Marrubium

For the ancient city in Italy called Marrubium, see San Benedetto dei Marsi.

Horehound
File:Marrubium rotundifolia.jpg
Foliage of Marrubium rotundifolia
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Asterids
Order:	Lamiales
Family:	Lamiaceae
Genus:	Marrubium L.
Synonyms
Padota Adans. Atirbesia Raf. Maropsis Pomel

Marrubium (horehound or hoarhound) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae, native to temperate regions of Europe, North Africa, and Asia as far east as the Xinjiang region of western China. A few species are also naturalized in North and South America.

Species

1. Marrubium alyssoides Pomel - Algeria, Morocco
2. Marrubium alysson L. - Mediterranean from Spain + Morocco to Palestine
3. Marrubium anisodon K.Koch - Greece, Albania, Crimea, southwest Asia from Turkey to Kashmir
4. Marrubium aschersonii Magnus - Tunisia
5. Marrubium astracanicum Jacq. - Caucasus, Iran, Iraq, Turkey
6. Marrubium atlanticum Batt. - Morocco
7. Marrubium ayardii Maire - Morocco
8. Marrubium × bastetanum Coincy - Spain (M. supinum × M. vulgare)
9. Marrubium bourgaei Boiss. - Turkey
10. Marrubium catariifolium Desr. - Caucasus, Turkey
11. Marrubium cephalanthum Boiss. & Noë - Turkey
12. Marrubium cordatum Nábelek - Iran, Iraq, Turkey
13. Marrubium crassidens Boiss. - Iran, Iraq
14. Marrubium cuneatum Banks & Sol. - Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine
15. Marrubium cylleneum Boiss. & Heldr. - Greece
16. Marrubium depauperatum Boiss. & Balansa - Turkey
17. Marrubium duabense Murata - Iran, Afghanistan
18. Marrubium echinatum Ball - Morocco
19. Marrubium eriocephalum Seybold - Iraq
20. Marrubium fontianum Maire - Rif in northern Morocco
21. Marrubium friwaldskyanum Boiss. - Bulgaria
22. Marrubium glechomifolium Freyn & Conrath - Caucasus
23. Marrubium globosum Montbret & Aucher ex Benth. - Turkey, Syria, Lebanon
24. Marrubium heterocladum Emb. & Maire - Rif in northern Morocco
25. Marrubium heterodon (Benth.) Boiss. & Balansa - Turkey
26. Marrubium hierapolitanum Mouterde - Syria
27. Marrubium × humbertii Emb. & Maire - Morocco (M. ayardii × M. multibracteatum)
28. Marrubium incanum Desr. - Italy (including Sicily + Sardinia), Greece, Albania, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria
29. Marrubium leonuroides Desr. - Caucasus, Crimea
30. Marrubium litardierei Marmey - Morocco
31. Marrubium lutescens Boiss. & Heldr. - Turkey
32. Marrubium multibracteatum Humbert & Maire - Morocco
33. Marrubium × paniculatum Desr. - Austria, Czech Republic, Yugoslavia (M. peregrinum × M. vulgare)
34. Marrubium parviflorum Fisch. & C.A.Mey. - Turkey, Iran, Caucasus
35. Marrubium peregrinum L. - central + Eastern Europe, Turkey, Caucasus
36. Marrubium persicum C.A.Mey - Turkey, Iran, Caucasus
37. Marrubium pestalozzae Boiss. - Greece, Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova, Ukraine, Crimea
38. Marrubium plumosum C.A.Mey. - Caucasus
39. Marrubium procerum Bunge - Iran
40. Marrubium propinquum Fisch. & C.A.Mey. - Iran, Caucasus
41. Marrubium rotundifolia Boiss. - Turkey
42. Marrubium sivasense Aytaç, Akgül & Ekici - Turkey
43. Marrubium supinum L. - Spain, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia
44. Marrubium thessalum Boiss. & Heldr. - Albania, Greece
45. Marrubium trachyticum Boiss. - Turkey
46. Marrubium vanense Hub.-Mor. - Turkey
47. Marrubium velutinum Sm. - Greece
48. Marrubium vulcanicum Hub.-Mor. - Turkey
49. Marrubium vulgare L. - White Horehound or Common Horehound - widespread from Denmark + Azores + Canary Islands east to Xingiang; naturalized in New Zealand, New Caledonia, Hawaii, Easter Island, North + South America

The genus name Marrubium derives from the Hebrew marrob or bitter juice. The common name horehound is of unknown origin, but with the first part 'hore' derived from "hoary", "hairy".

The species formerly classified as Marrubium nigrum (Black Horehound) is now placed in the genus Ballota.

Marrubium species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Coleophora lineolea.