  • Brigade: General of Brigade Pierre Champeaux (399)
    • 9th Dragoons (150)
    • 15th Horse Chasseurs (249) - Tainturier
  • Brigade: General of Brigade Jean Rivaud (700)

Reserve

Auguste Marmont led the artillery.
Auguste Marmont

General of Division Louis-Alexandre Berthier (acted as Chief of Staff)

  • Engineers (269)
  • Reserve Artillery
    • 5 guns
  • Consular Guard Infantry: Soulès (800)
    • Foot Grenadiers
    • Foot Chasseurs
  • Consular Guard Cavalry: Colonel Jean-Baptiste Bessières (360)
  • Consular Guard Artillery: 3 guns

Austrian Army

General der Kavallerie Michael von Melas[2][3]

Attached to Army

Johann Frimont led the army advance guard.
Johann Frimont
  • Advance Guard: Oberst Johann Maria Philipp Frimont (832)
    • Mariassy Jägers (164)
    • Bach Light Battalion Nr. 4 (277)
    • Am Ende Light Battalion Nr. 3 (291)
    • Pioneers (100)
    • Kaiser Dragoons Nr. 1 (272 in two squadrons)
    • Bussy Horse Jägers (186 in two squadrons)
    • Cavalry battery

Attached Artillery:

  • 92 artillery pieces

Right Wing

Feldmarschall-Leutnant Andreas O'Reilly von Ballinlough (2997)

  • Brigade: General-major Franz Rousseau
    • Banater Grenz Infantry Regiment Nr. 4 (533)
    • Warasdiner-Kreutzer Grenz Infantry Regiment Nr. 5 (755)
    • Oguliner Grenz Infantry Regiment Nr. 3 (602)
    • Ottocaner Grenz Infantry Regiment Nr. 2 (298)
    • Mariassy Jägers (40)
    • Nauendorf Hussar Regiment Nr. 8 (426 in three squadrons)
    • Hussar Regiment Nr. 5 (230 in 2 squadrons)
    • Württemberg Dragoon Regiment Nr. 8 (113 in one squadron)
    • Cavalry battery

Center

Michael von Melas led the Austrian army.
Michael von Melas

Center: Melas

  • Division: Feldmarschall-Leutnant Karl Joseph Hadik von Futak (5039)
    • Brigade: General-major Giovanni Pilati
      • Karaczay Dragoon Regiment Nr. 4 (1053 in six squadrons)
      • Kaiser Dragoon Regiment Nr. 1 (309 in three squadrons)
    • Brigade: General-major Friedrich Joseph Anton von Bellegarde
      • Johann Jellacic Infantry Regiment Nr. 53 (613 in one battalion)
      • Archduke Anton Infantry Regiment Nr. 52 (855 in two battalions)
    • Brigade: General-major Franz Xaver Saint-Julien
      • Michael Wallis Infantry Regiment Nr. 11 (2209 in three battalions)
Vincent Knesevich (Croat. Vinko Knežević)
  • Division: Feldmarschall-Leutnant Konrad Valentin von Kaim (4939)
    • Brigade: General-major Auguste de Briey
      • Franz Kinsky Infantry Regiment Nr. 47 (1640 in two battalions)
    • Brigade: General-Major Vincent Knesevich
      • Tuscany Infantry Regiment Nr. 23 (2188 in three battalions)
    • Brigade: General-major Ludwig Wolff de la Marselle
      • Archduke Josef Infantry Regiment Nr. 63 (1111 in three battalions)
  • Division: Feldmarschall-Leutnant Ferdinand Johann von Morzin (4756)
    • Attached units: Pioneers (400)
    • Brigade: General-major Christoph von Latterman (2116)
    • Brigade: General-major Karl Philippi von Weidenfeld (2240)
      • It is not known which battalions belonged to which brigade.[4]
      • Paar Grenadier battalion
      • Pers Grenadier battalion
      • Sciaffinati Grenadier battalion
      • Weber Grenadier battalion
      • Czerwenka Grenadier battalion
      • Pertusy Grenadier battalion
      • Piret Grenadier battalion
      • Khevenhüller Grenadier battalion
      • Gorschen Grenadier battalion
      • Weissenwolf Grenadier battalion
      • Saint-Julien Grenadier battalion
  • Division: Feldmarschall-Leutnant Anton von Elsnitz (4214)
    • Brigade: General-major Johann Nobili
      • Archduke Johann Dragoon Regiment Nr. 3 (859 in six squadrons)
      • Liechtenstein Dragoon Regiment Nr. 9 (1014 in six squadrons)
    • Brigade: General-major Josef Nimptsch (detached to south, not engaged)
      • Hussar Regiment Nr. 7 (1353 in eight squadrons)
      • Erdödy Hussar Regiment Nr. 9 (988 in six squadrons)

Left Wing

Peter Karl Ott

Feldmarschall-Leutnant Peter Karl Ott von Bátorkéz (7602)

  • Advance Guard: General-major Friedrich Heinrich von Gottesheim (811)
    • Frölich Infantry Regiment Nr. 28 (523 in one battalion)
    • Mariassy Jägers (40)
    • Lobkowitz Dragoon Regiment Nr. 10 (248 in two squadrons)
  • Division: Feldmarschall-Leutnant Ludwig von Vogelsang (2194)
    • Brigade: General-major Josef Ulm
      • Stuart Infantry Regiment Nr. 18 (1282 in three battalions)
      • Hohenlohe Infantry Regiment Nr. 17 (912 in two battalions)
  • Division: Feldmarschall-Leutnant Joseph von Schellenberg (4597)
    • Brigade: General-major Anton Retz
      • Frölich Infantry Regiment Nr. 28 (1046 in two battalions)
      • Joseph Mittrowsky Infantry Regiment Nr. 40 (835 in three battalions)
      • Pioneers (100)
    • Brigade: General-major Franz Sticker
      • Splenyi Infantry Regiment Nr. 51 (737 in two battalions)
      • Josef Colloredo Infantry Regiment Nr. 57 (1369 in three battalions)
      • Lobkowitz Dragoon Regiment Nr. 10 (492 in four squadrons)

References

  • Arnold, James R. Marengo & Hohenlinden. Barnsley, South Yorkshire, UK: Pen & Sword, 2005. ISBN 1-84415-279-0
  • Smith, Digby. The Napoleonic Wars Data Book. London: Greenhill, 1998. ISBN 1-85367-276-9

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Arnold, pp. 270–271 gives the OOB for both sides.
  2. ↑ Arnold, pp. 272–273.
  3. ↑ Smith, pp. 186–187. Smith supplies the Austrian grenadier battalion names and regiment numbers.
  4. ↑ Smith, p 187

External links

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