Martel, Lot

Martel
The covered market in Martel
Coat of arms
Martel
Location within Midi-Pyrénées region Martel
Coordinates:
Country	France
Region	Languedoc-Roussillon-Midi-Pyrénées
Department	Lot
Arrondissement	Gourdon
Canton	Martel
Intercommunality	Communauté de communes du Pays de Martel
Government
• Mayor (2008–2014)	Jean-Claude Requier
Area1	35.28 km2 (13.62 sq mi)
Population (1999)2	1,467
• Density	42/km2 (110/sq mi)
INSEE/Postal code	46185 / 46600
Elevation	92–336 m (302–1,102 ft) (avg. 240 m or 790 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. 2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.

Martel is a commune in the Lot department in south-western France. It is a small medieval town in a region well known for its walnuts and truffles.

History

The name of the town means "hammer", and three of these are to be seen on the town's coat of arms. Charles Martel, who earned the nickname "hammer" after his victory in the Battle of Tours in 732, is said to have founded the town. Henry the Young King died here in 1183. In 1219, the town received its charter and was a fiefdom of the Viscounts of Turenne.

Geography

Martel is located about 15 km (9 mi) east of Souillac and 15 km (9 mi) north of the River Dordogne. To the north lies the commune of Cazillac, to the northeast Strenquels, to the east Saint-Denis-lès-Martel, to the southeast Floirac, to the south Montvalent, to the southwest Creysse, to the west Baladou and to the northwest Cuzance. The countryside is rural with rolling hills, pastureland and the cultivation of walnuts. North of the town lies the elevated limestone plateau of Causse de Martel, much of which is covered with oak and beech woodland.

The town

Martel, view with seven towers

Martel is a medieval town, with the older houses built of pale stone that contrasts with their reddish-brown roofs. The ramparts that used to surround the town are gone but in their place is a wide boulevard and the narrow-streeted central part is a pedestrian area. The town has a distinctive sky-line with medieval towers projecting above the houses, and because of these, the town is sometimes called La ville aux sept tours. The highest tower is that of the Church of Saint-Maur.

There is an eighteenth-century market hall taking up most of the central cobbled square. Markets are held here on Wednesdays and Saturdays, and during late December or January there is an annual truffle market. In July, the Foire à la Laine (Wool Fair) is held underneath the market hall, with competitions for the best fleeces. There is a museum containing items from Puy d'Issolud, a local Gallic archaeological site which has been identified as Uxellodunum, besieged by Julius Caesar in 51 BC.

See also

• Communes of the Lot department